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Factors affecting cognitive function according to gender in community-dwelling elderly individuals
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Miwon Kim, Jeong-Mo Park
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Epidemiol Health. 2017;39:e2017054. Published online November 15, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2017054
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the cognitive function of elderly people in a community by gender.
METHODS We obtained 4,878 secondary data of people aged ≥65 years in 2016 at a dementia prevention center in Gyeyang-gu, Incheon. Data were obtained through Mini-Mental Status Examination optimized for screening dementia and a questionnaire. The data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance, analysis of covariance, and hierarchical regression.
RESULTS There were significant differences in cognitive function according to gender, and the differences were significant even when age was controlled, but gender differences disappeared when education was controlled. Age, education, social activities, number of comorbid diseases, and alcohol drinking affected cognitive function through interaction with gender, but interaction with gender disappeared when education was controlled. Regression analysis showed that depression, cohabitant, social activities etc., had a significant impact on both men and women under controlled education and age. In men, the effect of social activities was greater than that of women, and hyperlipidemia had the effect only in women.
CONCLUSIONS The differences in gender-related cognitive functions were due to differences in gender education period. The period of education is considered to have a great influence on cognitive function in relation to the economic level, occupation, and social activity.
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Summary
Korean summary
연구결과 성별에 따른 인지기능의 차이는 성별 교육기간의 차이에서 기인된 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 연령, 교육, 사회활동, 동거인, 질병수, 음주가 성별과의 상호작용을 통해 인지기능에 영향을 미쳤으나 교육을 통제 하였을 때 성별과의 상호작용이 사라져 이들 변수들과 성별의 상호작용에 교육이 관련됨을 확인하였다. 회귀 분석결과 교육과 연령을 통제한 상태에서 우울, 동거인, 사회 활동 등 인지기능에 영향을 미치는 요인들이 남녀가 동일하였다.
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