Epidemiology and Health

Original Articles

Obesity parameters in relation to lung function levels in a large Chinese rural adult population: Xiang Zeng, Dongling Liu, Zhen An, Huijun Li, Jie Song, Weidong Wu; Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021047. Published online August 3, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021047

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The association between obesity parameters and lung function indicators in the general Chinese rural adult population remains unclear.

METHODS

In total, 8,284 Chinese adults aged 20 years to 80 years old from Xinxiang were recruited. Obesity-related parameters, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waistto-height ratio (WHtR), body fat percentage (BFP), basal metabolism, and visceral fat index, and lung function parameters such as forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in first second were measured.

RESULTS

The total prevalence of obesity defined by BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR, and BFP was 23.2%, 58.2%, 66.7%, 69.2%, and 56.5%, respectively. Spearman correlation analyses showed significant correlations between all obesity-related parameters and lung function. Linear regression analyses further demonstrated that BMI, WHtR, BFP, and general obesity defined using those indicators were negatively associated with lung function, while WC, WHR, and central obesity defined accordingly were positively associated with lung function. The relationship between general obesity and lung function was more evident in women than in men, while the link between central obesity and lung function was more obvious in men than in women.

CONCLUSIONS

Obesity is closely related to lung function in the general Chinese adult population. Weight control and loss are important strategies to improve lung function and respiratory health.

Summary

Korean summary

Key Message
This cross-sectional sduty clarify the relationship between several obesity parameters and lung function indicators on rural adult population in central China using big data and stratified analyses. Specifically, the obesity group has a lower level of lung function than the non-obesity group, and there is an opposite effect of general obesity and central obesity on lung function.

Citations

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Air pollution associated acute respiratory inflammation and modification by GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms: a panel study of healthy undergraduates
Xiang Zeng, Ge Tian, Jingfang Zhu, Fuyun Yang, Rui Zhang, Huijun Li, Zhen An, Juan Li, Jie Song, Jing Jiang, Dongling Liu, Weidong Wu
Environmental Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Mediating Role of Body Mass Index in the Association Between Age at First Childbirth and Lung Function Among Chinese Postmenopausal Women
Gaili Wang, Huizi Tian, Kai Kang, Shixian Feng, Weihao Shao, Xiaorui Chen, Caifang Zheng, Bowen Zhang, Pei Pei, Weidong Zhang
Clinical Epidemiology.2023; Volume 15: 289. CrossRef
Pulmonary Function in Patients with Solitary Spinal Metastases: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Fang Jia, Jingyu Zhang, Yongcheng Hu, Ping Li
International Journal of General Medicine.2023; Volume 16: 1061. CrossRef
BMI, sex and outcomes in hospitalised patients in western Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic
Martin Lindgren, Triantafyllia Toska, Christian Alex, Christina E. Lundberg, Ottmar Cronie, Annika Rosengren, Martin Adiels, Helen Sjöland
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
The Relationship Between BMI and Lung Function in Populations with Different Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on the Enjoying Breathing Program in China
Xingyao Tang, Jieping Lei, Wei Li, Yaodie Peng, Chen Wang, Ke Huang, Ting Yang
International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.2022; Volume 17: 2677. CrossRef
The Chinese version of the revised Diabetes Distress Scale for adults with type 2 diabetes: Translation and validation study
Yu-Yun Zhang, Wei Li, Yu Sheng
International Journal of Nursing Sciences.2022; 9(2): 243. CrossRef
Association of basal metabolic rate with respiratory function among middle-aged obese and nonobese subjects
AfreenBegum H Itagi, Ambrish Kalaskar, PasangTshering Dukpa, DhrubaHari Chandi, GY Yunus
MGM Journal of Medical Sciences.2021; 8(4): 330. CrossRef

The double burden of malnutrition among adults in India: evidence from the National Family Health Survey-4 (2015-16): Mili Dutta, Y Selvamani, Pushpendra Singh, Lokender Prashad; Epidemiol Health. 2019;41:e2019050. Published online December 18, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019050

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27 Citations

Abstract PDF

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
India still faces the burden of undernutrition and communicable diseases, and the prevalence of overweight/obesity is steadily increasing. The discourse regarding the dual burden of underweight and overweight/obesity has not yet been widely explored in both men and women. The present study assessed the determinants of underweight and overweight/obesity in India among adult men and women aged 15-49.

