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Special Article
Nutrition survey methods and food composition database update of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
Seon-Joo Park, Jieun Lyu, Kyoungho Lee, Hae-Jeung Lee, Hyun-Young Park
Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024042.   Published online April 2, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2024042
  • 1,601 View
  • 87 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
This study presents the nutrition survey methods and the updated food composition database for the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). The KoGES, which is the largest and longest cohort study in Korea, aims to identify genetic and environmental factors associated with chronic diseases. This study has collected dietary data using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and/or the 24-hour recall method. However, these dietary survey methods use different food composition databases, and their nutritional values are out of date. Therefore, it became necessary to update the food composition database by revising nutrient analysis values to reflect improvements in the performance of food ingredient analysis equipment, revising international values to analysis values of Korean agricultural products, adjusting nutrient units, and adding newly reported nutrients related to chronic diseases. For this purpose, we integrated the different food composition databases used in each nutrition survey, updated 23 nutrients, and expanded 48 new nutrients for 3,648 food items using the latest reliable food composition databases published by national and international institutions. This revised food composition database may help to clarify the relationship between various nutrients and chronic diseases. It could serve as a valuable resource for nutritional, epidemiological, and genomic research and provide a basis for determining public health policies.
Summary
Korean summary
한국인유전체역학조사사업은 우리나라에서 가장 크고 오래된 코호트로 만성질환과 영양과의 관련성을 밝히기 위하여 사용되고 있다. 이 논문에서는 영양조사에 대한 자세한 방법론과 현재 공개하고 있는 23개 영양소의 업데이트 및 48개 새로운 영양소의 확대에 대한 내용을 소개하였다. 이러한 개선을 통해 KoGES 영양 데이터의 활용도가 더욱 높아질 것으로 기대된다.
Key Message
The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) is the largest and longest-running cohort study in South Korea aimed at identifying the relationship between chronic diseases and nutrient intake. This paper provides a detailed methods of the nutritional surveys and introduces updates to the existing 23 nutrients and the addition of 48 new nutrients. These enhancements are expected to significantly increase the utility of the KoGES nutritional data.
Original Articles
Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and cardiovascular disease risk in Korea: a trajectory analysis
Jina Han, Yeong Jun Ju, Soon Young Lee
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023028.   Published online February 22, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023028
  • 5,039 View
  • 240 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To identify the distinct trajectories of sedentary behavior (SB) and explore whether reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk was associated with a distinct trajectory of physical activity (PA).
METHODS
We analyzed data from 6,425 people who participated in the Korean Health Panel Survey over a period of 10 years. The participants’ self-reported SB and PA were assessed annually, and trajectory groups were identified using a group-based trajectory model for longitudinal data analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between CVD risk (10-year cumulative incidence) and the trajectories of SB and PA. The adjusted variables included socio-demographic factors, the predisposing diseases of CVD, and baseline health behaviors.
RESULTS
Trajectory analysis identified 4 SB trajectory groups: SB group 1 (low and slightly increasing trend, 53.1%), SB group 2 (high and rapidly decreasing trend, 14.7%), SB group 3 (high and slightly decreasing trend, 9.9%), and SB group 4 (low and rapidly increasing trend, 22.2%). The 3 PA trajectory groups were PA group 1 (moderate and slightly decreasing trend, 32.1%), PA group 2 (low and slightly decreasing trend, 57.3%), and PA group 3 (maintained inactivity, 10.7%). By the 10-year follow-up, 577 cases of incident CVD had occurred. We also noted a 50% reduction in the risk of CVD when SB group 4 was accompanied by PA group 1 (odds ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.28 to 0.90).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite increased time spent in SB, maintaining PA about 2 days to 3 days per week reduced the occurrence of CVD.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effects of physical activity and sedentary behaviors on cardiovascular disease and the risk of all-cause mortality in overweight or obese middle-aged and older adults
    Yongqiang Zhang, Xia Liu
    Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Modulating the Expression of Exercise-induced lncRNAs: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Progression
    Li-Hua Yu, Ge-Lin Zhang
    Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Incidence of edentulism among older adults using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, 2013-2018
Hyeonjeong Go, Eun-Kyong Kim, Hoi-In Jung, Song Vogue Ahn, Hosung Shin, Atsuo Amano, Youn-Hee Choi
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022091.   Published online October 17, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022091
  • 5,212 View
  • 254 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Population aging is rapidly accelerating worldwide. Oral diseases related to aging are also on the rise. This study examined trends in the incidence of edentulism among the older Korean population using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS).
METHODS
Data on older adults, aged ≥75 years of age, were obtained from the KNHIS for the period 2013-2018. Edentulism was defined as a treatment history of complete dentures in the KNHIS database. The exclusion criteria consisted of both disease codes and treatment codes related to conservative dental treatment, including periodontal and extraction treatment afterward. Crude incidence rates (CIRs) and age-standardized incidence rates (AIRs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated and reported per 100,000 person-years by the direct method. Trends were tested by Cochrane Armitage models.
RESULTS
Statistically significant increasing trends in both CIRs and AIRs were found among the older Korean population registered in the KNHIS (CIRs, 707.92 to 895.92; AIRs, 705.11 to 889.68; p<0.01). The incidence tended to increase in both genders (p<0.01). Both CIRs and AIRs in specific regions also showed slight but significant annual increases except for Jeju Island (p<0.01 or <0.05). The incidence showed increasing trends (p<0.01) in all income quintiles apart from the highest quintile. The edentulism incidence was highest in the lowest income group (the first quintile).
