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Byung Chul Chun 9 Articles
An interim review of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus
Sukhyun Ryu, Byung Chul Chun, Korean Society of Epidemiology 2019-nCoV Task Force Team
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020006.   Published online February 6, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020006
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) from Wuhan, China is currently recognized as a public health emergency of global concern.
METHODS
We reviewed the currently available literature to provide up-to-date guidance on control measures to be implemented by public health authorities.
RESULTS
Some of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV have been identified. However, there remain considerable uncertainties, which should be considered when providing guidance to public health authorities on control measures.
CONCLUSIONS
Additional studies incorporating more detailed information from confirmed cases would be valuable.
Summary
Korean summary
여러 국외 연구를 통해 2019 신종 코로나바이러스에 대한 역학적 특성이 보고되고 있다. 아직까지 지역사회 전파 예방 및 관리방안을 제시하기 위한 역학적 근거가 아직까지 밝혀지지 않은 부분이 많아 지속적인 추가 연구가 필요하다.

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Individual and regional factors associated with suicidal ideation among Korean elderly: a multilevel analysis of the Korea Community Health Survey
Sang Hee Jeong, Byung Chul Chun
Epidemiol Health. 2019;41:e2019022.   Published online May 26, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019022
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to identify the individual and regional characteristics that influence suicidal ideation among the Korean elderly population.
METHODS
Using data collected from the 2013 Korea Community Health Survey, a multilevel analysis was performed to establish an understanding of individual behavioral patterns and regional influences on suicidal ideation.
RESULTS
Among the 77,407 individuals sampled, 11,236 (14.5%) elderly people over 60 years of age experienced suicidal ideation. Among individual factors, age, frequency of communication with friends, religious activity, social activity, leisure activity, trust in neighbors, subjective stress level, depressive symptoms, and subjective health status were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. The results showed that the lower the regional deprivation level, the higher the suicidal ideation odds ratio. In terms of regional size, the most significant effects were found in rural areas.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggested that suicidal ideation in the elderly is associated with community factors, such as the regional deprivation index, as well as personal factors.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 60세 이상 연령의 개인 요인에 따른 자살 생각에 영향을 미치는 요인과 지역 요인을 모두 반영하여 자살 생각에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하는 것으로 지역사회건강조사에 응답한 60대 이상 노인 77,407명 중 11,236(14.5%)명을 표본대상으로 선정하여 노인의 자살생각 가능성과 관련된 개인의 행태와 지역 또는 집단에서 영향력을 파악하기 위한 다수준 분석을 실시하였다. 결과적으로 본 연구는 60세이상의 노인에서 자살 생각에 개인적 요인 뿐 아니라 지역박탈지수와 같은 지역 요인이 관여한다는 점을 시사한다.

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Epidemic modeling and Table-top Exercise for Emerging Infectious Diseases in Korea.
Byung Chul Chun
Korean J Epidemiol. 2006;28(1):47-63.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Understanding the spread of infections is of vital importance in the control of epidemics and the development of proper policies toprevent infectious diseases. Theory and techniques have been developed for the study of both the evolution of diseases with individual people and the transmission of infections through populations. From broad theoretical issues to specific practical problems, the mathematical modeling studies of infectious diseases have provided great insight to solve the mechanisms of disease spread and to predict the course of epidemics. Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases have attracted widespread concern in Korea. While preparing the influenza pandemic plan in 2004, we developed a model of the new influenza pandemic to estimate the number of cases and deaths, the shortage of medical resources, and the effect of interventions such as isolation and vaccination. Based on this model, we constructed a possible pandemic scenario of the emerging virus, and designed a table-top exercise for public health officials and related administration staff. On March 30th, 2005, the exercise was performed and the results were evaluated as successful. In the case of bioterrorism, a model of small pox epidemic was developed in 2005 to examine the speed of the disease spread in the population and to evaluate the intervention effects in a Korean city. The simulation results were also helpful to form a guideline to prepare for a small pox epidemic. These two experiments confirmed the usefulness of epidemic modeling in Korea.
Summary
Epidemiology and Prevention Strategies of Avian Influenza.
