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1Department of Advanced Epidemiology, Noncommunicable Disease (NCD) Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
2Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
3Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health Care, Tokyo, Japan
4Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
5Department of Cardiology, QI Center, St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
6Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
7Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
8Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
9Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
10Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
11Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University School of Public Health, Miyagi, Japan
12Non-Profit Organization Kenkokeiei, Tokyo, Japan
© 2022, Korean Society of Epidemiology
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare for this study.
FUNDING
This work was supported by a research grant from Japan Health Industry Federation (https://www.well-being100.jp/).
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Conceptualization: Yano Y, Node K, Mizuno A, Tsuji I, Okada K. Data curation: Kanegae H. Formal analysis: Kanegae H. Funding acquisition: Yano Y. Methodology: Yano Y, Node K, Mizuno A, Tsuji I, Okada K. Project administration: Yano Y, Node K, Mizuno A, Tsuji I, Okada K. Visualization: Yano Y. Writing – original draft: Yano Y. Writing – review & editing: Kanegae H, Node K, Mizuno A, Nishiyama A, Rakugi H, Itoh H, Kitaoka K, Kashihara N, Ikeno F, Tsuji I, Okada K.