METHODS

Population-based cross-sectional and nationally representative data from the National Family Health Survey-4 (2015-16), consisting of a sample of men and women, were analyzed. Stratified 2-stage sampling was used in the NFHS-4 study protocol. In the present study, bivariate and adjusted multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the correlates of underweight and overweight/obesity.

RESULTS

The results suggested a persistently high prevalence of underweight coexisting with an increased prevalence of overweight/obesity in India. The risk of underweight was highest in the central and western regions and was also relatively high among those who used either smoking or smokeless tobacco. Overweight/obesity was more prevalent in urban areas, in the southern region, and among adults aged 35-49. Furthermore, level of education and wealth index were positively associated with overweight/obesity. More educated and wealthier adults were less likely to be underweight.

CONCLUSIONS

In India, underweight has been prevalent, and the prevalence of overweight/obesity is increasing rapidly, particularly among men. The dual burden of underweight and overweight/obesity is alarming and needs to be considered; public health measures to address this situation must also be adopted through policy initiatives.

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Decomposing the gap in undernutrition among under-five children between EAG and non-EAG states of India
Sourav Chowdhury, Nuruzzaman Kasemi, Aditya Singh, Mahashweta Chakrabarty, Shivani Singh
Children and Youth Services Review.2023; 145: 106796. CrossRef
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Neha Chauhan, Poojan Dogra, Reena Sharma, Shashi Kant, Mridul Soni
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Maternal nutritional status and milk volume and composition in India: an observational study
Melissa F. Young, Emily C. Faerber, Rukshan V. Mehta, Samriddhi Ranjan, Sweekruthi A. Shetty, Usha Ramakrishnan, Kannan Rangiah, Beena Bose, Sarita Devi, Pratibha Dwarkanath, Anura V. Kurpad, Sunita Taneja, Reynaldo Martorell
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.2023; 117(4): 830. CrossRef
Yield improvement compensates the grain nutrient concentration in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.): analysis using varieties released over years
K. C. Megha, Y. A. Nanja Reddy, D. C. Hanumanthappa
Plant Physiology Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Burden of tuberculosis & malaria among tribal populations & implications for disease elimination in India
Jai Prakash Narain, Amar N. Shah, Rajesh Bhatia
Indian Journal of Medical Research.2023; 157(2&3): 163. CrossRef
Imperatives of recognising the complexities: gendered impacts and responses to COVID-19 in India
Bina Agarwal
Economia Politica.2022; 39(1): 31. CrossRef
Household Levels of Double Burden of Malnutrition in Low–Middle-income Countries: A Review
A. Bose, N. Mondal, J. Sen
Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India.2022; 71(1): 125. CrossRef
Mustard oil and cardiovascular health: Why the controversy?
Kavita H. Poddar, Geeta Sikand, Dinesh Kalra, Nathan Wong, P. Barton Duell
Journal of Clinical Lipidology.2022; 16(1): 13. CrossRef
Nutritional Supplementation Would Be Cost-Effective for Reducing Tuberculosis Incidence and Mortality in India: The Ration Optimization to Impede Tuberculosis (ROTI-TB) Model
Pranay Sinha, Subitha L Lakshminarayanan, Chelsie Cintron, Prakash Babu Narasimhan, Lindsey M Locks, Nalin Kulatilaka, Kimberly Maloomian, Senbagavalli Prakash Babu, Madeline E Carwile, Anne F Liu, C Robert Horsburgh, Carlos Acuna-Villaorduna, Benjamin P
Clinical Infectious Diseases.2022; 75(4): 577. CrossRef
Modern Processing of Indian Millets: A Perspective on Changes in Nutritional Properties
N. A. Nanje Gowda, Kaliramesh Siliveru, P. V. Vara Prasad, Yogita Bhatt, B. P. Netravati, Chennappa Gurikar
Foods.2022; 11(4): 499. CrossRef
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Vivek A. Saraswat, Karan Kumar
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology.2022; 12(2): 268. CrossRef
Does maternal overnutrition carry child undernutrition in India?
Mukesh Kumar, Pratap Mohanty, Linglin Xie
PLOS ONE.2022; 17(6): e0265788. CrossRef
Double burden of malnutrition in Nepal: A trend analysis of protein-energy malnutrition and High Body Mass Index using the data from Global Burden of Disease 2010–2019
