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Original Article
The uneven playing field: provider participation and regional disparities in oral health examination rates in Korea
Hye-Lim Hong, Nam-Hee Kim
Epidemiol Health. 2025;47:e2025012.   Published online March 10, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2025012
  • 6,863 View
  • 100 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study investigated regional disparities in adult oral health examination rates in Korea, despite free oral health screenings by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). It focused on the impact of provider factors, such as the availability of dental clinics and non-dental institutions.
METHODS
A cross-sectional analysis of 2022 data from 229 districts was conducted. The dependent variable was the adult oral health examination rate, while independent variables included provider factors, community health status, lifestyle, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression analyses identified significant predictors.
RESULTS
Non-metropolitan areas had higher oral health examination rates (27.4%) than metropolitan areas (25.3%). Correlation analysis showed the general health examination rate (r=0.583) and the number of screening institutions (r=0.234) were the strongest predictors (p<0.001). Regression analysis showed a 1% increase in general health examination rates led to a 1.44% rise in oral health examination rates (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite NHIS policies, significant regional disparities persist, showing that providing screenings alone is insufficient. Integrating oral health screenings with general health examinations is necessary. Policymakers must promote collaboration between dental and non-dental providers to ensure equitable, integrated health services, enhancing preventive care and reducing disparities.
Summary
Korean summary
이 연구는 전국 229개 시군구의 성인 구강검진 수검률을 분석하여 지역 간 격차가 크다는 점을 확인하였다. 해결방안으로 구강검진을 일반건강검진과 통합하고, 비치과 기관의 참여를 확대하는 것이 지역 접근성 및 형평성 개선에 효과적인 전략으로 제시하였다.
Key Message
This study analyzed adult oral health examination rates across 229 districts in Korea and confirmed the existence of substantial regional disparities. Integrating oral health screenings into general health check-ups and expanding the participation of non- dental institutions were proposed as effective strategies for improving regional accessibility and equity.
Systematic Reviews
The effectiveness of protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise programs among community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Phatcharaphon Whaikid, Noppawan Piaseu
Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024030.   Published online February 14, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2024030
  • 64,113 View
  • 615 Download
  • 19 Web of Science
  • 19 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The combination of protein supplementation and resistance exercise shows promise for improving and maintaining muscle mass, strength, and performance in older adults with sarcopenia. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of this combination on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.
METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive search of 4 electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the MEDLINE Library. The search covered literature from January 2013 to January 2023 and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two independent reviewers assessed the methodological quality of each study using the standard critical appraisal tool from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Meta-analysis was performed with the JBI Sumari program.
RESULTS
The review included 7 randomized controlled trials and 1 quasi-experimental study, encompassing a total of 854 participants aged 60 years and above. The study durations ranged from 10 weeks to 24 weeks. An analysis of standardized mean differences (SMDs) showed that protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise significantly increased muscle mass (SMD, 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13 to 1.78; p<0.05) and muscle strength (SMD, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.56; p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Although the limited number of randomized controlled trials restricts the robustness of our conclusions, the evidence suggests that protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise is effective in enhancing muscle mass and strength in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.
