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A Seroepidemiologic Study on Rubella Antibody Positivity: Primary School Students in Gyenggi-Do.
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Bo Youl Choi, Hung Bae Park, Young Jeon Shin, Bae Joong Yoon, Jong Surk Hahn
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1995;17(2):156-166.
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PURPOSE
The purpose of this seroepidmiologic study was to examine the immunization and infection history of rubella, positivity of rubella specific antibody, seroconversion rate of two rubella vaccines and to develop an adequate immunization program of rubella. Research Methods : Subjects of the study were 2.071 students of 8 priamary schools in Gyenggi-Do. Questionnaire and blood sampling were done. Test method of Rubella specific antibody was ELISA (Abbott IMx autoanalyzer). The anayltic methods for the study were chi-square-test, t-test and ANOVA.RESULTS The results of the study were as follows : (1)The number of subjects who had infection history of rubella were only 28 students(1.5%). (2)The immunization rate of rubella was the highest in 6 year-old group(65%), it decrease as subjects grow older. (3)The positivity of rubella antibody was 76. 6%, it is the highest in 6 year old group and the lowest in 7 year-old group and it increase again as subjects grow older. (4)Average antibody titer was 53.3 IU(SD 79.2), the trend of antibody titer by age was similar to that of positivity. (5)The seroconversion rates of both vaccines, vaccine A,vaccine B, were 99.5% and 99.6%, the ratio of increase of antibody titer after immunization was higer than 400. it means that both vaccines are very efficacious.CONCLUSION Results of the study suggest that it is necessary to increase the coverage of rubella immunization, and further studies are necessary to get more information for rubella.
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Epidemiological Study on the Mumps Epidemic: In one Primary School in Hwasung-Kun, Kyonggi-Do.
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Joung Soon Kim, Bo Youl Choi, Hung Bae Park, Young Jon Shin, Jeong Il Son, Mo Ran Ki, Yong Wha Oh, Keum Nie Bang, In Suk Choi
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1995;17(1):105-115.
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In the last years, according to the increasing incidence of measles and other viral diseases, it have been needed to study on not only the fundamental epidemiological characteristics of mumps and measles but also judgement on the effectiveness of vaccine that meet our domestic situation. The author carried out questionnaire to obtain epidemiological characteristics and vaccine efficacy of mumps on epidemics of mumps in one primary school in Hwasung-kun, Kyonggi Do from Feb. to July, 1994. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Total students was 556, but 446(78.4%) responded to the questionnaire. Among that 446,130(29. 1%) have suffered from mumps. From 9 to 10 year old students had the high attack rates, especially 10 year olds has the highest(39. 7%). 2. From Feb. 2, 1994, first case was on, to July 6, 1994, the epidemic was continues, and attack rate was higest in May(50. 5%). 3. Among the 130 mumps patients, 5 have suffered from complication(3.8%) : encephalitis 3(2 in male, 1 in female). 4. Vaccination rate was 91%, and as ages were lowered, the rates were higher. 5.
Attack rate was higher in group who had time interval after vaccination less than 5 years than total attack rate, and was higher in group who had been vaccined after 5 year old.
6. Attack rate in vaccinated group was 27.3%. 7. Vaccine efficacies, be judged by three methods of analysis according to case definition and vaccination status, were 37.4 39. 2%.
8. Factors that have significantly affected the mumps epidemic were vaccination status and vaccination age.
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An epidemiologic study on the leptospiral infection in the period of an anticipated epidemic: for soldires stationed in a rural area.
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Bo Youl Choi, Dae Eun Chung, Soo Jin Lee, Hung Bae Park, Jeoung Bae Park, Kyung Hee Lee, Jeong Soon Kim
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1992;14(2):91-101.
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No abstract available.
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A follow-up study on the chronological changes of HBV serologicmarkers in a rural community, Korea.
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Bo Youl Choi, Yeong Tae Kim, Ung Ring Ko, Sae Jung Oh, Hung Bae Park
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1991;13(1):6-22.