Priza Pradhananga, Archana Shrestha, Nabin Adhikari, Namuna Shrestha, Mukesh Adhikari, Nicole Ide, Saurya Dhungel, Swornim Bajracharya, Anu Aryal, Pranil Man Singh Pradhan
PLOS ONE.2022; 17(9): e0273485. CrossRef
Nutrition in the prevention and management of sarcopenia - A special focus on Asian Indians
Shinjini Bhattacharya, Rohini Bhadra, Annemie M.W.J. Schols, Ardy van Helvoort, Sucharita Sambashivaiah
Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia.2022; 8(4): 135. CrossRef
Chronic Energy Deficiency and Its Determinant Factors among Adults Aged 18–59 Years in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Samuel Dagne, Yonatan Menber, Yosef Wassihun, Gedefaw Dires, Atitegeb Abera, Seteamlak Adane, Melese Linger, Zelalem T. Haile, Roxana Valdés-Ramos
Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
The double burden of malnutrition in India: Trends and inequalities (2006–2016)
Phuong Hong Nguyen, Samuel Scott, Derek Headey, Nishmeet Singh, Lan Mai Tran, Purnima Menon, Marie T. Ruel, Srinivas Goli
PLOS ONE.2021; 16(2): e0247856. CrossRef
Double burden of underweight and overweight among Indian adults: spatial patterns and social determinants
Pravat Bhandari, Ezra Gayawan, Suryakant Yadav
Public Health Nutrition.2021; 24(10): 2808. CrossRef
Screening of cardiovascular risk assessment accuracy of anthropometric indices in Indian children and adolescents
Mohit Aggarwal, Shailendra Singh, Anubhuti Bansal, Bapu Koundinya Desiraju, Anurag Agrawal
Wellcome Open Research.2021; 5: 273. CrossRef
Assessment of Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease: Indian Perspective
Abhinav Anand, Anoop Saraya
Clinical Liver Disease.2021; 18(3): 164. CrossRef
‘Bhavishya Shakti: Empowering the Future’: establishing and evaluating a pilot community mobile teaching kitchen as an innovative model, training marginalised women to become nutrition champions and culinary health educators in Kolkata, India
Luke Buckner, Harrison Carter, Dominic Crocombe, Sento Kargbo, Maria Korre, Somnath Bhar, Shivani Bhat, Debashis Chakraborty, Pauline Douglas, Mitali Gupta, Sudeshna Maitra-Nag, Sagarika Muhkerjee, Aparjita Saha, Minha Rajput-Ray, Ianthi Tsimpli, Sumantra
BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health.2021; 4(2): 405. CrossRef
Prevalence and determinants of double burden of malnutrition in Bangladesh: evidence from a nationwide cross-sectional survey
Md. Ashfikur Rahman, Henry Ratul Halder, Tanjim Siddiquee, Syeda Afia Farjana, Harun Or Roshid, Bayezid Khan, Nuzhat Fatema, Md. Hasan Howlader, Shaharior Rahman Razu
Nutrire.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Tuberculosis—Learning the Impact of Nutrition (TB LION): protocol for an interventional study to decrease TB risk in household contacts
Chelsie Cintron, Prakash Babu Narasimhan, Lindsey Locks, Senbagavalli Babu, Pranay Sinha, Nonika Rajkumari, Vaishnavi Kaipilyawar, Anurag Bhargava, Kimberly Maloomian, Padma Chandrasekaran, Sheetal Verma, Noyal Joseph, W. Evan Johnson, Christine Wanke, C.
BMC Infectious Diseases.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
An Epidemiological Study for Assessment of Selected Lifestyle Disorders among University Students at Central Gujarat, India
Geetika Madan Patel, Dhara I Zalavadiya, Ankita Parmar
Healthline.2021; 12(2): 21. CrossRef
The dramatic rise in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in India: Obesity transition and the looming health care crisis
Zakaria Siddiqui, Ronald Donato
World Development.2020; 134: 105050. CrossRef
Factors associated with double burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs in India: A study based on National Family Health Survey 2015–16
Ratna Patel, Shobhit Srivastava, Pradeep Kumar, Shekhar Chauhan
Children and Youth Services Review.2020; 116: 105256. CrossRef
Intra-Individual Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adults in China: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2015
Qiumin Huang, Liusen Wang, Hongru Jiang, Huijun Wang, Bing Zhang, Jiguo Zhang, Xiaofang Jia, Zhihong Wang
Nutrients.2020; 12(9): 2811. CrossRef
Screening of cardiovascular risk assessment accuracy of anthropometric indices in Indian children and adolescents
Mohit Aggarwal, Shailendra Singh, Anubhuti Bansal, Bapu Koundinya Desiraju, Anurag Agrawal
Wellcome Open Research.2020; 5: 273. CrossRef