CONCLUSIONS
Our data showed that the incidence of edentulism among the elderly showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2018. This result provides a basis for future epidemiological studies on the incidence of edentulism in the older Korean population.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Trend in the Incidence of Severe Partial Edentulism among Adults Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service Claim Data, 2014–2018
    Hyeonjeong Go, Hoi-In Jung, Song Vogue Ahn, Jeonghoon Ahn, Hosung Shin, Atsuo Amano, Youn-Hee Choi
    Yonsei Medical Journal.2024; 65(4): 234.     CrossRef
Association between levels of physical activity and low handgrip strength: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-2019
Hyungsoon Ahn, Hwa Young Choi, Moran Ki
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022027.   Published online February 21, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022027
  • 11,818 View
  • 596 Download
  • 8 Web of Science
  • 9 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to investigate the association between levels of physical activity (PA) and low handgrip strength in Korean adults.
METHODS
Our cross-sectional study design included 24,109 Korean adults older than 19 years of age who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014–2019. Low handgrip strength is described as hand strength less than the cut-off value of the 20th percentile of handgrip strength from a healthy population in each gender and age group. PA was categorized into three levels (inactive, active, and highly active) according to the World Health Organization’s global recommendations on PA for health. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between levels of PA and low handgrip strength.
RESULTS
Odds ratios (ORs) for low handgrip strength were significantly higher in middle-aged women who were active (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15 to 1.69) and inactive (aOR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.76) than in those highly active in walking exercise. Most of older people had significantly higher ORs for low handgrip strength in active compared to highly active in the context of aerobic, muscle strengthening, and walking exercise.
CONCLUSIONS
Walking exercise was associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia in middle-aged women and older individuals. However, further studies are necessary to confirm the causal relationship between levels of PA and low handgrip strength.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 2014-2019년도 자료를 활용하여 한국인 만 19세 이상 건강한 성인을 대상으로 낮은 악력의 기준값을 성별 및 연령그룹별로 도출하고 유산소 운동, 근력 운동, 걷기 운동 수준과 낮은 악력의 연관성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 중년 여성과 노년층에서 걷기 운동이 근감소증 발생의 예방과 연관성이 있음을 알 수 있었다.
Key Message
The association between levels of physical activity and low handgrip strength was different by sex and age groups. For women, walking exercise was associated with low handgrip strength, but not for men. By age groups, muscle strengthening exercise could help prevent sarcopenia in the young population, aerobic exercise has the potential to prevent sarcopenia in middle-aged individuals, and walking exercise could reduce sarcopenia risk in older individuals.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Examining factors contributing to the socioeconomic inequalities in handgrip strength among older adults in India: a decomposition analysis
    Manacy Pai, T. Muhammad
    Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Handgrip Strength and Incident Diabetes in Korean Adults According to Gender: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study
    Sung-Bum Lee, Min-Kyeung Jo, Ji-Eun Moon, Hui-Jeong Lee, Jong-Koo Kim
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(2): 627.     CrossRef
  • Association Between Dietary Fiber Intake and Low Muscle Strength Among Korean Adults
    Sunhye Shin
    Clinical Nutrition Research.2024; 13(1): 33.     CrossRef
  • Do age, gender, and subjective health-related factors influence health-related life satisfaction in people with disabilities who are physically active?: a secondary analysis
    Hyunseok Cho, Sukhee Ahn
    Women's Health Nursing.2024; 30(1): 56.     CrossRef
  • Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and handgrip strength in American adults: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2011-2014)
    Dongzhe Wu, Hao Wang, Wendi Wang, Chang Qing, Weiqiang Zhang, Xiaolin Gao, Yongjin Shi, Yanbin Li, Zicheng Zheng
    Frontiers in Nutrition.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Assessment of dynapenia and undernutrition in primary care, a systematic screening study in community medicine
    Marie Treuil, Meliha Mahmutovic, Paolo Di Patrizio, Phi-Linh Nguyen-Thi, Didier Quilliot
    Clinical Nutrition ESPEN.2023; 57: 561.     CrossRef
  • Water Intake and Handgrip Strength in US Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES 2011–2014 Data
    Dongzhe Wu, Chaoyi Qu, Peng Huang, Xue Geng, Jianhong Zhang, Yulin Shen, Zhijian Rao, Jiexiu Zhao
    Nutrients.2023; 15(20): 4477.     CrossRef
  • Hand Grip Strength, Osteoporosis, and Quality of Life in Middle-Aged and Older Adults
    Hyo Jin Park, Byoungduck Han, So-youn Chang, Seung Ho Kang, Dae Wook Lee, Seok Kang
    Medicina.2023; 59(12): 2148.     CrossRef
  • Lower grip strength and insufficient physical activity can increase depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older European adults: a longitudinal study
    Han Zheng, Qingwen He, Hongyan Xu, Xiaowei Zheng, Yanfang Gu
    BMC Geriatrics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
The predictive value of resting heart rate in identifying undiagnosed diabetes in Korean adults: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Dong-Hyuk Park, Wonhee Cho, Yong-Ho Lee, Sun Ha Jee, Justin Y. Jeon
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022009.   Published online January 3, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022009
  • 11,304 View
  • 411 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was (1) to examine whether the addition of resting heart rate (RHR) to the existing undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (UnDM) prediction model would improve predictability, and (2) to develop and validate UnDM prediction models by using only easily assessable variables such as gender, RHR, age, and waist circumference (WC).
