2. Gasteiger N, Vedhara K, Massey A, Jia R, Ayling K, Chalder T, et al. Depression, anxiety and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from a New Zealand cohort study on mental well-being. BMJ Open 2021;11:e045325.
8. Calvano C, Engelke L, Di Bella J, Kindermann J, Renneberg B, Winter SM. Families in the COVID-19 pandemic: parental stress, parent mental health and the occurrence of adverse childhood experiences-results of a representative survey in Germany. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021;doi:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01739-0.
9. Gadermann AC, Thomson KC, Richardson CG, Gagné M, McAuliffe C, Hirani S, et al. Examining the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on family mental health in Canada: findings from a national cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021;11:e042871.
11. Jang SN, Kawachi I, Chang J, Boo K, Shin HG, Lee H, et al. Marital status, gender, and depression: analysis of the baseline survey of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). Soc Sci Med 2009;69:1608-1615.
13. McMillan D, Gilbody S, Richards D. Defining successful treatment outcome in depression using the PHQ-9: a comparison of methods. J Affect Disord 2010;127:122-129.
14. Cassin S, Sockalingam S, Hawa R, Wnuk S, Royal S, Taube-Schiff M, et al. Psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) as a depression screening tool for bariatric surgery candidates. Psychosomatics 2013;54:352-358.
17. Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Löwe B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:1092-1097.
18. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav 1983;24:385-396.
19. Lee EH, Chung BY, Suh CH, Jung JY. Korean versions of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14, 10 and 4): psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic disease. Scand J Caring Sci 2015;29:183-192.
22. Hong JW, Noh JH, Kim DJ. The prevalence of and factors associated with depressive symptoms in the Korean adults: the 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021;56:659-670.
23. Kessler RC. Epidemiology of women and depression. J Affect Disord 2003;74:5-13.
25. Horwitz AV, White HR, Howell-White S. Becoming married and mental health: a longitudinal study of a cohort of young adults. J Marriage Fam 1996;58:895-907.
26. Shapiro A, Keyes CL. Marital status and social well-being: are the married always better off? Soc Indic Res 2008;88:329-346.
27. Dean DJ, Tso IF, Giersch A, Lee HS, Baxter T, Griffith T, et al. Crosscultural comparisons of psychosocial distress in the USA, South Korea, France, and Hong Kong during the initial phase of COVID-19. Psychiatry Res 2021;295:113593.
28. Horesh D, Kapel Lev-Ari R, Hasson-Ohayon I. Risk factors for psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel: loneliness, age, gender, and health status play an important role. Br J Health Psychol 2020;25:925-933.
30. Holt-Lunstad J, Birmingham W, Jones BQ. Is there something unique about marriage? The relative impact of marital status, relationship quality, and network social support on ambulatory blood pressure and mental health. Ann Behav Med 2008;35:239-244.
31. Bülow A, Keijsers L, Boele S, van Roekel E, Denissen JJ. Parenting adolescents in times of a pandemic: changes in relationship quality, autonomy support, and parental control? Dev Psychol 2021;57:1582-1596.
32. Beland LP, Brodeur A, Haddad J, Mikola D. Determinants of family stress and domestic violence: lessons from the COVID-19 outbreak. Can Public Policy 2021;47:439-459.
33. Pirkis J, John A, Shin S, DelPozo-Banos M, Arya V, Analuisa-Aguilar P, et al. Suicide trends in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time-series analysis of preliminary data from 21 countries. Lancet Psychiatry 2021;8:579-588.
34. Lee HS, Dean D, Baxter T, Griffith T, Park S. Deterioration of mental health despite successful control of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. Psychiatry Res 2021;295:113570.
35. Hlatshwako TG, Shah SJ, Kosana P, Adebayo E, Hendriks J, Larsson EC, et al. Online health survey research during COVID-19. Lancet Digit Health 2021;3:e76. -e77.