Distribution and social determinants of overweight and obesity: a cross-sectional study of non-pregnant adult women from the Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (2015-2016): Leonard Mndala, Abhay Kudale; Epidemiol Health. 2019;41:e2019039. Published online September 27, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019039

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Abstract PDF

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Hitherto regarded as a public health issue of well-heeled nations, overweight and obesity have emerged as a problem of concern in developing nations. Although social and demographic factors are equally important as proximal lifestyle factors affecting health, their role is neither well researched nor well understood. We conducted a novel study to determine the distribution, prevalence, and social and demographic determinants of overweight/obesity in Malawi.

METHODS

A population-based, quantitative cross-sectional study using data from the Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (2015-2016) was conducted among non-pregnant women aged 18-49 years. A total of 6,443 women were included in the analysis. Overweight/obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 , was the main outcome variable. The analysis was done in SPSS version 20.0; after calculating descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to evaluate associations and determine odds.

RESULTS

In total, 16.8% and 6.3% of women were overweight and obese, respectively (p<0.001). Overweight and obesity were more prevalent in urban than in rural areas. The BMI distribution among women varied across different background characteristics. Women from the Ngoni ethnicity were more likely to be overweight/obese than others (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14 to 2.08). Socioeconomic status (SES) and the age of the respondent were highly significant determinants that were strongly associated with being overweight/obese. The richest women were 3 times more likely to be overweight/obese than the poorest (aOR, 3.30; 95% CI, 2.46 to 4.43).

CONCLUSIONS

Overweight and obesity were highly prevalent and significantly associated with increasing SES, age, and being from the Ngoni ethnicity. Holistic interventions should also focus on improving social determinants in order to entirely curb the epidemic.

