Epidemiology and Health

Original Articles

Preventable causes of cancer in Texas by race/ethnicity: tobacco smoking: Franciska J. Gudenkauf, Aaron P. Thrift; Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021046. Published online July 13, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021046

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Abstract Summary PDF: Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Tobacco smoking is classified as carcinogenic to humans (International Agency for Research on Cancer Group 1). We aimed to estimate the percentage and number of incident cancer cases diagnosed in Texas in 2015 that were attributable to tobacco smoking, and we examined differences in the proportions of smoking-attributable cancers between the major racial/ethnic subgroups of the population.
METHODS
We calculated population-attributable fractions for cancers attributable to tobacco smoking using prevalence data from the Texas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and relative risks associated with smoking status from pooled analyses of cohort studies or meta-analyses. Cancer incidence data were collected from the Texas Cancer Registry.
RESULTS
We estimated that 19,000 excess cancer cases or 18.4% of all cancers diagnosed in 2015 in Texans aged ≥ 25 years were caused by tobacco smoking. Males had a higher overall proportion of cancers attributable to tobacco smoking than females (male, 23.3%, 11,993 excess cases; female, 13.5%, 7,006 cases). Approximately 20% of cancer cases in non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks were attributable to tobacco smoking compared to 12.8% among Hispanics.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite ongoing public health campaigns combatting tobacco use, this preventable behavior still contributes significantly to cancer incidence in Texas. Racial/ethnic differences in smoking prevalence and smoking-attributable cancer incidence should be considered when designing cancer prevention programs.; Summary

Key Message
Tobacco smoking remains a major contributor to cancer burden in the United States, particularly among men, non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic Blacks due to historically higher smoking rates.

Estimation of the population attributable fraction of road-related injuries due to speeding and passing in Iran: Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani, Hamid Soori, Kamyar Mansori, Manoochehr Karami, Erfan Ayubi, Salman Khazaei; Epidemiol Health. 2016;38:e2016038. Published online August 29, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016038

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4 Crossref

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Speeding and passing are considered to be the main human factors resulting in road traffic injuries (RTIs). This study aimed to estimate the population attributeable fraction (PAF) of speeding and passing in RTIs in rural Iran during 2012.

METHODS

The contribution of speeding and passing to RTI-related morbidity and mortality was estimated using the PAF method. The prevalence of speeding and passing was obtained from the national traffic police data registry. A logistic regression model was used to measure the association between the above risk factors and RTIs.

RESULTS

Speeding accounted for 20.96% and 16.61% of rural road-related deaths and injuries, respectively. The corresponding values for passing were 13.50% and 13.44%, respectively. Jointly, the PAF of these factors was 31.63% for road-related deaths and 27.81% for injuries.

CONCLUSIONS

This study illustrates the importance of controlling speeding and passing as a high-priority aspect of public-health approaches to RTIs in Iran. It is recommended that laws restricting speeding and passing be enforced more strictly.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Human Risk Factors for Severity of Injuries in Urban and Suburban Traffic Accidents in Southern Iran: An Insight from Police Data
Meisam Abolvardi, Nader Sharifi, Karamatollah Rahmanian, Vahid Rahmanian
International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of the effect of fixed speed cameras on speeding behavior among Iranian taxi drivers through telematics monitoring
Hamed Tavolinejad, Mohammad-Reza Malekpour, Nazila Rezaei, Ayyoob Jafari, Naser Ahmadi, Ali Nematollahi, Elham Abdolhamidi, Elmira Foroutan Mehr, Milad Hasan, Farshad Farzadfar
Traffic Injury Prevention.2021; 22(7): 559. CrossRef
Spousal violence against women and its association with sociodemographic factors and husbands’ controlling behaviour: the findings of Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (2015–2016)
Tayzar Tun, Per-Olof Ostergren
Global Health Action.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Time Series Analysis of Mortalities Resulting from Car Accidents in the Injured Individuals Hospitalized in Shiraz Shahid Rajaee Hospital During 2010 - 2016
Haleh Ghaem, Mahmoud Hajipour, Hamid Reza Tababataee, Mahnaz Yadollahi, Fatemeh Izanloo
Trauma Monthly.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

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