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1Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4Hypertension Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
5Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
6Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
©2018, Korean Society of Epidemiology
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Variables | Total | Women | Men | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | 39.53±15.74 | 39.45±15.56 | 39.61±15.90 | 0.81 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.74±4.75 | 27.09±5.18 | 26.41±4.28 | <0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 117.77±15.81 | 112.37±16.25 | 122.8±13.59 | <0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 72.21±10.20 | 68.78±9.67 | 75.41±9.62 | <0.001 |
Years of education (yr) | <0.001 |
|||
0-5 | 249 (24.5) | 147 (13.5) | ||
6-12 | 472 (46.4) | 499 (45.8) | ||
>12 | 296 (29.1) | 444 (40.7) | ||
Marital status | <0.001 |
|||
Single | 148 (14.5) | 288 (26.4) | ||
Married | 788 (77.5) | 789 (72.4) | ||
Separated/widow | 81 (8.0) | 13 (1.2) | ||
Occupation | <0.001 |
|||
Employed | 110 (10.8) | 752 (69.0) | ||
Unemployed | 7 (0.7) | 28 (2.5) | ||
Homemaker | 769 (75.6) | 0 (0.0) | ||
Student | 113 (11.1) | 125 (11.5) | ||
Retired | 18 (1.8) | 185 (17.0) | ||
Economic status | 0.19 | |||
Poor | 431 (42.4) | 494 (45.3) | ||
Moderate | 463 (45.5) | 453 (41.6) | ||
Good | 123 (12.1) | 143 (13.1) | ||
Diabetes | 0.10 | |||
Yes | 99 (9.7) | 88 (8.1) | ||
No | 918 (90.3) | 1,002 (91.9) | ||
Hyperlipidemia | 0.06 | |||
Yes | 177 (17.4) | 162 (14.9) | ||
No | 840 (82.6) | 928 (85.1) |
Risk factors for CVD | Non-hypertensive (n=1,743) | Hypertensive (n= 364) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | 35.84±13.28 | 57.21±14.51 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m |
26.24±4.69 | 29.10±4.26 | <0.001 |
Gender | 0.04 |
||
Women | 859 (84.5) | 158 (15.5) | |
Men | 884 (81.1) | 206 (18.9) | |
Diabetes | <0.001 |
||
Yes | 89 (47.6) | 98 (52.4) | |
No | 1,654 (86.1) | 266 (13.9) | |
Hyperlipidemia | <0.001 |
||
Yes | 194 (57.2) | 145 (42.8) | |
No | 1,549 (87.6) | 219 (12.4) | |
Family history of hypertension | <0.001 |
||
Yes | 1,108 (80.0) | 277 (20.0) | |
No | 635 (88.0) | 87 (12.0) | |
Current smoking | 1.00 |
||
Yes | 158 (82.7) | 33 (17.3) | |
No | 1,585 (82.7) | 331 (17.3) | |
Having a stressful life | 0. 48 |
||
Yes | 1,351 (83.0) | 276 (17.0) | |
No | 392 (81.7) | 88 (18.3) |
Age (yr) | Total | HTN |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Women | Men | p-value |
||
Total | 2,107 (100.0) | 364 (17.3) | 158 (15.5) | 206 (18.9) | 0.01 |
18-29 | 718 (34.1) | 26 (3.6) | 1 (0.3) | 25 (6.8) | <0.001 |
30-39 | 486 (23.1) | 18 (3.7) | 2 (0.9) | 16 (6.3) | 0.001 |
40-49 | 347 (16.5) | 56 (16.1) | 27 (15.8) | 29 (16.5) | 0.86 |
50-59 | 280 (13.3) | 91 (32.5) | 42 (31.1) | 49 (33.8) | 0.63 |
60-69 | 155 (7.4) | 88 (56.8) | 42 (57.5) | 46 (56.1) | 0.86 |
≥70 | 121 (5.7) | 85 (70.2) | 44 (78.6) | 41 (63.1) | 0.06 |
p-value |
<0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Age (yr) | Awareness |
Pharmacological treatment |
HTN control |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | |
Total | 252 (69.2) | 112 (30.8) | 231 (92.4) | 19 (7.6) | 151 (59.9) | 101 (40.1) |
18-29 | 2 (7.7) | 24 (92.3) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) |
30-39 | 7 (38.9) | 11 (61.1) | 5 (71.4) | 2 (28.6) | 4 (57.1) | 3 (42.9) |
40-49 | 38 (67.9) | 18 (32.1) | 34 (89.5) | 4 (10.5) | 27 (71.1) | 11 (28.9) |
50-59 | 68 (74.7) | 23 (25.3) | 61 (91.0) | 6 (9.0) | 40 (58.8) | 28 (41.2) |
60-69 | 68 (77.3) | 20 (22.7) | 64 (94.1) | 4 (5.9) | 43 (63.2) | 25 (36.8) |
≥70 | 69 (81.2) | 16 (18.8) | 66 (97.1) | 2 (2.9) | 36 (52.2) | 33 (47.8) |
p-value |
<0.001 | 0.03 | 0.53 |
Variables | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
---|---|---|
Age (yr) | 1.10 (1.08, 1.12) | <0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 1.10 (1.06, 1.15) | <0.001 |
Gender (women) | 3.55 (1.86, 6.78) | 0.82 |
Diabetes (yes) | 2.07 (1.36, 3.15) | 0.001 |
Hyperlipidemia (yes) | 2.05 (1.42, 2.95) | <0.001 |
Smoking (yes) | 0.90 (0.50, 1.61) | 0.72 |
Family history of hypertension (yes) | 2.68 (1.85, 3.90) | <0.001 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%). BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure. p-values of the independent t-test. p-values of the chi-square test.
CVD, cardiovascular disease; BMI, body mass index. p-values of the independent t-test. p-values of the chi-square test.
Values are presented as number (%). p-values of the the binomial test. p-values of the chi-square test.
Values are presented as number (%). HTN, hypertension. p-values of the chi-square test.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.