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Distribution and Correlates of Obesity in a Korean Rural People.
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Jong Ku Park, Sang Baek Koh, Myung Gun Kang, Jin Baek Kim, Sook Jung Hyun, Ju Hee Hong, Jun Ho Park, Sei Jin Chang
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Korean J Epidemiol. 2004;26(2):8-19.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of present study was to assess the distribution and correlates of obesity in a Korean rural people using both body mass index(BMI) and body fat percent.METHODS A total of 1,243 participants were recruited using a two-staged stratified sampling. A structured questionnaire was used to ask their sociodemographics (gender, age, marital status, educational background, and etc.) and health-related behaviors (smoking, drinking, and regular exercise etc.). The data of weight-for height, and body fat percent were also collected by physical examination. For the estimation and analysis of correlates of obesity, we used BMI(>or=25kg/m2) and body fat percent(male>or=25%, female>or=30) as a cut-point of obesity. All analyses were stratified to three age groups(>20, 20-39, 40>or=).RESULTS The prevalence of obesity in this study was higher than that in previous studies. This study showed that 32.6% (male: 33.7%, female: 31.7%) of participants according to BMI, and 45.6% (male: 43.8%, female: 47.4%) of them according to body fat percent were obese group. Logistic regression analysis showed that, in the criteria of BMI, while obesity was associated with female and low educational background under the age of 40, prevalence of obesity was higher in non smokers over the age of 40. In case of body fat percent crteria, single(unmarried, divorced, separated, widowed) were more likely to be obese in male aged 20 to 39 years. In the group aged 40 years and over, risk of obesity was higher in female than in male.CONCLUSION This result suggests that obesity is common in Korean rural areas, especially among adolescents and female aged 40 years or over, and the risk factors for obesity were different by age. It is required that health management program focusing on obesity and its adverse outcomes should be developed in a community setting.
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Prevalence of Stroke in Pyongchang County.
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Jong Ku Park, Kyung Sook Cho, Chun Bae Kim, Jin Back Kim, Ha Ja Song, Kee Ho Park, Seong Gyu Ko
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Korean J Epidemiol. 2001;23(1):69-79.
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PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of stroke in Pyongchang county, Kangwon do.METHODS The presumptive stroke patients of Pyongchang county were identified with a key-person method in October 2000. And then, medical records of these patients were reviewed by well-trained two students who major in the science of medical record.RESULTS In the year 2000, there were 92 males and 68 females of self-diagnosed stroke. Of these, stroke patients based on physician's diagnosis were 102, and stroke patients based on CT/MRI findings or Minnesota criteria were 93.
Prevalence rate of self-reported stroke, stroke based on physician's diagnosis, and stroke based on CT/MRI findings or Minnesota criteria were 0.33%, 0.29%, and 0.26% respectively.CONCLUSION We conclude that verifying process of diagnosis is needed to estimate the prevalence of stroke in community.
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The Epidemiological Characteristics of a Shigellosis Outbreak (1998) in Wonju City, Kangwon-Do.
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Jong Ku Park, Chun Bae Kim, Won Seok Seok, Kee Ho Park, Seungjun Wang
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1999;21(2):131-141.
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From September 8-28 1998, 55 cases of shigellosis, characterized by watery diarrhea, high fever, abdominal cramps and headache were reported at K elementary school in Wonju City. The isolated serotype was Shigella sonnei (group D). We collected bacteriologic specimens from high-risk populations, disinfected epidemic areas, and monitored all the medical facilities in Wonju City. Through these efforts, we found 168 cases of shigellosis, and of these, 117 were culture-confirmed and 51 were diagnosed by symptoms.
The incidence rate per 10,000 population in Wonju City was 1.00 in males and 1.19 in females. The secondary attack rate was 13.6%. The mode of transmission at K elementary school was most often caused by the common epidemic source of single exposure. The source of infection was believed to be the foods distributed on September 7. However, epidemiologic evidence suggested that the sources of infection were scattered over many places within the city. The reasons included: i) shigellosis is an endemic disease in Korea; ii) there were shigellosis-like patients at J primary school in Wonju City in late August; and iii) there was a shigellosis outbreak at Chongil Myun, Hoeng Seong Gun, which was located near Wonju City, in early August.
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Epidemiological characteristics of cholera epidemic in Korea, 1991.
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Hee Choul Oh, Jong Ku Park, Mook Shik Kim, Kyoo Sang Kim, Sun Ha Jee, Soon Young Lee, Sun Hee Lee
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1991;13(2):112-122.
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From July 30th through September 9th, 1991, 188 cases of cholera were reported throughout most provinces in Korea. Of the cases 92 were bacteriologically confirmed and 96 were diagnosed by clinical symptoms. Through screening of the cholera epidemic area residents 58 inapparent infections were discovered and 8 deaths occurred.
A population interview survey was conducted to the people inhabiting the five villages at the two epidemic foci, Sochon and Okgu. Other various information sources such as reported cases to health centers or quarantine stations, medical records of some hospitals, and laboratory findings of National Institute of Health were used to describe the cholera epidemic. Data from these sources were rearranged and analysed on an individual bases. Epidemiological characteristics of the 1991 cholera epidemic of Korea are as follows:
1. Vibrio cholerae biotype El Tor, sero type Ogawa was the causitive agent.
2. The epidemic duration was 25 days from August 13th to September 7th.
3. Epidemiological investigation of the two epidemic foci-Sochon, and Okgu counties-in the west coastal regions of the Korean penisula-revealed that 155 cases occurred in explosive outbreaks amounting to 82.5% of the total 188 noted cholera cases.
