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COVID-19: Epidemiologic Investigation
Analysis of the on-ship transmission of the COVID-19 mass outbreak on the Republic of Korea Navy amphibious warfare ship
Soo Hyeon Cho, Young-Man Kim, Gyeongyong Seong, Sunkyun Park, Seoncheol Park, Sang-Eun Lee, Young Joon Park
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022065.   Published online August 11, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022065
  • 7,447 View
  • 432 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This investigation was conducted to determine the size and pattern, source, and transmission route of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on the Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN) amphibious warfare ship.
METHODS
We investigated the characteristics of all crew members and tracked the medical records of the confirmed cases. Fourteen essential ship operation personnel were interviewed. The study design was a retrospective cohort study, and the incidence rate ratio was through a statistical program.
RESULTS
The COVID-19 incidence on the ROKN amphibious warfare ship was 44.7% (38/85). It was estimated that the main propagation route started from the 1st floor worker, which spread to the same floor, and then to other floors. In the case of the working area, the incidence rate of crew members below the 1st floor without ventilation was higher than those on the 2nd or higher floors with natural ventilation.
CONCLUSIONS
This case is the first case of a COVID-19 outbreak on the ROKN amphibious warfare ship, and it is estimated that the incidence rate is high because of the closed and dense environment. To prevent the spread of various respiratory diseases including COVID-19, unified mitigation such as vaccination, observing personal quarantine rules, periodic ventilation, preemptive testing, and blocking transmission through prompt contact management is necessary.
Summary
Korean summary
본 조사는 국내 첫 해군 상륙함 내 코로나19 집단발생의 규모 및 양상, 감염원과 전파경로를 규명하기 위해 수행되었다. 해군 상륙함에서의 발생률은 44.7%였으며 자연 환기가 가능한 2층 이상 근무자에 비해 환기가 불가능한 1층 이하 근무자의 발생률이 높았고 이는 통계적으로 유의했다. 밀폐된 환경에서 밀접한 생활을 하는 해군 상륙함의 특성을 고려하여 개인방역수칙 준수, 주기적 환기, 선제적 검사, 신속한 접촉자 관리 등을 통한 전파 차단이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.
Key Message
This investigation was conducted to determine the size and pattern of the outbreak of the COVID-19 infection, the source of infection and the transmission route on the ROK Navy Amphibious Warfare ship. The incidence on ROKN Amphibious Warfare ship was 44.7% (38/85) and the incidence rate of crew members below the first floor without ventilation was higher than those on the second floor or higher with natural ventilation. To prevent various respiratory diseases including COVID-19, unified mitigation such as vaccination, observing personal quarantine rules, periodic ventilation, preemptive testing, and blocking transmission through prompt contact management is necessary.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Indoor Air Quality and COVID-19: A Scoping Review
    Axelle Braggion, Adeline Dugerdil, Olwen Wilson, Francesca Hovagemyan, Antoine Flahault
    Public Health Reviews.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Article
Spatial modeling of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iranian army units during 2014-2017 using a hierarchical Bayesian method and the spatial scan statistic
Erfan Ayubi, Mohammad Barati, Arasb Dabbagh Moghaddam, Ali Reza Khoshdel
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018032.   Published online July 13, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018032
  • 12,822 View
  • 260 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 7 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to map the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Iranian army units (IAUs) and to identify possible spatial clusters.
METHODS
This ecological study investigated incident cases of CL between 2014 and 2017. CL data were extracted from the CL registry maintained by the deputy of health of AJA University of Medical Sciences. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of CL was computed with a Besag, York, and Mollié model. The purely spatial scan statistic was employed to detect the most likely highand low-rate clusters and to obtain the observed-to-expected (O/E) ratio for each detected cluster. The statistical significance of the clusters was assessed using the log likelihood ratio (LLR) test and Monte Carlo hypothesis testing.
RESULTS
A total of 1,144 new CL cases occurred in IAUs from 2014 to 2017, with an incidence rate of 260 per 100,000. Isfahan and Khuzestan Provinces were found to have more CL cases than expected in all studied years (SIR>1), while Kermanshah, Kerman, and Fars Provinces were observed to have been high-risk areas in only some years of the study period. The most significant CL cluster was in Kermanshah Province (O/E, 67.88; LLR, 1,200.62; p<0.001), followed by clusters in Isfahan Province (O/E, 6.02; LLR, 513.24; p<0.001) and Khuzestan Province (O/E, 2.35; LLR, 73.71; p<0.001), while low-rate clusters were located in the northeast areas, including Razavi Khorasan, North Khorasan, Semnan, and Golestan Provinces (O/E, 0.03; LLR, 95.11; p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
This study identified high-risk areas for CL. These findings have public health implications and should be considered when planning control interventions among IAUs.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • High-risk spatiotemporal patterns of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a nationwide study in Iran from 2011 to 2020
    Neda Firouraghi, Robert Bergquist, Munazza Fatima, Alireza Mohammadi, Davidson H. Hamer, Mohammad Reza Shirzadi, Behzad Kiani
    Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Spatio-temporal visualisation of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic, urban area in Iran
    Neda Firouraghi, Alireza Mohammadi, Davidson H Hamer, Robert Bergquist, Sayyed Mostafa Mostafavi, Ali Shamsoddini, Amene Raouf-Rahmati, Mahmoud Fakhar, Elham Moghaddas, Behzad Kiani
    Acta Tropica.2022; 225: 106181.     CrossRef
  • Spatial patterning of occupational stress and its related factors in Iranian critical care nurses using a hierarchical Bayesian technique
    Morteza Kazemi, Kiavash Hushmandi, Amir Vahedian-Azimi, Majid Moayyed, Leila Karimi, Mohammad Ali Sheikh Beig Goharrizi, Mahmood Salesi, Karim Parastouei, Mehdi Raei
    Work.2022; 72(4): 1409.     CrossRef
  • Socio-Economic Characteristics of Urban Tuberculosis Areas in Petaling, Selangor: A Current Spatial Exploratory Scenario
    N.N.N Mohd Zaini, A.R. Abdul Rasam, C.B. Ahmad
    IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2022; 1067(1): 012041.     CrossRef
  • Cutaneous leishmaniasis based on climate regions in Iran (1998-2021): A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Mehri Rejali, Nadia Mohammadi Dashtaki, Afshin Ebrahimi, Asieh Heidari, MohammadReza Maracy
    Advanced Biomedical Research.2022; 11(1): 120.     CrossRef
  • Molecular Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Species among Soldiers with Dermal Ulcers in Zahedan, Iran
    Sina Sekandarpour, Minoo Shaddel, Zahra Sadat Asadi
    Military Caring Sciences.2021; 7(4): 310.     CrossRef
  • Sensitivity of disease cluster detection to spatial scales: an analysis with the spatial scan statistic method
    Meifang Li, Xun Shi, Xia Li, Wenjun Ma, Jianfeng He, Tao Liu
    International Journal of Geographical Information Science.2019; 33(11): 2125.     CrossRef
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