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To estimate incidence rate of HBV infection, prevalence rate of chronic carrier and seroconversion rate of anti-HBs, the chronological changes of HBV serologic markers including HBsAg, Anti-HBs and Anti-HBc were studied using radio-immunoassay(RIA). Two consecutive prevalence surveys were carried out in 14 months ; the first one, from September to December, 1988 and the follow-up, from November, 1989 to March, 1990. Total study subjects were 314 persons(2-85 years in age) who had never been vaccinated against HBV and lived in a typical rural community (Yangpyeong Gun, Gyeong-Gi Do, Korea).
The results are summarized as follows.
1. The HBV serological markers chronologically changed in a wide variety of pattern. Serologic profiles with HBsAg were more variable than the other profiles.
2. The incidence rate of HBV infection was estimated at 10.26% (95% CI ； 5.77-15.38%) and prevalence rate of HBsAg chronic carrier, at 5.40% (95% CI ; 3.18-7.96%). There were no statistically significant differences by age and sex in both the incidence rate of HBV infection and the prevalence rate of chronic carrier.
3. Seroconversion rate of Anti-HBs positives was 9.76% (95% CI ； 4.88-15.45%).
4. The level of HBsAg and Anti-HBs titer at the first prevalence survey had a predictive value in forecasting the chronic carrier state of HBsAg and seroconversion of Anti-HBs positive. Seroconversion rate of only Anti-HBs positives(25.00%) was substantially higher than that of the cases of Anti-HBs and Anti- HBc both positive(6.45%),.
The result suggests that further follow-up study, for a longer period with the more frequent examinations of HBV serologic markers, will be necessary to make a better understanding of the natural course of HBV infection.
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A study on the positive rate of rubella antibody and the sero-conversion rate after rubella vaccination.
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Young Jeon Choi, Hung Bae Park, Young Jeon Shin, Bae Joong Yoon, Joong Surk Hahn
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Korean J Epidemiol. ;15(2):173-184.
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Rubella is a viral disease in childhood. Its clinical manifestations are nonspecific and not serious. Rubella was not interested until Gregg noted that rubella infection in early pregnancy could lead to a congenital cataract, in 1941. Gregg's report gave the impetus of many investigations. They proved that rubella lead to various congenital defects, such as, heart defect, deafness, mental retardation, etc.. It was called ‘Congenital rubella syndrome’. Live-attenuated rubella vaccines were developed and licensed in United State and United Kingdom in 1969. However, nationwide vaccination pregram in Korea did not begin until the early 1980s.
This study was carried out 1) to obtain positive rate of rubella antibody among female students who were target population of British type vaccination program, 2) to estimate sero-conversion rate after rubella vaccination. Study population was 1st grade students(1,190persons) of 9 girls' high schools in Gyenggi-Do, and they were not target population of MMR (mealses, mumps, rubella) vaccination program, The rubella antibody, Im-munoglobulin G, was measured by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay； Robzyme®, Abott)
The results were summarized as follows
1. Positive rate among 1,008 female, students who didn't have past history of rubella vaccination was 83.1% (838/1,008) and there were no significant differences according to age, residential area (rural area/city area/mixed area) and socioeconomic status (p>0.05).
2. Vaccinations were applied to 171 sero-negative students in initial antibody test. In second test, sero-conversion rate was 94.7% (162/171). Second vaccination and 3rd sero-logic test were given to 9 students, who were negative in the second test after 1st vaccination. Among them, only 4 students (44.4%) got immunity, and their Rubazyme indicies as a indicator of antibody titer were lower than that of students antibodies were converted to positive after 1st vaccination.
3. Among 172 vaccinees, 17 persons (9.9%) were suffered from mild and transient side effects.
These results suggested that the British type vaccination program be required in girls aged 10-14 years who didn't take MMR. Effectiveness of vaccine used in this study was confirmed because of it’s high sero-conversion rate and minimal side effects.
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