METHODS
Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 data were used to develop the model (model building set, n=19,675), while the data from 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017 were used to validate the model (validation set, n=19,917). UnDM was defined as a fasting glucose level ≥126 mg/dL or glycated hemoglobin ≥6.5%; however, doctors have not diagnosed it. Statistical package for the social sciences logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of UnDM.
RESULTS
RHR, age, and WC were associated with UnDM. When RHR was added to the existing model, sensitivity was reduced (86 vs. 73%), specificity was increased (49 vs. 65%), and a higher Youden index (35 vs. 38) was expressed. When only gender, RHR, age, and WC were used in the model, a sensitivity, specificity, and Youden index of 70%, 67%, and 37, respectively, were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
Adding RHR to the existing UnDM prediction model improved specificity and the Youden index. Furthermore, when the prediction model only used gender, RHR, age, and WC, the outcomes were not inferior to those of the existing prediction model.
Summary
Korean summary
당뇨병 미인지 또는 미진단은 적절한 치료 시작 시기를 늦추고 당뇨병 합병증 발생의 위험을 높이기 때문에, 각국은 당뇨병 예측 모형을 개발하여 당뇨병을 조기에 예측하고, 치료 시기를 앞당기기 위해 노력하고 있다. 본 연구는 기존의 한국인 당뇨병 예측 모형에 안정시심박수를 추가 변수로 포함시켜, 예측 모형의 성능이 일부개선되는 것을 확인하였고, 더 나아가 나이, 허리 둘레, 그리고 안정시심박수를 포함하여 예측 모형을 개발하고, 그 성능을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 간단하게 측정이 가능한 허리 둘레와 안정시심박수 그리고 나이만 포함한 예측 모형이 기존의 예측 모형과 비교해 성능이 열등하지 않은 것을 확인하였다.
Key Message
Higher RHR is associated with increased risk of diabetes. When RHR is added to the Korean undiagnosed diabetes risk score model (Age, Family history of diabetes, Hypertension, Waist circumference, Smoking, Alcohol consumption), the model somewhat increased its predictability of undiagnosed diabetes. Furthermore, the prediction model developed only using age, waist circumference and RHR, which anyone can easily measure or access, had similar predictability to the previous undiagnosed diabetes risk prediction model. The results of this study may help develop future strategies or applications for predicting early undiagnosed diabetes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comparisons of the prediction models for undiagnosed diabetes between machine learning versus traditional statistical methods
    Seong Gyu Choi, Minsuk Oh, Dong–Hyuk Park, Byeongchan Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Sun Ha Jee, Justin Y. Jeon
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors related to undiagnosed diabetes in Korean adults: a secondary data analysis
    Bohyun Kim
    Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2023; 25(4): 295.     CrossRef
Association between weekly fruit and vegetable consumption and depressive symptoms: results from the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel study
Youjeong Yuk, Chae-Rin Han, Yoonyoung Jang, Yun-Chul Hong, Yoon-Jung Choi
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021029.   Published online April 20, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021029
  • 12,308 View
  • 390 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Although previous studies have investigated the correlation between fruit and vegetable consumption and depression, the results remain inconclusive. The present study aimed to investigate the association between weekly fruit and vegetable consumption and depressive symptoms in elderly Koreans.
METHODS
A multiple covariate linear regression analysis was performed using the data of 1,226 elderly individuals ≥ 60 years of age who participated in the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel II study from 2012 to 2014. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Korean version of the Short form Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS-K). Generalized linear mixed-effects models were constructed to analyze the repeated measurements of 305 people who participated in the survey every year.
RESULTS
After adjusting for confounders, SGDS-K scores were negatively associated with the frequency of weekly fruit consumption as follows (β [95% confidence interval; CI]: -0.17 [-0.28 to -0.05], -0.17 [-0.27 to -0.07], -0.42 [-0.54 to 0.29], and -0.33 [-0.44 to -0.21]) for less than 1 time/wk, 1-3 times/wk, 4-6 times/wk, and daily, respectively, compared to no consumption. The SGDS-K scores were also negatively associated with the frequency of vegetable consumption (β [95% CI]: -0.86 [-1.18 to -0.55], -0.18 [-0.35 to -0.01], -0.36 [-0.53 to -0.18], and -0.15 [-0.29 to 0.00]) in the above order, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Fruit consumption was inversely associated with depression levels in a dose-dependent manner. Although there was no dose-response relationship between vegetable consumption and the level of depression, it was negatively associated with SGDS-K scores.
Summary
Korean summary
KEEP-II 데이터를 활용하여 한국 노년층의 주간 과일 및 채소 섭취 빈도와 우울증상 간의 상관관계를 알아보았다. 주중 과일을 섭취하는 빈도와 우울증상의 정도 및 우울증 이환 간에서 음의 상관관계가 있었으며 양반응관계가 나타났다. 채소 섭취 빈도의 경우에는 양반응관계가 나타나지 않았으나 채소 섭취 빈도와 우울증상의 정도 간에 음의 상관관계가 있었다.
Key Message
Weekly fruit consumption frequency was inversely associated with the level of depression in a dose-dependent manner in Korean elderly population who participated in KEEP-II study. Although there was no dose-response relationship between vegetable consumption and the level of depression, vegetable consumption frequency was negatively associated with the level of depression.

