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Original Article
- Association of work-time control with burnout and turnover intention: a cross-sectional analysis of a general working population in Korea
- Hye-Eun Lee, Seong-Sik Cho, Mo-Yeol Kang
- Epidemiol Health. 2026;48:e2026011. Published online February 21, 2026
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2026011
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AbstractOBJECTIVES
For employees, work-time control (WTC) may protect against burnout and turnover. However, evidence from Korean workplaces is limited. This study aimed to examine whether WTC is associated with burnout and turnover intention and to test whether burnout mediates this relationship.METHODSWe analyzed data from 4,745 wage workers in the 2024 wave of the Korean Work, Sleep, and Health Study. WTC was assessed across 6 domains, burnout was measured using the Korean Burnout Syndrome Scale, and turnover intention was assessed using a validated 4-item scale. Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations of WTC quartile with burnout and turnover intention, and mediation analysis was used to decompose the association between WTC and turnover intention through burnout.RESULTSAmong 4,745 workers, the prevalence of burnout was 3.9% and turnover intention was 34.5%; both increased stepwise across lower WTC quartiles. In adjusted models, workers in the lowest WTC quartile had higher odds of burnout (odds ratio [OR], 3.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.41 to 6.47) and turnover intention (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.85 to 2.71) than those in the highest quartile. Mediation analysis showed that burnout explained 36.6% (95% CI, 22.3 to 51.0) of the association between WTC and turnover intention.CONCLUSIONSLower WTC was linked to higher burnout and turnover intention, with burnout explaining more than one-third of this relationship. -
SummaryKorean summary
근로시간 통제(work-time control, WTC)가 낮을수록 한국 노동자에서 번아웃과 이직 의도가 더 높게 나타났다. WTC가 가장 낮은 집단은 가장 높은 집단에 비해 번아웃 위험이 약 4배, 이직 의도는 약 2배 이상 높았다. 번아웃은 WTC와 이직 의도 사이 연관성의 약 36.6%를 매개하여, 근로시간 자율성을 높이는 것이 번아웃을 줄이고 이직 의도를 낮추는 데 기여할 수 있음을 시사한다.Key Message
Lower work-time control (WTC) was associated with higher burnout and greater turnover intention among Korean workers. Workers in the lowest WTC quartile had nearly four times higher odds of burnout and more than twice the odds of turnover intention compared with those in the highest quartile. Burnout mediated about 36.6% of the association between WTC and turnover intention, suggesting that improving schedule control may reduce turnover partly by preventing burnout.
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