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Systematic Review
Prevalence of high-risk HPV genotypes in sub-Saharan Africa according to HIV status: a 20-year systematic review
Jude Ogechukwu Okoye, Chukwudi Amaechi Ofodile, Oluwaseun Kelechi Adeleke, Okechi Obioma
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021039.   Published online May 25, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021039
  • 12,537 View
  • 347 Download
  • 18 Web of Science
  • 19 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This review assessed the rate of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women living in sub-Saharan Africa. It also determined the prevalence of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive (HIV+) and seronegative (HIV-) women in sub-Saharan Africa, pre-2010 and post-2010.
METHODS
In this systematic review, Google Scholar, PubMed Central, and Embase were searched to identify cohort and case-control studies that investigated the relationship between HIV and HPV infection. The database searches yielded 17 studies published between 1999 and 2018.
RESULTS
In the general population, the prevalence of any HPV/multiple HPV infections was higher among HIV+ (53.6/22.6%) than among HIV- women (26.5/7.3%) with odds ratios of 3.22 and 3.71, respectively (95% confidence interval, 3.00 to 3.42 and 2.39 to 5.75, p< 0.001). The prevalent HPV genotypes among HIV+ and HIV- women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer (ICC) were HPV-16/18 and HPV-45. The prevalence of HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-45 was lower in 1999-2010 (3.8, 1.7, and 0.8%, respectively) than in 2011-2018 (19.1, 6.0, and 3.6%, respectively). Among women diagnosed with ICC, HIV+ women had a higher prevalence of HPV-56, HPV-31, and HPV-51 (7.3, 5.3, and 3.3%, respectively) than HIV- women (1.3, 2.2, and 0.4%, p< 0.001, p= 0.050, and p= 0.013, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of HPV infection, multiple HPV infections, and non-vaccine HPV types were higher among HIV+ women than among HIV- women in sub-Saharan Africa. Although HIV infection influences the distribution of HPV types, this study suggests that cervical cancer incidence in sub-Saharan Africa is primarily driven by the prevalence of vaccine hrHPVs, especially HPV-16 and HPV-18.
Summary
Key Message
Despite increasing awareness of Human papillomavirus (HPV) among women and availability of HPV vaccines, mounting evidence shows that the age-standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer is increasing in sub-Saharan Africa. This review revealed the influences of some viruses on the trends of the disease between 1999-2010 and 2011-2018.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Human Papillomavirus Types and Cervical Cancer Screening among Female Sex Workers in Cameroon
    Simon M. Manga, Yuanfan Ye, Kathleen L. Nulah, Florence Manjuh, Joel Fokom-Domgue, Isabel Scarinci, Alan N. Tita
    Cancers.2024; 16(2): 243.     CrossRef
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    Sophia U. Okeke
    African Journal of Laboratory Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Nancy Innocentia Ebu Enyan, Sebastian Ken-Amoah, Derek Anamaale Tuoyire, Kafui Patrick Akakpo, Elizabeth Agyare, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
    BMC Women's Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The role of multiple high‐risk human papillomavirus infection on the persistence recurrence of high‐grade cervical lesions after standard treatment: A systematic review and a meta‐analysis
    Chiara Cassani, Mattia Dominoni, Marianna Francesca Pasquali, Barbara Gardella, Arsenio Spinillo
    Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • Exogenous Vimentin Supplementation Transiently Affects Early Steps during HPV16 Pseudovirus Infection
    Sinead Carse, Dirk Lang, Arieh A. Katz, Georgia Schäfer
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Review
Human papillomavirus 16 infection as a potential risk factor for prostate cancer: an adaptive meta-analysis
Jong-Myon Bae
Epidemiol Health. 2015;37:e2015005.   Published online February 11, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015005
  • 21,535 View
  • 188 Download
  • 26 Web of Science
  • 27 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Although an expert review published in 2013 concluded that an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and prostate cancer (PCa) risk had not yet been firmly established, a 2011 systematic review of 14 articles revealed an increased prevalence of HPV-16 DNA in PCa tissues. Another meta-analysis of the related articles is needed to evaluate the potential link between HPV infection and PCa risk.
METHODS
A snowballing search strategy was applied to the previously cited articles in the above-mentioned expert review and systematic review. Additional articles selected for this meta-analysis should fulfill all following inclusion criteria: (a) evaluation of detected HPV-16 DNA in tissue samples and the PCa risk and (b) report of the HPV-16 prevalence in both cancer and control tissues. Estimated summary odds ratios (sOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using fixed effect or random-effect models.
RESULTS
Hand searching identified 16 new articles. The sOR of the total 30 articles indicated a significant HPV-16 infection-related increase in the PCa risk (sOR, 1.851; 95% CI, 1.353 to 2.532, I2=37.82%).
CONCLUSIONS
These facts provide additional supportive evidence for a causal role of HPV-16 infection in prostate carcinogenesis. As the PCa incidence rates have increased rapidly in Asian countries, including Korea, during the last several decades, further studies of HPV-related PCa carcinogenesis may be necessary.
Summary
Korean summary
전립선암의 교정가능한 위험요인으로 만성재발성 염증을 야기하는 HPV 감염이 주목받고 있다. 지금까지의 체계적 고찰과 전문가 종설은 뚜렷한 인과성이 없다고 결론내고 있다. 이에 새로이 발표된 관련 논문들을 확보하여 메타분석을 다시 수행하였다. 총 30개의 대상논문에 대한 메타분석을 시행하였을 때, HPV 16 감염이 위험요인임을 확인하였다. (sOR = 1.851, 95% CI: 1.353 – 2.532, I2=37.82%).

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