Socio-demographic, lifestyle, medical history, health and work-related measurements and tools |
Socio-demographic characteristics |
Age, gender, ethnicity, occupation, nationality, marital status, monthly income, and housing |
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Alcohol consumption and smoking |
WHO STEPS questionnaire [26] |
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Diet |
FFQ adapted from the FFQ used in the National Population Health Survey, Singa- pore [23] |
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Physical activity and sedentary behaviour |
Global Physical Activity Questionnaire [27] |
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Steps, distance, calories, heart rate, and sleep duration with Fitbit Charge 2 (Fitbit Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA) |
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Sleep quality |
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [28] |
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Comorbidities |
History of high cholesterol, diabetes, stroke, coronary heart disease, mental health disorders, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, asthma, and allergy |
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Medication use |
Regular use of medications and supplements |
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Family history |
Family history of high cholesterol, diabetes, coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension |
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Work-related characteristics |
Work location (aboveground or underground workspace), presence of a window, no. of work hr/d, shift work, duration of employment in the current company, and job type (office, control room, or workshop) |
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Health-related quality of life |
36-item Short Form Health Survey [29] |
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Stress |
Likert scale (4-point) on experiences of stress at work, at home, and financial stress [35] |
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Psychological distress |
General Health Questionnaire-12 [30] |
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Circadian rhythm (light exposure and locomotor activity) |
Mesor, amplitude, acrophase, intracycle variability, interdaily stability, and relative amplitude (Actiwatch Spectrum Plus, Phillips Respironics, Bend, OR, USA) |
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Chronotype |
Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire [31] |
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Sick building syndrome |
11-item questionnaire [32] |
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Anthropometric and clinical measurements and tools |
Weight |
Seca digital scale (Seca 874, Seca GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) |
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Height |
Seca stadiometer (Seca 217, Seca GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) |
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Waist and hip circumference |
Seca measuring tape (Seca 201, Seca GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) |
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BP |
Digital BP monitor (Dinamap Pro100V2 Criticon, Norderstedt, Germany) |
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Blood tests (pathology) |
Fasting plasma glucose, lipids, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D |
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Urine tests (pathology) |
Melatonin (6-sulphatoxymelatonin) |
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Spirometry |
Forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity with Easy-on PC Spirometer (ndd, Zurich, Switzerland) |
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Indoor environmental quality measurements and tools |
Light exposure |
Lux (AvaSpec-ULS2048L StarLine Versatile Fiber-optic Spectrometer, The Netherlands) |
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Dominant wavelength (AvaSpec-ULS2048L StarLine Versatile Fiber-optic Spectrometer, The Netherlands) |
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Lux (Actiwatch Spectrum Plus, Phillips Respironics, Bend, OR, USA) |
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Self-perceived environmental quality |
European project OFFICAIR questionnaire covering thermal comfort, variation in temperature, air movement, noise, light, and vibration [33] |
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PM |
PM1, PM2.5, PM4, and PM10 (DustTrak DRX Model 8533EP, TSI, Shoreview, MN, USA) |
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Thermal comfort |
Predicted percentage dissatisfied, predicted mean vote, temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide with a thermal comfort meter (Testo 480, Lenzkirch, Germany) |
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Bacterial and fungal counts |
Single-stage microbial viable impactor sampling using Surface Air System |
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