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Exploring the Causes of Obesity Among Adults in the Kurdish Regions of Iran: A Qualitative Study
Seyed Fahim Irandoost, Bahman Bayangani, Tahereh Dehdari, Javad Yousefi Lebni, Nafe Babasfari, Nafiul Mehedi, Mohammad Hosein Taghdisi
Community Health Equity Research & Policy.2023; 43(2): 183. CrossRef
Individual and contextual predictors of overweight or obesity among women in Uganda: a spatio-temporal perspective
Prince M. Amegbor, Ortis Yankey, Megan Davies, Clive E. Sabel
GeoJournal.2022; 87(5): 3793. CrossRef
Then and Now: Investigating Anthropometrics and Child Mortality among Females in Malawi
Sally Sonia Simmons, John Elvis Hagan, Thomas Schack
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(10): 6171. CrossRef
Maternal overweight and obesity and its associated factors and outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) ‐infected and HIV ‐uninfected black South African pregnant women
Christen R. Erasmus, Anil A. Chuturgoon, Niren R. Maharaj
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research.2022; 48(11): 2697. CrossRef
Country-Level Variations in Overweight and Obesity among Reproductive-Aged Women in Sub-Saharan Countries
Olah Owobi, Osaretin Okonji, Chimezie Nzoputam, Michael Ekholuenetale
Women.2022; 2(4): 313. CrossRef
Food purchasing decisions of Malawian mothers with young children in households experiencing the nutrition transition
Valerie L. Flax, Chrissie Thakwalakwa, Courtney H. Schnefke, John C. Phuka, Lindsay M. Jaacks
Appetite.2021; 156: 104855. CrossRef
Time trends in socio-economic, urban-rural and regional disparities in prevalence of obesity among non-pregnant women in Lesotho: evidence from Lesotho demographic and health surveys (2004–2014)
Betregiorgis Zegeye, Gebretsadik Shibre, Gashaw Garedew Woldeamanuel
BMC Public Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Risk factors for overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Dominic Mosha, Heavenlight A. Paulo, Mary Mwanyika-Sando, Innocent B. Mboya, Isabel Madzorera, Germana H. Leyna, Sia E. Msuya, Till W. Bärnighausen, Japhet Killewo, Wafaie W. Fawzi
BMC Nutrition.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Observed magnitude and trends in socioeconomic and geographic area inequalities in obesity prevalence among non-pregnant women in Chad: evidence from three waves of Chad demographic and health surveys
Gebretsadik Shibre, Betregiorgis Zegeye, Gashaw Garedew Woldeamanuiel, Wassie Negash, Gorems Lemma, Mitku Mamo Taderegew
Archives of Public Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Education and prevalence of overweight and obesity among reproductive age group women in Ethiopia: analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data
Ayelign Mengesha Kassie, Biruk Beletew Abate, Mesfin Wudu Kassaw
BMC Public Health.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Drivers of food consumption among overweight mother-child dyads in Malawi
Chrissie Thakwalakwa, Valerie L. Flax, John C. Phuka, Harrison Garcia, Lindsay M. Jaacks, Mauro Lombardo
PLOS ONE.2020; 15(12): e0243721. CrossRef

Is inadequate play area in schools associated with overweight among students in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia? A comparative cross-sectional study: Tsedey Moges, Bereket Gebremichael, Solomon Shiferaw, Robel Yirgu; Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018017. Published online May 12, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018017

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The prevalence of childhood obesity has more than doubled since it was formally recognized as a global epidemic in 1997. With the increasingly dwindling space for private schools in Ethiopia, unresolved concerns exist among the public regarding the possible effect of limited play areas in schools on overweight/obesity. This study intended to determine and compare the levels of overweight/obesity among adolescents in private schools with and without adequate play area in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

METHODS

A school-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,276 adolescents. Twenty private schools were grouped into 2 groups based on the size of the play area. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire and anthropometric measurements and analyzed using descriptive statistical tests and logistic regression.

RESULTS

The magnitude of overweight/obesity was significantly higher in schools with inadequate play area (19.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 16.4 to 22.7) than in schools with adequate play area (14.6%; 95% CI, 11.9 to17.5). Inadequacy of the play area was also positively associated with overweight/obesity in the multiple logistic regression analysis (odds ratio [OR], 1.62; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.51). Using private car transportation to and from school (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.13 to 4.57), father’s educational status (secondary school and above: OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.14 to 5.62), and middle wealth quintile (OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.50 to 4.33) were other factors significantly associated with overweight/obesity.

CONCLUSIONS

Inadequate play area in schools was an important contributor to overweight/obesity. Sedentary behavior was also significantly associated with overweight/obesity.