Byung chul Chun, Jae hong Kim, Yoon jung Lee, Kang Chun, Hyun mee Kim, Young kuk Kwon, Jun gu Choi, Eun kyoung Lee, Choi kyu Park, Sung hwan Wee, Soon ja Choi
Korean J Epidemiol. 2005;27(1):90-107.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Natural infections with influenza A viruses have been reported in a variety of animal species including humans, pigs, horses, sea mammals, and birds. Although viruses of relatively few haemagglutinin(HA) and neuraminidase(NA) subtype combinations have been isolated from mammalian species, all subtypes, in most combinations, have been isolated from birds. During the past few years, several subtypes of avian influenza A have been shown to cross the species barrier and infect humans. During an outbreak of a highly pathogenic influenza A(H5N1) virus among poultry in Hong Kong in 1997, 6 of 18 people with confirmed infection died. And a total of 89 human infections with influenza A(H7N7), including 1 resulting in the death of a Dutch veterinarian, occurred during the extensive outbreak in 2003. During late 2003 and early 2004, there were reports of large outbreaks of H5N1 among poultry throughout Asia (including Korea, Japan, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and China). In Korea, we had also highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI) outbreak in 2003~2004 with a first suspected case reported on 10 December 2003. The case was reported at a parent stock farm for broilers, which was located in Chungbuk province, and the farm was immediately placed under movement restrictions. Laboratory tests confirmed the outbreak of HPAI on 12 December 2003. Up to 20 March 2004, a total of 19 farms were confirmed as having been infected with HPAI virus. No further outbreaks occurred after that date. Fortunately there were no human cases founded in this epidemic in Korea. In January 2004, there was confirmation that influenza A(H5N1) virus had been isolated from patients who had died of a respiratory illness in Vietnam. Total 107 human confirmed cases were reported until June 2005 to WHO, threatening new pandemic outbreak. We reviewed our prevention and control strategies of avian influenza and preparedness to the pandemic outbreak.
Summary
Introduction of zoonses in Korea.
Seung churl Park, Byung Chul Chun, Ki Dong Park
Korean J Epidemiol. 2005;27(1):1-11.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Many new human pathogens that have emerged or reemerged worldwide originated from animals or from products of animal origin. Many animal species as well as categories of agents have been involved in the emergence of diseases. Nearly all of these emergent disease episodes have involved zoonotic infectious agents; that is, they have involved the transmission of the etiologic agent to humans from an ongoing reservoir life cycle in animals or arthropods. Control of zooneses depends on attempts to reduce vector populations of limit contact with reservior species. But in most instances, the control efforts require environmental or human behavioral modification in addition to direct efforts at vector population reduction. We described the general ecological characteristics of zoonses and epidemiologic features of 7 important zoonoses in Korea-anthrax, brucellosis, rabies, E. coli O157 infection, japanese B encephalitis, bovine spongiform encephalitis and variant Creutzfelt-Jacob diseases, and high pathogenic avian influenza. We have made some suggestions in this article. First the network of medical field and veterinary field(including experts and governmental organization) should be systematically organized in zoonosis surveillance, epidemic investigation, outbreak control and so forth. Second, we should practically prepare the new emerging epidemics-including pandemic and bioterrorism in connection with zoonoses control. Third, we need ecological and epidemiological basic studies on zoonoses in Korea, and finally, the zoonoses control policy should be connected food safety.
Summary
Sentinel Surveillance System for Pediatric Communicable Diseases.
Young Ohk Yoo, Eun Kyeong Jeong, Ok Park, Byung Chul Chun
Korean J Epidemiol. 2004;26(2):32-42.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to review the process for establishing a pediatric communicable diseases sentinel surveillance system, and the results of operation based on the accumulated data to understand the descriptive epidemiologic characteristics of pediatric communicable diseases.
METHODS
A sentinel surveillance system for pediatric communicable diseases was developed in May 2001 with the 202 doctors in pediatric clinics who participated voluntarily. The target diseases for sentinel surveillance were measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox and aseptic meningitis. The case definitions of those diseases for surveillance were divided into confirmed cases and suspected cases by the diseases definitions of national notifiable diseases system. The participants should report as soon as possible when they diagnosed measles, mumps, rubella cases including suspected ones. But chicken pox and aseptic meningitis cases were reported once a week in regular base including zero report. We collected the data from May 2001 to December 2003 and showed the descriptive epidemiologic characteristics of each disease.
RESULTS
The average reporting proportion among survellance doctors has been increased, about 88% in 2003. For measles, 206 cases were reported in 2001, 10 cases in 2002, and 2 cases in 2003. Children under the age of 2 (53.4 %) showed the highest. Among the measles cases, 86.4% had no previous vaccination history. In case of mumps, 246 cases in 2001, 241 in 2002, and 566 cases in 2003 were reported. Mumps showed seasonality, highest from April to June in each year. The sex ratio was about 1.5(M:F = 6:4). Among the reported cases, 76.9 % had previous MMR immunization history at least one time. For Rubella, 9 cases in 2001, 3 in 2002, and no case were reported in 2003. The chicken pox case proportion per 100 pediatric consultations showed peak in from May to June and from November to January. 3-5 year-old children (45.7%) were showed high proportion by age.
