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Combined effect of anemia and chronic rhinitis on hearing loss in Korean adults: a nationwide observational study
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Yeong Jun Ju, Woorim Kim, Jina Han, Soon Young Lee
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Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024063. Published online July 15, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2024063
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Studies have suggested an association between hearing loss and anemia. Hearing loss has also been linked to rhinitis, which is characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes and sinus mucosa. Few studies have concurrently explored the relationships between hearing loss, anemia, and rhinitis. This study was conducted to investigate the association between hearing loss and anemia and to further analyze the potential role of rhinitis in this relationship.
METHODS Data were collected from the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Hearing loss was measured with an audiometer in a soundproof booth and was defined as at least moderate impairment (as indicated by a pure-tone average of ≥41 dB in the better-hearing ear). The association between hearing loss and anemia was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. The combined effect of anemia and rhinitis on hearing loss was assessed with an interaction term.
RESULTS Among the 2,772 participants, 477 (17.2%) exhibited hearing loss. Participants with anemia were more likely to experience hearing loss than those without anemia (odds ratio [OR], 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 2.33). Furthermore, the odds of hearing loss were greater in participants with both anemia and rhinitis (OR, 3.79; 95% CI, 1.93 to 7.43) relative to those without either condition.
CONCLUSIONS Anemia was associated with hearing loss in individuals aged 40 years and older. Based on the analysis of combined effects, participants with anemia and chronic rhinitis were more likely to experience hearing loss than individuals without these conditions.
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Summary
Korean summary
빈혈은 흔하고 잠재적으로 가역적인 상태이기 때문에, 이 연관성을 검토하는 것은 조기 및 효과적인 중재의 새로운 기회를 제시할 수 있습니다. 이 연구는 빈혈과 청력 손실 사이의 연관성을 평가하고, 이 관계에서 비염의 역할을 추가적으로 조사하는 것을 목표로 하였습니다. 연구 결과, 빈혈이 있는 개인들은 청력 손실을 겪을 가능성이 더 높다는 것이 확인되었으며, 특히 비염을 동시에 겪고 있는 경우에 두드러지게 나타났습니다. 이를 바탕으로, 청력 손실과 관련된 공중보건 문제를 해결하는 데 있어 빈혈과 비염의 효과적인 관리의 필요성을 강조합니다.
Key Message
Given that anemia is a prevalent and potentially reversible condition, examining this correlation could present novel opportunities for early and effective intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the association between anemia and hearing impairment, while further investigating the role of rhinitis in this relationship. Our findings indicated that individuals with anemia had a higher likelihood of experiencing hearing loss, particularly among those simultaneously affected by chronic rhinitis. Therefore, we emphasize the critical need for effective management of both anemia and rhinitis in addressing public health challenges related to hearing impairment.
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Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and cardiovascular disease risk in Korea: a trajectory analysis
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Jina Han, Yeong Jun Ju, Soon Young Lee
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Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023028. Published online February 22, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023028
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9,035
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To identify the distinct trajectories of sedentary behavior (SB) and explore whether reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk was associated with a distinct trajectory of physical activity (PA).
METHODS We analyzed data from 6,425 people who participated in the Korean Health Panel Survey over a period of 10 years. The participants’ self-reported SB and PA were assessed annually, and trajectory groups were identified using a group-based trajectory model for longitudinal data analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between CVD risk (10-year cumulative incidence) and the trajectories of SB and PA. The adjusted variables included socio-demographic factors, the predisposing diseases of CVD, and baseline health behaviors.
RESULTS Trajectory analysis identified 4 SB trajectory groups: SB group 1 (low and slightly increasing trend, 53.1%), SB group 2 (high and rapidly decreasing trend, 14.7%), SB group 3 (high and slightly decreasing trend, 9.9%), and SB group 4 (low and rapidly increasing trend, 22.2%). The 3 PA trajectory groups were PA group 1 (moderate and slightly decreasing trend, 32.1%), PA group 2 (low and slightly decreasing trend, 57.3%), and PA group 3 (maintained inactivity, 10.7%). By the 10-year follow-up, 577 cases of incident CVD had occurred. We also noted a 50% reduction in the risk of CVD when SB group 4 was accompanied by PA group 1 (odds ratio, 0.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.28 to 0.90).
CONCLUSIONS Despite increased time spent in SB, maintaining PA about 2 days to 3 days per week reduced the occurrence of CVD.
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Summary
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Effects of physical activity and sedentary behaviors on cardiovascular disease and the risk of all-cause mortality in overweight or obese middle-aged and older adults
Yongqiang Zhang, Xia Liu
Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - The mediating role of depression on the link between physical activity and health-related quality of life among people with diabetes: A cross-sectional study
Djoko Priyono, Sanghee Kim, Md. Feroz Kabir
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(12): e0312774. CrossRef - Modulating the Expression of Exercise-induced lncRNAs: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Progression
Li-Hua Yu, Ge-Lin Zhang
Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Joint association of sedentary behavior and physical activity domains with depression in Korean adults: Cross-sectional study combining four biennial surveys (2016–2022)
Sungjin Park, June-Hee Lee, Rashid Menhas
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(10): e0312029. CrossRef
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Korea Seroprevalence Study of Monitoring of SARS-COV-2 Antibody Retention and Transmission (K-SEROSMART): findings from national representative sample
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Jina Han, Hye Jin Baek, Eunbi Noh, Kyuhyun Yoon, Jung Ae Kim, Sukhyun Ryu, Kay O Lee, No Yai Park, Eunok Jung, Sangil Kim, Hyukmin Lee, Yoo-Sung Hwang, Jaehun Jung, Hun Jae Lee, Sung-il Cho, Sangcheol Oh, Migyeong Kim, Chang-Mo Oh, Byengchul Yu, Young-Seoub Hong, Keonyeop Kim, Sun Jae Jung, Mi Ah Han, Moo-Sik Lee, Jung-Jeung Lee, Young Hwangbo, Hyeon Woo Yim, Yu-Mi Kim, Joongyub Lee, Weon-Young Lee, Jae-Hyun Park, Sungsoo Oh, Heui Sug Jo, Hyeongsu Kim, Gilwon Kang, Hae-Sung Nam, Ju-Hyung Lee, Gyung-Jae Oh, Min-Ho Shin, Soyeon Ryu, Tae-Yoon Hwang, Soon-Woo Park, Sang Kyu Kim, Roma Seol, Ki-Soo Park, Su Young Kim, Jun-wook Kwon, Sung Soon Kim, Byoungguk Kim, June-Woo Lee, Eun Young Jang, Ah-Ra Kim, Jeonghyun Nam, The Korea Community Health Survey Group, Soon Young Lee, Dong-Hyun Kim
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Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023075. Published online August 17, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023075
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10,593
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232
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7
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Abstract
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 Supplementary Material
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES
We estimated the population prevalence of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), including unreported infections, through a Korea Seroprevalence Study of Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Retention and Transmission (K-SEROSMART) in 258 communities throughout Korea.