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Barriers and facilitators of physical activity among school attending adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria: A qualitative study exploring views and experiences of decision‐makers in secondary schools
Busola Adebusoye, Jo Leonardi‐Bee, Revati Phalkey, Kaushik Chattopadhyay
Health Science Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A systematic review and meta-analysis of adolescent nutrition in Ethiopia: Transforming adolescent lives through nutrition (TALENT) initiative
Mubarek Abera, Abdulhalik Workicho, Melkamu Berhane, Desta Hiko, Rahma Ali, Beakal Zinab, Abraham Haileamlak, Caroline Fall, Chiranjivi Adhikari
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(4): e0280784. CrossRef
Correlates of Sedentary Time Among Children and Adolescents in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Sibhatu Biadgilign, Tennyson Mgutshini, Bereket Gebremichael, Demewoz Haile, Lioul Berhanu, Stanley Chitekwe, Peter Memiah
Pediatric Exercise Science.2022; : 1. CrossRef
Association of built environment constructs and physical activity among children and adolescents in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Busola Adebusoye, Kaushik Chattopadhyay, Winifred Ekezie, Revati Phalkey, Jo Leonardi-Bee
JBI Evidence Synthesis.2022; 20(10): 2410. CrossRef
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Overweight and Obesity among High School Adolescents in Bahir Dar City, Northwest, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Mulugebeya Worku, Zemichael Gizaw, Aysheshim Kassahun Belew, Alemakef Wagnew, Melkamu Tamir Hunegnaw, Chris I. Ardern
Journal of Obesity.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
Stakeholder analysis of childhood obesity prevention policies in Iran
Shahnaz Taghizadeh, Rahim Khodayari Zarnag, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
Archives of Public Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Risk factors and morbidities associated with childhood obesity in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review
Frederick Inkum Danquah, Monica Ansu-Mensah, Vitalis Bawontuo, Matilda Yeboah, Roseline H. Udoh, Mohammed Tahiru, Desmond Kuupiel
BMC Nutrition.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence, incidence, and trends of childhood overweight/obesity in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review
Frederick Inkum Danquah, Monica Ansu-Mensah, Vitalis Bawontuo, Matilda Yeboah, Desmond Kuupiel
Archives of Public Health.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

Prevalence Rates and Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 Data.: Shinkwan Kang, Soonduck Kim, Jesuk Lee; Korean J Epidemiol. 2008;30(2):188-197. Published online December 31, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/kje.2008.30.2.188

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Abstract

PURPOSE
To investigate the prevalence rates of overweight and obesty, and their associations in children and adolescents(12-18years) who were defined as normal weight, overweight , and obese.

METHODS

Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005 raw data was utilized. The data on the 669 subjects aged 12-18 consisted of variables from the health interview survey, health examination and nutrition survey, and health consciousness behavior survey. Overweight and obesity was evaluated by established body mass index criteria. Chi-squire and Fisher exact test were performed to analyze differences among normal, overweight and obese groups according to basic characteristics and health consciousness behavior. Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors for the overweight and obese groups.

RESULTS

Overweight and obesity prevalence rates were 11.7% and 8.1%, respectively. Of the subjects from urban regions, 20% were overweight and 12.2% were obese. Of those from semi-urban regions, 10.2% were overweight and 3.8% were obese. Of those from rural regions, 9.0% were overweight and 10.1% were obese. The obesity rate in semi-urban regions were 0.38% times lower than the rural rate.

CONCLUSIONS

Geographical location constitutes a risk factor for overweight and obesity, which may influence preventative and education programs aimed at schools and the general community.

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Multilevel factors associated with adolescents’ obesity: Analysis of 2017-2019 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey data
Soo Kyoung Kim, Saegyeol Choi, Hyekyeong Kim
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2021; 38(1): 13. CrossRef
Regional Adolescent Obesity and Overweight Status in Korea from 2018–2019: Comparison between Two Data Sources
Dong-Hee Ryu, Su-Jin Lee
Healthcare.2021; 9(12): 1751. CrossRef
A Structural Model for Health Risk Behavior of Late Adolescents: Based on 2010 Korea Adolescent Health Survey
Young-Ju Jee, Young-Hae Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2014; 44(2): 179. CrossRef
Association between Obesity and Physical Activity about Middle and High School Students in Korea
Tae-Hee Park, Mi-Hwa Jung, Sun-Mi Jeong, Hyung-Su Park, Chae-Yeon Han, Sun-An Hong, Si-Young You, Kyung-Rye Moon
The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences.2013; 8(3): 505. CrossRef
Comparison of the prevalence of islet autoantibodies according to age and disease duration in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Young Hwa Kong, Min Sun Kim, Dae-Yeol Lee
Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism.2013; 18(2): 65. CrossRef
Eating Habit, Body Image, and Weight Control Behavior by BMI in Korean Female High School Students - Using Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2010 Data -
Mi-Hyun Kim
The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition.2012; 25(3): 579. CrossRef
A Case of Severe Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Child with Type 2 Diabetes
Jaesung Yu, Hyunju Jin, Joontae Ko, Hoseok Kang
Journal of Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology.2011; 16(1): 46. CrossRef
The Body Mass Index as a Prognostic Factor of Critical Care
So Yeon Lim, So I Kim, Yon Ju Ryu, Jin Hwa Lee, Eun Mi Chun, Jung Hyun Chang
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2010; 25(2): 162. CrossRef
Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome among Children and Adolescents in Korea
Mi Ae Chu, Byung-Ho Choe
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2010; 53(2): 142. CrossRef

