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Health statistics Changes in food and nutrient intakes in Korean adults before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic : data from the 2011-2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Kyungwon Oh2orcid , Suyeon Park2orcid , Sihyun Park2orcid , Sungha Yun2orcid , Hongseok Choi3orcid , Eun Kyeong Jeong1orcid
Epidemiol Health 2022;e2023015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023015 [Accepted]
Published online: February 1, 2023
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1Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Public Health Care Headquarters, Seongnam, Korea
2Division of Health and Nutrition Survey and Analysis, Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea, Cheongju, Korea
3Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea, Cheongju, Korea
Corresponding author:  Eun Kyeong Jeong,
Email: jeong68@hanmail.net
Received: 29 September 2022   • Revised: 4 November 2022   • Accepted: 9 November 2022
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Abstract

Objectives
This study was to examine the changes in dietary habits and food and nutrient intakes between before (2019) and during (2020) the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).
Methods
A total of 54,995 participants aged ≥19 years who participated in the 2011-2020 KNHANES were included. The 10-year trend (2011-2020) and differences between 2019 and 2020 for dietary habits and food and nutrient intakes were estimated using SAS.
Results
In the past 10 years (2011–2020), the dietary habits (increase in skipping meals and eating out), food intake (increase in meats and decrease in fruits and vegetables), and nutrient intake (increase in fat and decrease in sodium) in adults have changed. When comparing between 2019 and 2020, there were 4.6%p decrease in the eating out more than once a day. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the intakes of food, energy and most of nutrients between 2019 and 2020, except for the proportion of energy intake from fat (1%p increase) and carbohydrate (1%p decrease).
Conclusions
Although a change in dietary habits from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic was observed, food and nutrient intakes have not deteriorated markedly and appear similar to the trends in the past 10 years. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to monitor the effects of changes in dietary habits on health as well as food and nutrient intakes.

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