METHODS In August 2022, a survey was conducted among 10,000 household members aged 5 years and older, in households selected through two stage probability random sampling. During face-to-face household interviews, participants self-reported their health status, COVID-19 diagnosis and vaccination history, and general characteristics. Subsequently, participants visited a community health center or medical clinic for blood sampling. Blood samples were analyzed for the presence of antibodies to spike proteins (anti-S) and antibodies to nucleocapsid proteins (anti-N) SARS-CoV-2 proteins using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. To estimate the population prevalence, the PROC SURVEYMEANS statistical procedure was employed, with weighting to reflect demographic data from July 2022.
RESULTS In total, 9,945 individuals from 5,041 households were surveyed across 258 communities, representing all basic local governments in Korea. The overall population-adjusted prevalence rates of anti-S and anti-N were 97.6% and 57.1%, respectively. Since the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency has reported a cumulative incidence of confirmed cases of 37.8% through July 31, 2022, the proportion of unreported infections among all COVID-19 infection was suggested to be 33.9%.
CONCLUSIONS The K-SEROSMART represents the first nationwide, community-based seroepidemiologic survey of COVID-19, confirming that most individuals possess antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and that a significant number of unreported cases existed. Furthermore, this study lays the foundation for a surveillance system to continuously monitor transmission at the community level and the response to COVID-19.
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Summary
Korean summary
인구집단을 기반으로 하여 대표성 있는 표본을 추출하여 COVID-19 항체유병률 조사를 전국적으로 수행함으로 지역사회 단위에서 지속적으로 모니터링할 수 있는 COVID-19 감시체계 구축의 기반을 마련하였다.
2022년 8월 우리나라 국민의 대부분이 COVID-19에 대한 항체를 보유하고 있었고 인구 3명 중 1명은 미확진 감염자로 추정되었다.
Key Message
The K-SEROSMART represents the first nationwide, community-based seroepidemiologic survey of COVID-19.
In August 2022, most of the Korean people had antibodies to COVID-19, and one in three people was estimated to have an unreported infection.
This study lays the foundation for a surveillance system to continuously monitor transmission at the community level and the response to COVID-19.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by - Modeling vaccination prioritization strategies for post-pandemic COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea accounting for under-reporting and age-structure
Geunsoo Jang, Jihyeon Kim, Robin N. Thompson, Hyojung Lee
Journal of Infection and Public Health.2025; 18(4): 102688. CrossRef - Limitations of neutralizing antibody titers in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy trials and a call for additional correlates of protection
Young Hoon Hwang, Dal-Hee Min, Wan Beom Park
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Infection-mediated immune response in SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection and implications for next-generation COVID-19 vaccine development
Sho Miyamoto, Tadaki Suzuki
Vaccine.2024; 42(6): 1401. CrossRef - Changes in the intrinsic severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 according to the emerging variant: a nationwide study from February 2020 to June 2022, including comparison with vaccinated populations
Boyeong Ryu, Eunjeong Shin, Dong Hwi Kim, HyunJu Lee, So Young Choi, Seong-Sun Kim, Il-Hwan Kim, Eun-Jin Kim, Sangwon Lee, Jaehyun Jeon, Donghyok Kwon, Sungil Cho
BMC Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital setting
Ploy Pattanakitsakul, Chanya Pongpatipat, Chavachol Setthaudom, Mongkol Kunakorn, Thiantip Sahakijpicharn, Anannit Visudtibhan, Nopporn Apiwattanakul, Surapat Assawawiroonhakarn, Uthen Pandee, Chonnamet Techasaensiri, Sophida Boonsathorn, Sujittra Chaisav
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(9): e0310860. CrossRef - Realistic Estimation of COVID-19 Infection by Seroprevalence Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies: An Experience From Korea Metropolitan Area From January to May 2022
In Hwa Jeong, Jong-Hun Kim, Min-Jung Kwon, Jayoung Kim, Hee Jin Huh, Byoungguk Kim, Junewoo Lee, Jeong-hyun Nam, Eun-Suk Kang
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - COVID-19 Vaccination Recommendations for 2024–2025 in Korea
Wan Beom Park, Young Hoon Hwang, Ki Tae Kwon, Ji Yun Noh, Sun Hee Park, Joon Young Song, Eun Ju Choo, Min Joo Choi, Jun Yong Choi, Jung Yeon Heo, Won Suk Choi
Infection & Chemotherapy.2024; 56(4): 453. CrossRef
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