4. The epidemic curve of the 1991 cholera epidemic showed that of a typical point-source outbreak suggesting that there were few secondary infected cases.
5. Lower incidence rates among younger age groups and higher incidence rates among older age groups were noted. These findings support that this cholera outbreak was epidemic not endemic.
These findings suggest that epidemiological characteristecs of the 1991 cholera epidemic differ from those of 1980 or before, in number of patients, duration of epidemic and the epidemic curve pattern. The authors suspect that improved national and personal hygiene might explain the difference.
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Correlates of blood pressure during childhood
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Jong Ku Park, Bong Suk Cha, Myung Keyn Lee, Gap Jun Yoon, Sei Jin Chang
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1989;11(2):232-245.
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Blood pressure of 3,833 school children aged 6 to 14 years has been measured in April to June 1989 at Wonju county, Kangwon, Korea.
The objectives of this study were to identify the distribution of blood pressure in school children, and the factors related to that.
The mean blood pressure increased by age in both sexes but are higher in female. Systolic blood pressure was highest in blood group O and lowest in blood group B.
Blood pressures were correlated positively with age, Quetelet index, Kaup index, height, weight, sitting height, arm circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, air temperature, altitude, pulse rate,
serum total protein, albumin, globulin, uric aicd, glucose, and triglyceride, and negatively with LDL-cholesterol.
Most of the correlation coefficients were higher with systolic blood pressure than with diastolic blood pressure.
In multiple regression analysis, 43.6% of the variation in systolic blood pressure was explained with weight, pulse rate, age, arm circumference, height, and triceps skinfold thickness and 32.3% of that in diastolic blood pressure was explained with weight, age, pulse rate, and triceps skinfold thickness.
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Factors affecting the blood pressure in children
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Jong Ku Park, Myung Keyn Lee, Sei Jin Chang, Bong Suk Cha
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1988;10(2):239-245.
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Blood pressure of 1,306 school children aged 6 to 12 years has been measured in May to June 1988 at Wonsung county, Kangwon, Korea.
The objectives of this study were to identify the distribution of blood pressure in school children, and the factors related to that.
The general patterns of distributions of blood pressures were similar to that of other countries. However, the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure by age were lower than that of U.S. children especially in the younger age groups. There is a progressive rise of blood pressure of approximately 2.0 mmHg systolic pressure and diastolic pressure per year of age for male and 2.4 mmHg systolic and 1.5 mmHg diastolic pressure for female. The older aged, the taller, the weightier, those with higher Kaup index, and females showed the higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
In multiple regression analysis, 24.2% of the variation in systolic blood pressure was explained with weight, temperature, pulse rate, and measuring time and 16.8% of that in diastolic blood pressure was explained with weight, pulse rate, and age.
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Prevalence rate, incidence rate, case fatality ratio and death rate for stroke in Kang Wha county, 1976-1979
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Il Soon Kim, Jong Ku Park, Hee Chull Oh
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1980;2(1):83-88.
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To identify magnitude and dynamicity of stroke incidence and death, a series of community based studies on stroke was conducted from 1976 to 1979 in Kang Wha Island.
Because of poor coverage of quality medical care and poor death registry system of Korea the accurate, reliable death rate and causes of death are largely unknown. For instance the death rates so far reported in Korea due to stroke were varied from 26 to 221 per 100,000 population. This big variation was largely due to the incomplete death registration and unreliable diagnosis for causes of death in Korea.
However, all the records have unanimously shown that the stroke death has been the most common cause of deaths in Korea.
The Kang Wha County where Yonsei University has developed community health demonstration project since 1975 and where health information system is well established was chosen for this study. A prevalence survey was conducted as of May 1, 1979 and the incidence and death rates were computed with events occurred for the past 4years from 1976 to 1979. The diagnosis of stroke was made by two physicians with predetermined criteria.
The prevalence rate for stroke was 272 per 100,000 population which is considered to be very low compare with that of other countries.
The incidence rate for stroke was 254 and death rate 195 per 100,000. These rates are considered to be one of the highest in the world.
The high incidence and death rates and low prevalence rate for stroke were caused by very high case fatality ratio which was 65.8%.
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Trends of the cardiovascular disease studies in Korea.
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Jong Ku Park
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Korean J Epidemiol. ;15(1):47-55.
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Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in industrialized countries including Korea. Therefore, there were many study endeavours to find out the risk factors of this disease in western countries. In western countries, most of the study subjects were ischemic heart disease in white. Therefore, it is needed to study cardiovascular diseases in nonwhite. In this situation, identifying the trends of the cardiovascular disease studies will be helpful to make a guideline of studying this disease in Korea.
Materials are the papers published in Korea related with cardio vascular disease except whose study subjests are diagnosis or treatment of this disease.
The results are as follows :
1. Most of the study subjects were hypertensions other than cerebrovascular diseases and ischemic heart diseases.
2. Among the several study methods, cross-sectional study was the most popular.
This study suggests the necessity of activities in studying cerebrovascular diseases and ischemic heart diseases under the study designs of cohort study and experimental study.
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