Citations

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  • Bidirectional associations between dietary diversity and depressive symptoms in Chinese adult women: A retrospective cohort study
    Xiaoqian Dong, Ying Li, Xingxing Wang, Yinglong Duan, Min Liu, Sha Wang, Xue He, Pingting Yang, Yaqin Wang, Jianfei Xie, Andy S.K. Cheng
    Journal of Affective Disorders.2024; 351: 683.     CrossRef
  • Regional differences in the effects of healthy aging on depressive symptoms: a Korean longitudinal study of aging (2006–2020)
    Soo Jin Kang, Jinseub Hwang, Dohyang Kim, Bongjeong Kim
    Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Neuroprotective Effects of Polyphenols—Polyphenols as an Element of Diet Therapy in Depressive Disorders
    Anna Winiarska-Mieczan, Małgorzata Kwiecień, Karolina Jachimowicz-Rogowska, Janine Donaldson, Ewa Tomaszewska, Ewa Baranowska-Wójcik
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(3): 2258.     CrossRef
  • Genetic and environmental influences on fruit and vegetable consumption and depression in older adults
    Annabel P. Matison, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, Victoria M. Flood, Julian N. Trollor, Vibeke S. Catts, Margaret J. Wright, David Ames, Henry Brodaty, Perminder S. Sachdev, Simone Reppermund, Karen A. Mather
    BMC Geriatrics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Longitudinal correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption with depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in South Africa
    Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer
    BMC Psychology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Relationship between binge drinking experience and suicide attempts in Korean adolescents: based on the 2013 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey
Kyeong Hyang Byeon, Sun Ha Jee, Jae Woong Sull, Bo Young Choi, Heejin Kimm
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018046.   Published online September 26, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018046
  • 13,580 View
  • 184 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 13 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Suicide and drinking problems in adolescents are increasing every year, and it is known that suicide is related to drinking. This study aims to identify the relationship between binge drinking experience (BDE) and suicide attempts in Korean adolescents.
METHODS
The Ninth Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), conducted in 2013, was used for analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the relationship between BDE and suicide attempts, and the relationship between BDE and suicide attempts in middle and high school students was stratified by age.
RESULTS
BDE and suicide attempts were highly related. The odds ratio (OR) of attempted suicide in BDE was 1.63 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28 to 2.09) higher then non-drinking in males. And the OR of attempted suicide in females was 1.21 times (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.37) higher then non-drinking in non-BDE, 1.79 times (95% CI, 1.47 to 2.19) higher in BDE. BDE was associated with suicide attempts in males aged 12 or 13 years (OR, 3.97; 95% CI, 1.57 to 10.03) and in females aged 15 years (OR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.79 to 3.96).
CONCLUSIONS
BDE is an important factor related to suicide attempts in adolescents. In order to reduce suicide attempts, it is necessary to educate the youth about the regulation of BDE and drinking prevention.
Summary

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    Pablo Juan-Salvadores, Luis Mariano de la Torre Fonseca, Antía Lafuente Pérez, Cesar Veiga, José A. González-Nóvoa, Andrés Iñiguez Romo, Francisco Caamaño Isorna, Víctor Alfonso Jiménez Díaz
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    Abel Emigdio-Vargas, Arcadio Morales-Pérez, Elizabeth Nava-Aguilera, Alfonso Dávalos-Martínez, Nubia Blanco-García, Elia Barrera-Rodriguez, Liliana Morales-Nava, Neil Andersson
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    Akram Hernández-Vásquez, Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández, Guido Bendezu-Quispe
    Journal of Affective Disorders.2023; 340: 321.     CrossRef
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    Thaise Queiroz de Melo, Delmilena Maria Ferreira de Aquino, Alisse Maria Chaves de Lima Peixoto, Jonathan Lopes de Lisboa, Raquel Conceição Ferreira, Patricia Maria Pereira de Araújo Zarzar, Viviane Colares, Fabiana de Godoy Bene Bezerra Laureano, Carolin
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    Aniceto Echalico Braza, Jinsoo Jason Kim, Sun Hee Kim
    Journal of Lifestyle Medicine.2022; 12(3): 153.     CrossRef
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    Alessandra Costanza, Stéphane Rothen, Sophia Achab, Gabriel Thorens, Marc Baertschi, Kerstin Weber, Alessandra Canuto, Hélène Richard-Lepouriel, Nader Perroud, Daniele Zullino
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    Soojeong Kim, Jin A Han, Eun-Ji Kim, Soon Young Lee
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2021; 38(2): 15.     CrossRef
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    Ji Won Lee, Bong-Jo Kim, Cheol-Soon Lee, Boseok Cha, So-Jin Lee, Dongyun Lee, Jiyeong Seo, Young-Ji Lee, Youn-Jung Lee, Eunji Lim, Jae-Won Choi
    Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.2021; 32(4): 161.     CrossRef
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    Ji-Su Kim, Yeji Seo
    Archives of Psychiatric Nursing.2020; 34(1): 27.     CrossRef
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    Soo Jung Rim, Min Geu Lee, Subin Park
    Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.2020; 31(1): 33.     CrossRef
  • Associations between Gender, Alcohol Use and Negative Consequences among Korean College Students: A National Study
    Patrick Allen Rose, Hugh Erik Schuckman, Sarah Soyeon Oh, Eun-Cheol Park
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(14): 5192.     CrossRef
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    Jun Su Jung, Sung Jin Park, Eun Young Kim, Kyoung-Sae Na, Young Jae Kim, Kwang Gi Kim, Vincenzo De Luca
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  • Association of alcohol and drug use with use of electronic cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco products among Korean adolescents
    Yeji Lee, Kang-Sook Lee, Hajo Zeeb
    PLOS ONE.2019; 14(7): e0220241.     CrossRef
Factors related to cancer screening behaviors
Boyoung Choi, Tae Rim Um, Kwang-Soo Lee
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018011.   Published online March 29, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018011
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  • 235 Download
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to investigate the factors related to cancer screening behaviors (CSB).
