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The prevalence of Q fever in the Eastern Mediterranean region: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Mozhgan Ahmadinezhad, leila mounesan, Amin Doostiirani, Manijeh Yousefi Behzadi
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Epidemiol Health. 2022;e2022097. Published online October 28, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022097
[Accepted]
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 Abstract
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Abstract
Objectives
Q fever is a main zoonotic disease around the world. This disease is common in the eastern mediterranean region, so we conducted for the first time a systematic review and meta-analysis between humans and animals and ticks in the Eastern Mediterranean region.
Methods Major national and international databases were searched from 2000 up to 2021. We extracted the prevalence of Q fever in blood sample in animal, milk sample in animal, tick and human as the main outcome. We reported the prevalence of the seropositivity as point and 95% confidence intervals.
Results In this review, 112 papers were identified. The overall seroprevalence Q fever was 23.42 (95% CI 20.3–26.21).The pooled seroprevalence of Q fever in tick was 42.44% ( 95% CI: 21.13- 63.75%). The prevalence was 25.54%( 95% CI: 16.15-34.92%) in human. The prevalence of Q fever in animal blood samples such as goat, sheep, camel, cattle, dog, cat, buffalo and horse were 28.05%, 25.10%, 25.04%, 19.52 %, 8.45%, 9.80%, 6.33%, 6.51% respectively. Also, the prevalence of Q fever in milk samples of animals was higher in cattle 21.41% than sheep 18.69% and goat 13.85% and camel 3.38%.
Conclusions Coxiella burnetii infections are common in human and in a wide range of animal populations but they are still not recognized in many countries in the eastern mediterranean region, thus presenting a significant threat to human and animal health in the region.
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Summary
Korean summary
Key Message
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