The Factors Associated with the Abnormal Eating Behavior in University Hospital's Nurses.: Young Geon Ji, Su Jin Kim, Hyung Gon Kang; Korean J Epidemiol. 2005;27(1):108-117.

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Abstract PDF: Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To compare eating behavior according to the shift work and to find the factors associated with the abnormal eating behavior in university hospital's nurses.
METHODS
For this assessment, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 300 university hospital's nurses. Nurses were questioned with self-reported questionnaire forms. After excluding cases with incomplete data, 276 cases are enrolled in the study. To find the factors associated with the abnormal eating behavior, we conducted multiple logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
The proportions of shift work nurses were 63.77%(176 cases). The proportions of abnormal eating behavior among shift work nurses were 22.73%(40 cases), but only 6.00%(6 cases) among non-shift work nurses had the abnormal eating behavior. Considering the shift work period, the proportions of abnormal eating behavior were 31.25%, 22.92% and 17.50% in case of shift work period were less than 1 year, 1~3 years and more than 3 years, respectively. The abnormal eating behavior was associated with having shift work, doing exercise, more weekly working hours, being on a diet and having perception of overweight. But age and body mass index were not influenced the abnormal eating behavior.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, we found that the factors associated with the abnormal eating behavior are the shift work, exercise, weekly working hours, perception of overweight and diet.; Summary

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The Analysis of the Correlation of Diabetes Mellitus Incidence and Prevalence with Body Mass Index among Adults Registered in a Health Promotion Center of a University Hospital.: Sang Hoon Ahn, Jung Soon Kim; Korean J Epidemiol. 2000;22(2):159-170.

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BACKGROUND
The prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus in Korea are higher than western countries. Despite the fact that obesity is an important risk factor of DM, western obesity criteria by BMI level has been used in Korea, which was based on the data derived from the western people having higher average body mass index(BMI) and lower DM incidence than Koreans. Therefore, this study was performed to find out the BMI level, at which point the risk of developing DM increases and its incidence per year.
METHODS
13,301 men and women who visited the Health Promotion Center at Seoul National University Hospital between March 1, 1995 and February 28, 1999 were studied. Factors attributable to DM including BMI were investigated. BMI was categorized in detail to find out the critical point of BMI with increased DM. The incidence of DM per year was investigated by analysing the cohort consisting of people who have visited the center more than once.
RESULTS
The risk factors of DM revealing significant statistical association were age, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride and BMI. The age-sex adjusted odds ratio at BMI 24.0 was 1.950(95% CI 1.089~3.492) compared to the reference BMI(<21.0) when applying the current diagnostic criteria of DM(140mg/dl), and it was 1.635(95% CI 1.018~2.627) at BMI 22.0 by the new criteria of DM(126mg/dl). Crude incidence rate of DM was 0.9% by the current criteria and 2.1% by the new criteria.
CONCLUSIONS
Current WHO obesity criteria by BMI that we use in Korea should be readjusted(the criteria of overweight lowered from BMI 25.0 to 24.0, and obesity from 30.0 to 27.0 for Koreans), particularly in the aspect of prevention of DM for Korean people. Crude incidence rate of DM was 0.9%, much higher than that of western people, which calls for national concern on prevention and management of DM.; Summary

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