Epidemiology and Health

Cohort Profile

The Asenze Cohort Study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: protocol and cohort profile: Chris Desmond, Gabriella A. Norwitz, Jane D. Kvalsvig, Rachel S. Gruver, Shuaib Kauchali, Kathryn G. Watt, Nonhlanhla P. Myeza, Adele Munsami, Leslie L. Davidson; Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022037. Published online April 5, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022037

4,759 View
235 Download

Abstract Summary PDF: Abstract
The Asenze cohort is set in South Africa, a middle-income country impacted by one of the highest global rates of people living with HIV/AIDS and high levels of socioeconomic inequality. This longitudinal population-based cohort of children and their primary caregivers assesses household and caregiver functioning, child health, social well-being, and neuro-development from childhood through adolescence. Almost 1,600 children born at the peak of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic (2003-2005) were followed (with their primary caregivers) in 3 waves, between 2008 and 2021, at average ages of 5, 7, and 16. Wave 3 is currently underway, having assessed over 1,100 of the original wave 1 children. Wave 4 begins in 2022. The study, with a dyadic structure, uses a broad range of measures, validated in South Africa or recommended for global use, that address physical, social and neuro-development in childhood and adolescence, and the social, health, and psychological status of children’s primary caregivers. The Asenze study deepens our understanding of childhood physical, cognitive, and social abilities and/or disabilities, including risk-taking behaviors, and biological, environmental, and social determinants of health. We anticipate the findings will contribute to the development of community-informed interventions to promote well-being in this South African population and elsewhere.; Summary

Key Message
The Asenze Cohort Study, one of a limited number of population-based studies set in low- and middle-income countries, with a high level of retention, provides an understanding of neuro-developmental, psychosocial, home environmental and economic exposures and outcomes of over 1100 adolescents and their primary caregivers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

Original Article

Impact of water fluoridation on dental caries decline across racial and income subgroups of Brazilian adolescents: Rafael Aiello Bomfim, Paulo Frazão; Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022007. Published online January 3, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022007

6,620 View
413 Download

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material: Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of community water fluoridation (CWF) on differences in dental caries decline across racial and socioeconomic subgroups of Brazilian adolescents.
METHODS
Two nationwide Brazilian population-based oral health surveys were used (Brazilian Oral Health Survey 2003 and 2010). In total, 7,198 adolescents from 15 years to 19 years old living in 50 cities investigated in both surveys were included. The mean numbers of untreated decayed teeth (DT) according to racial (Whites vs. Browns/Blacks) and socioeconomic subgroups (at or above the minimum wage per capita vs. under) were analysed. Difference-in-differences negative binomial regressions were adjusted by schooling, age, and sex. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth and DT prevalence, calculated as a categorical variable, were used in sensitivity analyses.
RESULTS
The adjusted difference of reduction in DT was similar across socioeconomic subgroups (β=-0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.45 to 0.35) and favoured, but not to a significant degree, Whites (β=-0.34; 95% CI, -0.74 to 0.04) compared to Brown/Blacks in fluoridated areas. In non-fluoridated areas, significant differences were observed in the mean number of DT, favouring the higher socioeconomic subgroup (β=-0.26; 95% CI, -0.53 to -0.01) and Whites (β=-0.40; 95% CI, -0.69 to -0.11) in relation to their counterparts. The sensitivity analyses confirmed the findings.
CONCLUSIONS
The similar reduction in DT across income subgroups suggests that CWF has had a beneficial effect on tackling income inequalities in dental caries within a 7-year timeframe.; Summary

Key Message
Community Water Fluoridation tackled income and racial inequalities in dental caries in adolescents aged 15-19 years between 2003 and 2010 in Brazil.

Data Profile

The current status of health data on Korean children and adolescents: Eunyoung Lee, Dahye Baik, Yoon Park, Moran Ki; Epidemiol Health. 2017;39:e2017059. Published online December 26, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2017059

11,643 View
254 Download
2 Citations

Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Abstract

Childhood and adolescence are critical periods that affect adults’ health status. Therefore, the factors influencing the health of children and adolescents should be analyzed. In Korea, a wide range of youth-related health data has been obtained, both on the regional level and on the national level. This report summarizes the current status of studies related to the health of Korean children and adolescents. Data for which open access is offered include the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Study, the Panel Study on Korean Children, the Korean Youth Panel Survey, the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey, and the Student Health Examination. In addition, the Health Examination of Korean Youth Outside of School, the Korean Children and Adolescents Obesity Cohort Study, the Korean Children’s Environmental Health Study, the Korea Youth Media Use and Harmful Environment Survey, the Comprehensive Survey of Korean Youth, and the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study are summarized.

Summary

Korean summary
청소년시기는 성인의 건강상태에 영향을 미치는 중요한 시기이다. 따라서 청소년의 건강에 영향을 미치는 여러 가지 요소들에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 한국에서 청소년건강과 관련한 데이터는 지역 단위에서뿐 아니라 국가 단위에서도 수집되고 있다. 해당 데이터가 공개되고 있는 것으로는 청소년건강행태온라인조사, 한국아동패널, 한국청소년패널조사, 한국아동ㆍ청소년패널조사, 학교건강검사가 있다. 이외에도 학교 밖 청소년 건강검진조사, 소아비만 및 대사질환 코호트, 어린이 환경 보건 출생코호트, 청소년 매체이용 및 유해환경 실태조사, 청소년 종합실태조사, 다문화청소년패널조사를 요약하였다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dietary intake and nutritional status of Korean children and adolescents: a review of national survey data
Minji Kang, So Yoon Choi, Minyoung Jung
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics.2021; 64(9): 443. CrossRef
Benefits of cooperation among large-scale cohort studies and human biomonitoring projects in environmental health research: An exercise in blood lead analysis of the Environment and Child Health International Birth Cohort Group
Shoji F. Nakayama, Carolina Espina, Michihiro Kamijima, Per Magnus, Marie-Aline Charles, Jun Zhang, Birgit Wolz, André Conrad, Aline Murawski, Miyuki Iwai-Shimada, Cécile Zaros, Ida Henriette Caspersen, Marike Kolossa-Gehring, Helle Margrete Meltzer, Sjur
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2019; 222(8): 1059. CrossRef

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search