Epidemiology and Health

Original Articles

Disease burden of prostate cancer from 2014 to 2019 in the United States: estimation from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 and Medical Expenditure Panel Survey: Shen Lin, Dong Lin, Yiyuan Li, Lixian Zhong, Wei Zhou, Yajing Wu, Chen Xie, Shaohong Luo, Xiaoting Huang, Xiongwei Xu, Xiuhua Weng; Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023038. Published online March 21, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023038

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the disease burden of prostate cancer (PC) and assess key influencing factors associated with the disease expenditures of PC in the United States.
METHODS
The total deaths, incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life-years of PC were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey was used to estimate healthcare expenditures and productivity loss and to investigate patterns of payment and use of healthcare resources in the United States. A multivariable logistic regression model was conducted to identify key factors influencing expenditures.
RESULTS
For patients aged 50 and older, the burden for all age groups showed a modest increase over the 6-year period. Annual medical expenditures were estimated to range from US$24.8 billion to US$39.2 billion from 2014 to 2019. The annual loss in productivity for patients was approximately US$1,200. The top 3 major components of medical costs were hospital inpatient stays, prescription medicines, and office-based visits. Medicare was the largest source of payments for survivors. In terms of drug consumption, genitourinary tract agents (57.0%) and antineoplastics (18.6%) were the main therapeutic drugs. High medical expenditures were positively associated with age (p=0.005), having private health insurance (p=0.016), more comorbidities, not currently smoking (p=0.001), and patient self-perception of fair/poor health status (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
From 2014 to 2019, the national real-world data of PC revealed that the disease burden in the United States continued to increase, which was partly related to patient characteristics.; Summary

Key Message
This study quantified the disease burden of prostate cancer and showed that the burden is still substantial in the US from 2014-2019. This study explored the patients’ payment sources for healthcare expenditures and identified the top types of healthcare service expenditure for PC survivors. Moreover, this study also assessed key influencing factors for the high healthcare expenditures, which were associated with some demographic characteristics, such as age, having private health insurance, more comorbidities, smoking situation, and patients’ self-perceived health status.

Burden of transportation injuries among children and adolescents of Fars province: analysis of Iran’s 20-year trends: Seyed Taghi Heydari, Yaser Sarikhani, Kamran Bagheri Lankarani, Mohammad Khabaz Shirazi; Epidemiol Health. 2014;36:e2014032. Published online November 24, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2014032

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Transportation injuries are among the top ten causes of burden of disease in all age groups worldwide. The burden of transportation injuries among children and adolescents in Iran is higher than the world average and that of other developing countries. The aims of this study were to investigate the burden of transportation injuries in children and adolescents in the province of Fars in Iran from 2009 to 2013, and to report the burden of these kinds of injuries in children and adolescents in Iran from 1990 to 2010.

METHODS

The number of deaths due to transportation injuries and the location of fatal injuries in the province of Fars in Iran from 2009 to 2013 were analyzed using data from the Fars Forensic Medicine Organization. The 20-year trend in the burden of transportation injuries in Iran was analyzed using data from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.

RESULTS

Similarly to the long-term trend in Iran, the burden of transportation injuries among the male population of Fars province was generally higher than in females. Most fatal accident injuries occurred on roads (males: n=4151, 61.51%; females: n=1182, 65.95%) and in urban areas (males: n=1994, 29.54%; females: n=473, 26.40%).

CONCLUSIONS

Considering that children and adolescents are high risk groups for transportation injuries, adopting an effective comprehensive multi-sectoral approach, including enacting and enforcing appropriate laws and regulations, developing general knowledge, and facilitating the availability of Personal protective equipment, could be helpful for reducing the burden of these injuries.

Summary

Citations

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Distribution, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcome of Traumatic Spinal Injuries in Pediatric Patients: Experience from a Tertiary Referral Center in South Iran
Mohammad Sadegh Masoudi, Ghazal Ilami, Mehrgol Ilami
Journal of Orthopedic and Spine Trauma.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationship between religion and school students' road behavior in southern Iran
Reza Tabrizi, Maryam Akbari, Kamran B. Lankarani, Seyed Taghi Heydari, Alireza Masoudi, Amir Hossein Shams, Armin Akbarzadeh, Saba Moalemi, Maryam Mahmoodi Mehr, Ahmad Kalateh Sadati, Payam Peymani
Chinese Journal of Traumatology.2017; 20(5): 264. CrossRef
Burden of traffic accidents among pedestrians of Fars province, southern Iran; estimate of years of life lost in a sample of Iranian population from 2009 to 2013
Yaser Sarikhani, Seyed Taghi Heydari, Saeed Gholamzadeh, Maryam Mazloom, Payam Peymani, Kamran Bagheri Lankarani, Ahmad Kalateh Sadati, Reza Tabrizi, Maryam Akbari
Chinese Journal of Traumatology.2017; 20(5): 259. CrossRef
Prevalence and risk factors of alcohol and substance abuse among motorcycle drivers in Fars province, Iran
Seyed Taghi Heydari, Mehrdad Vossoughi, Armin Akbarzadeh, Kamran B. Lankarani, Yaser Sarikhani, Kazem Javanmardi, Ali Akbary, Maryam Akbari, Mojtaba Mahmoodi, Mohammad Khabaz Shirazi, Reza Tabrizi
Chinese Journal of Traumatology.2016; 19(2): 79. CrossRef

Burden of Disease of Multiple Sclerosis in Korea: Soo-Eun Chung, Hae-Kwan Cheong, Jae-Hyun Park, Ho Jin Kim; Epidemiol Health. 2012;34:e2012008. Published online November 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2012008

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Abstract

<sec><title>OBJECTIVES</title>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. There are few reports on the burden of disease of MS, worldwide. The authors aim to estimate burden of disease and estimate the epidemiologic indexes of MS in Korea using available epidemiologic data.</sec><sec><title>METHODS</title>Epidemiologic indexes were computed using DISMOD II software based on prevalence from nationwide survey, incidence estimated from extrapolation, mortality from National Statistics Office, and duration of disease from literature as input indexes. We calculated disability-adjusted life year (DALY) as a measure of premature mortality and disability, equivalent to years of healthy life lost due to a given condition.</sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title>The incidence of MS in Korea was 0.1 per 100,000, higher in female than in male. The highest incidence was estimated in the age group between 35 and 44 years in male and age group between 25 and 29 years in female. Total burden of disease of MS was 1,394 DALY, comprised of 292 (21%) years of life lost and 1,101 (79%) years lived with disability. The mean age at onset of MS was 33 years old in men and 32 years old in female. Estimated duration of disease was 35 years in men and 40 years in female. Most of the DALY of MS occurred in the adult population between 25 and 54 years of age.</sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title>Although MS is a rare disease in Korea, most of the DALY arises from young people, which results in a major financial burden on the patient, family, health system and society.</sec>

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Citations

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