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To examine the associated factors with low back in rural women, public health doctors interviewed with each woman who had been seen in 12 branches of the health center in the vicinity of Chinju in Gyeongnam Province from August 1 to September 15, 1991. The results were as follows: 1. 66% of 391 study subjects reported an episode of low back pain during recent 6 months. In simple analysis low back pain was significantly associated with age, educational level, number of children, low back pain experience after delivery, abortion, farming, work posture and heavy materials lifting. 2. In multiple logistic regression to control confounding effects by interrelated independent variables, low back pain was significantly associated with low back pain experience after delivery (odds ratio=2.18), work posture (odds ratio=2.42) and heavy materials lifting (odds ratio=2.37) 3. Acute low back pain (defined as low back pain which occurred for the first time in the past 6 months) was significantly associated with only one variable i.e. heavy materials lifting (odds ratio=3.09). 4. Recurrent low back pain (defined as low back pain which recurred in recent 6 months) was significantly associated with low back pain experience after delivery (odds ratio=5.44), work posture (odds ratio=3.00) and heavy materials lifting (odds ratio=8.71). 5. Chronic low back pain (defined as low back pain which had persisted for more than 6 months) was significantly associated with number of children (odds ratio=1.42), back pain experience after delivery (odds ratio=2.26), abortion (odds ratio=2.05) and work posture (odds ratio=5.59).