METHODS
The 2014 Korean Community Health Survey used for analysis. The dependent variable was CSB, and the independent variables were demographic, health behavioral, and regional factor. Propensity score matching (PSM) used to control health behavior and regional factors, which were influencing CSB. For statistical analysis, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis used.
RESULTS
Logistic regression analysis after PSM showed that gender, age, marital status, educational level, monthly household income, employment type, alcohol drinking, smoking, body mass index group, chronic disease, and subjective health status influenced the CSB, there were statistical differences.
CONCLUSIONS
To improve cancer screening (CS), it is necessary to educate individuals on the need for CS and to carry out a personalized CS program based on an individual’s demographic status and health behavior.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구의 목적은 암 검진 행태와 관련된 요인들을 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2014년 지역 사회 건강 조사 데이터를 활용하였으며, 건강 검진 행동에 영향을 미치는 건강 행동 및 지역 요인을 통제하기 위해 성향점수매칭 방법을 사용하였고, 통계 분석을 위해 카이 제곱 검정과 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 사용하였다. 성향점수 매칭 후 분석 결과에서 성별, 연령, 결혼 상태, 교육 수준, 월평균 가구 소득, 고용형태, 음주, 흡연, BMI 그룹, 만성 질환, 주관적 건강 상태가 암 검진 수진에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 암 검진 수진을 향상시키기 위해서 암 검진의 필요성에 대한 교육과 개인의 인구사회학적, 건강 행태를 고려한 맞춤형 암 검진 프로그램이 필요하다. 본 연구는 성향점수 매칭을 이용하여 교란요인을 통제한 후 암 검진 수진의 영향을 살펴보았다는 데에 의의가 있다.

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    Jiaxin Liang, Rongrong Yang, Huiying Da, Jiao Wang, Maiwulamujiang Maimaitiyiming, Xiuying Qi, Michelle M. Dunk, Weili Xu
    The Journal of nutrition, health and aging.2024; 28(6): 100225.     CrossRef
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    Myeunghee Han
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    Healthcare.2023; 11(22): 2974.     CrossRef
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    Vasuki Rajaguru, Tae Hyun Kim, Jaeyong Shin, Sang Gyu Lee
    Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Huey-Ming Tzeng, Udoka Okpalauwaekwe, Chih-Ying Li
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    Injeong Ryu, Minji Kwon, Cheongmin Sohn, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert, Woori Na, Mi Kyung Kim
    Nutrients.2019; 11(11): 2560.     CrossRef
Validity analysis on merged and averaged data using within and between analysis: focus on effect of qualitative social capital on self-rated health
Sang soo Shin, Young-jeon Shin
Epidemiol Health. 2016;38:e2016012.   Published online April 8, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016012
  • 18,861 View
  • 166 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
With an increasing number of studies highlighting regional social capital (SC) as a determinant of health, many studies are using multi-level analysis with merged and averaged scores of community residents’ survey responses calculated from community SC data. Sufficient examination is required to validate if the merged and averaged data can represent the community. Therefore, this study analyzes the validity of the selected indicators and their applicability in multi-level analysis.
METHODS
Within and between analysis (WABA) was performed after creating community variables using merged and averaged data of community residents’ responses from the 2013 Community Health Survey in Korea, using subjective self-rated health assessment as a dependent variable. Further analysis was performed following the model suggested by WABA result.
RESULTS
Both E-test results (1) and WABA results (2) revealed that single-level analysis needs to be performed using qualitative SC variable with cluster mean centering. Through single-level multivariate regression analysis, qualitative SC with cluster mean centering showed positive effect on self-rated health (0.054, p<0.001), although there was no substantial difference in comparison to analysis using SC variables without cluster mean centering or multi-level analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
As modification in qualitative SC was larger within the community than between communities, we validate that relational analysis of individual self-rated health can be performed within the group, using cluster mean centering. Other tests besides the WABA can be performed in the future to confirm the validity of using community variables and their applicability in multi-level analysis.
Summary
Korean summary
이 연구는 개인의 주관적 건강감에 미치는 지역 사회 자본의 효과를 보기 위하여 개인 응답치의 합산 평균한 자료를 지역 변인으로 활용하는 것이 타당한지 WABA 를 수행하였다. 분석 결과 다수준 분석을 하는 것이 적절치 않았으며 개인 수준의 사회자본에서 지역 수준의 사회자본을 뺀 값을 단수준 분석에 활용할 것을 제안하였다.