CONCLUSION
This study described the process of establishing and operating a system for the pediatric communicable disease sentinel surveillance. We analyzed the desriptive epidemiologic characteristic of the reported data from May 2001 to December 2003. These data maybe useful to build the policy of public health management for communicable diseases control system and vaccine preventable diseases.
Summary
A Population-Based Case-Control Study on the Risk Factors of Congenital Heart Malformations.
Soon Ho Soh, Byung Chul Chun, Soon Duck Kim, Bae Jung Yoon, Yong Tae Yum
Korean J Epidemiol. 1999;21(2):234-247.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
The multifactorial hypothesis is proposed as a working hypothesis which encompass both the genetic and environmental factors known to participate in the etiology of congenital heart malformations. So, it is believed that avoidance of suspected environmental factors in early pregnancy is the most certain preventive measure of congenital heart malformations. This study has been undertaken in order to find the possible environmental risk factors for congenital heart malformations in Korea. A total of 114 mothers of first graders of the elementary schools with congenital heart malformations confirmed through the screening program in Kyonggi Province from 1992 to 1995 were included as cases. And 206 mothers of healthy students matched by sex and elementary schools comprised the control group. Environmental risk factors including drug use during the first trimester of pregnancy, and other confounders were collected by telephone interview using standardized questionnaires by well trained interviewers. The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that congenital heart malformation were associated with family history of congenital heart malformations(OR=2.94, 95% CI: 1.08, 7.96), the order of birth(OR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.79). And the coffee consumption over 14 cups/week during early pregnancy showed marginal significance(OR=3.52, 95%CI: 0.98, 12.62). The mother's age at the subject birth and father's smoking at home were significant in linear trend test(p<0.05). It is recommended that the genetic counselling and the avoidance of known environmental risk factors in early pregnancy were needed to prevent congenital heart malformations.
Summary
Preventive Efficacy of Influenza Vaccination against to Influenza-like Illness among Eldery.
Byung Chul Chun, Heung Jeong Woo, Seung Chul Park
Korean J Epidemiol. 1999;21(2):205-219.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Influenza is a highly infectious viral illness. The epidemics of influenza occur from the late fall to the early spring nearly every year and are responsible for several hundred thousand death per year all over the world. Influenza vaccine is the primary method for preventing influenza and its more severe complications. The efficacy of influenza vaccination have been well known in developed countries. The influenza vaccination has been recommended as one of the tentative immunization schedule for indicated persons since 1997 in Korea. But there are still no available data about them, even though nearly 5 - 8 million doses of influenza vaccine were used in a winter season. PURPOSE: To assess the clinical efficacy of influenza vaccine against influenza-like illness(ILI) among Korean elderly(age over 65).
METHODS
Primary study design - a prospective field trial. Study subjects and method - We prospectively observed the 1,488 vaccinee and 1,425 non-vaccinee in a community(Nonsan city) from November 1 1998 to March 31 1999. The vaccinee were those who randomly selected 100-200 per 13 sub-region(Myon) in Nonsan city, and the non-vaccinee were those who had not vaccinated until January 1999 among the Nonsan city elderly cohort. This cohort was consisted of 5,787 elderly(over 1/3 of total elderly population) who had ever visited the community health center or 13 public health offices in Nonsan city in 1998. We followed up these two groups two times-in January and April 1999 - by telephone survey. The questionnaire included the questions about the health behaviors, medical history, socioeconomic condition, medical security type, physical function status, medical facility utilization in the season, symptom and signs of influenza-like illness, number and type of the flu, hospitalization or not. We did throat swap to isolate the virus of 490 patient who had influenza -like symptoms in the same period.
RESULTS
Influenza vaccination was significantly reduced the incidence of influenza -like illness(fever or chilling sensation and cough or sore throat) in the vaccinated. The preventive effect of influenza-like illness among influenza risk group was about 32%(95% CI, 20%-44%). The illness duration of main symptoms of influenza-like illness(fever, cough) was significantly shorter in the vaccinee. The consistency of the survey was noted quite high from the analysis of the result of test-retest(104 person).
CONCLUSION
Influenza vaccination significantly reduced the incidence of influenza-like illness(32%) among elderly.
Summary
Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases in Korea.
Joung Soon Kim, Byung Chul Chun
Korean J Epidemiol. 1997;19(2):81-94.
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  • 39 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
No abstract available.
Summary

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