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  • Social capital and physical health: An updated review of the literature for 2007–2018
    Justin Rodgers, Anna V. Valuev, Yulin Hswen, S.V. Subramanian
    Social Science & Medicine.2019; 236: 112360.     CrossRef
  • Kennedy’s disease 1234 scale: Preliminary design and test
    Ming Lu, Haixiao Guo, Dongsheng Fan
    Journal of Clinical Neuroscience.2017; 40: 185.     CrossRef
Comparison of Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Between Korean Emigrants and Host Country Residents in Japan and China-The Korean Emigrant Study
Myung-Hee Shin, Mi Kyung Kim, Zhong Min Li, Hyun-Kyung Oh, Soo Ryang Kim, Miyuki Taniguchi, Jinnv Fang
Epidemiol Health. 2010;32:e2010005.   Published online May 7, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2010005
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
<sec><title>OBJECTIVES</title><p>This study aims to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between Korean emigrants (KEs) and their host country residents in Japan and China.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS</title><p>The Korean Emigrant Study (KES) is a cohort study initiated in 2005 to elucidate the effect of genetic susceptibility and environmental change on hypertension, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Equal numbers of KEs and host country residents, aged 30 or over, were recruited from three regions; Kobe-Osaka in Japan (total number=965), Yanbian in China (n=1,019), and Changchun in China (n=949).</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>The age-adjusted prevalences of metabolic syndrome among KEs in Kobe-Osaka were significantly higher than those among Japanese (in men 24.0% vs. 15.6%, p=0.04, in women 8.4% vs. 2.7%, p=0.01), while the age-adjusted prevalences among KEs in Changchun were similar to those among Chinese (in men 11.7% vs. 16.1%, p=0.37, in women 28.3% vs. 30.1%, p=0.91). The age-adjusted prevalences were generally higher in Yanbian than other regions, and KEs had higher prevalence than Chinese in men but not in women (in men 37.9% vs. 28.3%, p=0.03, women 46.0% vs. 50.6%, p=0.44). The components with significant ethnic differences in prevalence were high blood pressure and abdominal obesity in Japan, and triglyceride in China. The most influential component in diagnosing metabolic syndrome was abdominal obesity in men and triglyceride in women.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in KEs than in host country residents in Japan but not in China. Abdominal obesity and triglyceride are both discriminating and influential components in metabolic syndrome.</p></sec>
Summary

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  • New Common and Rare Variants Influencing Metabolic Syndrome and Its Individual Components in a Korean Population
    Ho-Sun Lee, Yongkang Kim, Taesung Park
    Scientific Reports.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cohort Profile: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) Consortium
    Yeonjung Kim, Bok-Ghee Han
    International Journal of Epidemiology.2017; 46(2): e20.     CrossRef
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    Hyeonkyeong Lee, Sunghye Cho, Yune Kyong Kim, Jung Hee Kim
    Workplace Health & Safety.2016; 64(8): 350.     CrossRef
  • Coffee Intake and Liver Enzyme Association in Korean Immigrants and Japanese: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Study
    Soo Ki Kim, Myung-Hee Shin, Kayo Sugimoto, Soo Ryang Kim, Susumu Imoto, Ke Ih Kim, Miyuki Taniguchi, Hyun-Kyung Oh, Yoshihiko Yano, Yoshitake Hayashi, Masatoshi Kudo
    Digestive Diseases.2016; 34(6): 665.     CrossRef
Relationship Between Earlobe Crease and Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Non-hypertensive, Non-diabetic Adults in Korea
Sang In Choi, Hee Cheol Kang, Choon Ok Kim, Seung Beom Lee, Won Ju Hwang, Dae Ryong Kang
Epidemiol Health. 2009;31:e2009002.   Published online October 12, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2009002
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  • 12 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
<sec><title>OBJECTIVES</title><p>Several studies have found a significant association between the presence of earlobe crease (ELC) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) is a non-invasive and useful measure of arterial stiffness predicting cardiovascular events and mortality. However, few studies have reported the relationship between ELC and baPWV as a new measure of arterial stiffness. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ELC is related to baPWV in non-diabetic, non-hypertensive, and apparently healthy Korean adults.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS</title><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 573 non-hypertensive, non-diabetic Korean adults aged 20-80 yr. Subjects were stratified into three groups according to gender and menopausal status. baPWV was measured by an automatic waveform analyser. The association between ELC and baPWV was assessed by multiple linear regression analysis after adjusting for conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors including age, gender, blood pressure, lipid profile, and smoking status etc.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>The overall frequency of ELC was 19.02% and the subjects with ELC showed significantly higher mean baPWV (p<0.0001). Multiple linear regression of subjects revealed that the presence of ELC was independently associated with baPWV (male, p<0.0001; premenopausal female p=0.0162; postmenopausal female p=0.0208).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>ELC had a significant correlation with baPWV, independently controlling for other classical cardiovascular risk factors in adults aged 20 yr or older. ELC is an important surrogate marker of increased arterial stiffness as measured by baPWV in Korean adults.</p></sec>
Summary

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  • Diagonal earlobe crease and long-term survival after myocardial infarction
    Christian Thilo, Christine Meisinger, Margit Heier, Wolfgang von Scheidt, Inge Kirchberger
    BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Da-Hye Son, Hye Sun Lee, Yong-Jae Lee
    Atherosclerosis.2020; 292: 188.     CrossRef
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    Saleh Nazzal, Arnon Blum
    Southern Medical Journal.2018; 111(8): 504.     CrossRef
  • Reevaluation of the earlobe types in Koreans
    K.E. Kim, W.J. Song, D.K. Kim
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    Omar Raheem Khalaf AL-Obaidi, Rasha Abduladheem Yaseen
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  • Prevalence of Earlobe Creases and Their Association With History of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Cross‐Sectional Study
    Minako Wakasugi, Junichiro James Kazama, Kazuko Kawamura, Suguru Yamamoto, Masaaki Nagai, Kentaro Omori, Saori Yokota, Hirokazu Fujikawa, Ikuo Aoike, Tsukasa Omori, Ichiei Narita
    Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis.2017; 21(5): 478.     CrossRef
  • Diagonal Earlobe Crease is a Visible Sign for Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Amyloid-β
    Jin San Lee, Seongbeom Park, Hee Jin Kim, Yeshin Kim, Hyemin Jang, Ko Woon Kim, Hak Young Rhee, Sung Sang Yoon, Kyoung Jin Hwang, Key-Chung Park, Seung Hwan Moon, Sung Tae Kim, Samuel N. Lockhart, Duk L. Na, Sang Won Seo
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    Xing-li Wu, Ding-you Yang, Yu-sheng Zhao, Wen-hui Chai, Ming-lei Jin
    BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Earlobe Crease May Provide Predictive Information on Asymptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease in Patients Clinically Free of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease
    Levent Korkmaz, Mustafa Tarık Ağaç, Zeydin Acar, Hakan Erkan, Ismail Gurbak, Ibrahim Halil Kurt, Huseyin Bektas, Erdinc Pelit, Ayca Ata Korkmaz, Şükrü Çelik
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  • Association Between Earlobe Crease and the Metabolic Syndrome in a Cross-sectional Study
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Changes of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroprevalence in Korea, 1998-2005.
Seunghee Jeong, Hyeon Woo Yim, Si Hyun Bae, Won Chul Lee
Korean J Epidemiol. 2008;30(1):119-127.   Published online June 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/kje.2008.30.1.119
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate of HBsAg and the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection from 1998 to 2005. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data of 1998, 2001 and 2005 were analyzed.
METHOD
Study population was consisted of 24,093, aged 10 year or over who performed NHANES self reported surveys and blood tests. Statistical analysis was performed by age, sex, and the year of survey. Also the prevalence of HBsAg was compared by self reported family history of liver disease.
RESULTS
The prevalence rate of HBsAg was reduced from 4.5% in 1998 to 3.7% in 2005. Also age-specific prevalence rate of HBsAg was significantly decreased in persons born after introduction of the hepatitis B virus vaccination. HBsAg seropositivity was slightly higher in male than in female. Among the people with the family history of liver diseases, the risk of HBsAg seropositive was much higher than those without. Study subjects with mother's liver disease history showed much higher HBsAg serepositive rate. Although after the implementation of hepatitis B virus vaccination program prevalence of HBsAg decreased, but persons with history of liver disease showed still higher rate Of HBsAg seropositive rate.
CONCLUSION
Although the introduction of the HBV vaccination program has resulted in a decline of HBV infection, the family history of liver diseases was still an important factor for transmission of HBV in Korea. In addition to the mother-to-child transmission prevention program from 2002, it might be advisable to introduce a screening program for persons with family history of liver diseases for further reduction of HBV infection.
Summary

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    Ramin Yaghobi, Marjan Shaheli, Abbasali Rezaeian, Mahdiyar Iravani Saadi, Mani Ramzi
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    Journal of Medical Case Reports.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Ban Seok Lee
    World Journal of Gastroenterology.2015; 21(2): 502.     CrossRef
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    Tae-Heum Chung, Moon-Chan Kim, Chang-Sup Kim
    Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2014; 35(2): 81.     CrossRef
  • Lamivudine prophylaxis for hepatitis B virus carrier patients with breast cancer during adjuvant chemotherapy
    Hyun Jung Lee, Dae Young Kim, Bhumsuk Keam, Jeong Hoon Lee, Sae-Won Han, Do-Youn Oh, Jung Hwan Yoon, Tae-You Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Keun Wook Lee, Jin-Wook Kim, Sook-Hyang Jeong, Jong Seok Lee, Jee Hyun Kim, Seock-Ah Im
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    Hye Young Lee, Gi Cheol Park, Mi Kyung Kim, Oh Kyung Lee
    Korean Journal of Perinatology.2013; 24(3): 168.     CrossRef
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    Yoo-Kyung Cho, Byung-Cheol Song
    Korean Journal of Medicine.2012; 82(2): 123.     CrossRef
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    Eunsin Bae, Chang-Hun Park, Chang-Seok Ki, Sung-Joo Kim, Wooseong Huh, Ha-Young Oh, Eun-Suk Kang
    Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases.2012; 44(10): 788.     CrossRef
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    Jung Oak Kang
    Hanyang Medical Reviews.2011; 31(3): 200.     CrossRef
  • Predictors of HBsAg Seroclearance in HBeAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B Patients
    Min-Sun Kwak, Eun-Ju Cho, Eun-Sun Jang, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Su Jong Yu, Yoon Jun Kim, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Hyo-Suk Lee
    Digestion.2011; 84(s1): 23.     CrossRef
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    The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2011; 57(3): 144.     CrossRef
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Normal Value for Serum Homocysteine and the Prevalence of Hyperhomocysteinemia in a Rural Population.
Jeong Uk Kim, Hyun Ja Kim, Bo Youl Choi
Korean J Epidemiol. 2008;30(1):100-109.   Published online June 30, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/kje.2008.30.1.100
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
PURPOSE
Homocysteine is a known independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and its blood levels are influenced by several factors such as race, diet, and lifestyle, so on. Considering these factors, the normal value for total homocysteine has not been determined in Korea. The objective of this study is to establish the normal value for serum total homocysteine and elucidate the prevalence rate of hyperhomocysteinemia by gender and age. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Among the participants of a community-based cohort study conducted in Yangpyeong province, 889 subjects were measured the biochemical analytes including homocysteine. Those who had the medical histories of angina, myocardial infarction and/orstroke, those who had low levels of folate and/or vitamin B12 and those who had high creatinine level were excluded. Finally, 506 subjects were selected as the reference population. A normal value was established with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute C28-A2 protocol.
RESULTS
Homocysteine concentrations of total 889 population and 506 reference population were 10.3+/-5.7 micromol/L (1.9 ~ 93.9 micromol/L) and 8.8+/-2.5 micromol/L (4.3 ~ 21.4 micromol/L), respectively. Homocysteine level was significantly higher in men compared to women (P<0.001) and was significantly increased with age. Normal values were 6.7~15.3micromol/L for men and 5.2~12.7 micromol/L for women. With the normal values, the prevalence rates of hyperhomocysteinemia were 13.3% for men and 8.5% for women in total 889 population. The prevalence rate was highest for individuals aged 60 years or older.
CONCLUSIONS
These data on homocysteine concentrations are similar to from different countries. The established normal value might be used to evaluate quantitatively the risk for hyperhomocysteinemia.
Summary

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  • Major Determinants of Serum Homocysteine Concentrations in a Korean Population
    Hyun Ja Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, Jeong Uk Kim, Hun Young Ha, Bo Youl Choi
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(4): 509.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Hyperhomocysteinemia and Related Factors in a Community-based Health Examination Survey: A Cross-sectional Study
    Soo Jeong Kim, Kyung Sook Lim, Mi Sook Song, Yeonji Kang, Soon Young Lee
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The Current Status and the Perspectives of Nutrition Survey.
Mi Kyung Kim, Kirang Kim, Cho Il Kim, Kyungwon Oh, Yoo Jin Oh, Bo Youl Choi
Korean J Epidemiol. 2007;29(2):111-128.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a nationwide health survey in Korea. This survey is composed of three parts: the Health Interview Survey, the Health Examination Survey, and the Nutrition Survey. The aim of this study was to refine the nutrition survey system in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Based on the literature review, we summarized international survey systems and the limitations of the current system in Korea and proposed an improved system. We suggested the following: 1) A government agency which will be exclusively responsible for KNHANES overall is needed. 2) The current short-term nutrition survey should be a year-round survey. 3) The objectives of this survey should be written with more clarity and detail. 4) Biochemical measures in relation to nutritional status should be added. 5) The budget to set up various databases in the nutrition survey should be increased. 6) Various other issues should be addressed, including the definition of raw data (i.e., whether nutrient intake data per day is raw data), ethical issues in survey techniques, and strategies to produce evidence for the public using this survey data. Not all suggestions could be adopted in the short-term, but should be integrated into long-term goals for survey system improvement.
Summary
The Menstrual, Reproductive, and Lactational Factors and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Korea: A Population Based Case-Control Study.
Myung Hee Shin, Jung Hyun Yang, Kuk Jin Choi, Yoon Ok Ahn
Korean J Epidemiol. 2000;22(1):68-68.
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Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the risk of breast cancer by menstrual, reproductive, and lactational factors in Korean women. A total of 210 women living in Seoul aged 30 to 60 with a first diagnosis of breast cancer from 2 teaching hospitals in Seoul, and 249 control subjects, randomly selected from the female pensioners of Korean Medical Insurance Company living in Seoul were interviewed. There was a increasing risk with the decrease of age at menarche, and the adjusted odds ratio(OR) of early menarche(age 14 years or less compared with over 17 years) was 1.61(95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.95-2.74). The longer the interval between menarche and regular menstruation, the less risk of breast cancer(OR=0.31, 95% CI: 0.16-0.60). The effect of these menarche factors were more prominent among premenopausal women. The adjusted OR for the second category(25-29 years old) of the age at first pregnancy and the age at the first full term pregnancy, compared to the reference category( 24 years old), were 0.52(95% CI: 0.30-0.92) and 0.58(95% CI: 0.32-1.06), respectively. The late age at the last full term pregnancy had significant protective effect (OR=0.29, 95% CI: 0.10-0.88), and the age itself was important rather than the interval between the first and last full term pregnancy. Factors related to breast feeding(BF) had protective effect consistently. Among parous women, in referent to no BF, women with 1 year of BF had adjusted OR of 0.34(95% CI: 0.17-0.68), while those with 1-3 years of BF had 0.35(95% CI: 0.18-0.67), 3-5 years had 0.29(95% CI: 0.12-0.74), and more than 5 years had 0.06(95% CI: 0.02-0.17). Age at menarche with regular cycle have stronger effect on especially pre-menopausal breast cancer among Korean women. Recent increase in breast cancer incidence in Korea would be explained by delayed age at first pregnancy or delivery, earlier age at menarche and last delivery, and decrease in brest feeding.
Summary
Epidemiol Health : Epidemiology and Health
© Korean Society of Epidemiology.