Summary
Key Message
Sarcopenia is a significant health concern. Given the contextual variations and the diverse factors that contribute to the prevalence of sarcopenia, delivering precision interventions to older adults diagnosed with sarcopenia who still reside in the community poses unique challenges. Therefore, precision interventions are vital for proper and feasible treatment planning, especially for early management actions, to reduce the impact of sarcopenia and its associated adverse effects in older adults. Our systematic review and meta-analysis showed that protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise is effective in enhancing muscle mass and strength in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Duck-egg white hydrolysate supplementation enhances muscle endurance and fatigue resistance during high-intensity exercise
    Kai-Li Shang, Yi-Ling Lin, Christoper Caesar Yudho Sutopo, Jr-Wei Chen, Yi-Chen Chen
    Poultry Science.2026; 105(1): 106088.     CrossRef
  • 13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026
    Mandeep Bajaj, Rozalina G. McCoy, Kirthikaa Balapattabi, Raveendhara R. Bannuru, Natalie J . Bellini, Allison K. Bennett, Elizabeth A. Beverly, Kathaleen Briggs Early, Sathyavathi ChallaSivaKanaka, Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Brendan M. Everett, Rajesh G
    Diabetes Care.2026; 49(Supplement): S277.     CrossRef
  • A Qualitative Inquiry Into Sarcopenia Among Formerly Homeless Older Thais
    Phatcharaphon Whaikid, Noppawan Piaseu, Tiraporn Junda
    Nursing Open.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Protein supplementation alone or combined with exercise for sarcopenia and physical frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    Yoshihiro Yoshimura, Ayaka Matsumoto, Tatsuro Inoue, Masatsugu Okamura, Masafumi Kuzuya
    Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics.2025; 131: 105783.     CrossRef
  • The diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity
    Basel Habboub, Robert Speer, Markus Gosch, Katrin Singler
    Deutsches Ärzteblatt international.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Osteosarcopenia as a risk factor for depression: Longitudinal findings from the SHARE study
    Nicola Veronese, Francesco Saverio Ragusa, Shaun Sabico, Ligia Juliana Dominguez, Mario Barbagallo, Gustavo Duque, Lee Smith, Nasser Al-Daghri
    Bone Reports.2025; 25: 101848.     CrossRef
  • TAVI Success Is More Than Just the Valve: CT‐Derived Sarcopenia as a Major Determinant of Long‐Term Survival
    Nikolaos Schörghofer, Christoph Knapitsch, Gretha Hecke, Nikolaus Clodi, Lucas Brandstetter, Crispiana Cozowicz, Matthias Hammerer, Klaus Hergan, Uta C. Hoppe, Bernhard Scharinger, Elke Boxhammer
    Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The prognostic role of sarcopenia and muscle wasting in adult osteosarcoma patients: A longitudinal CT morphometric analysis
    Julian Kylies, Tobias Malte Ballhause, Jana Striefler, Dominik Kylies, Matthias Priemel
    European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2025; 51(9): 110293.     CrossRef
  • Sarcopenic obesity in the Asia-Pacific region: Epidemiology, risk factors, and management
    Chun-Feng Huang, Chih-Hsing Wu
    Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia.2025; 11(2): 40.     CrossRef
  • Sarcopenia is associated with increased hip fracture risk among middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults in longitudinal analysis of CHARLS data
    Sensen Huang, Le Chang, Zhenyu Cai
    Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Symphony of regulated cell death: Unveiling therapeutic horizons in sarcopenia
    Jie Peng, Mi Zou, Qianmingyue Zhang, Dongcan Liu, Shuanghong Chen, Ruiying Fang, Yuan Gao, Xiaohua Yan, Liang Hao
    Metabolism.2025; 172: 156359.     CrossRef
  • Exercise and Nutrition for Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Subgroup Analysis by Population Characteristics
    Yong Yang, Neng Pan, Jiedan Luo, Yufei Liu, Zbigniew Ossowski
    Nutrients.2025; 17(14): 2342.     CrossRef
  • Formulation, Phytochemical Characterization, and Clinical Assessment of a Novel Natural Supplement Targeting Body Composition in Physically Active Individuals: A Randomized Clinical Trial
    Tablo Azad Hama salih, Halgord Ali M. Farag
    Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research.2025; 10(2): 12.     CrossRef
  • Food-derived bioactive compounds targeting mitophagy: Emerging nutritional strategies against sarcopenia
    Haozhen Zhang, Laiming Zhang, Donghong Liu, Xingqian Ye, Shiguo Chen
    Trends in Food Science & Technology.2025; 165: 105314.     CrossRef
  • Assessing the risk of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults in Israel: a national cross-sectional survey
    Miri Lutski, Ziv Karni-Efrati, Inbar Zucker, Dvora Frankenthal
    European Geriatric Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Nutrition in the prevention and treatment of skeletal muscle ageing and sarcopenia: a single nutrient, a whole food and a whole diet approach
    Antoneta Granic, Avan A Sayer, Rachel Cooper, Sian M Robinson
    Proceedings of the Nutrition Society.2025; 84(4): 340.     CrossRef
  • Whole-body vibration training improves muscle mass and strength in older adults through intra- and extra-muscular pathways
    Xiangyang Tian, Shaoting Fu, Jing He, Rui Ma, Rengfei Shi
    Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Muscle Insulin Resistance Elicits Muscle Atrophy in Obesity
    Omid Razi, Nastaran Zamani, Ayoub Saeidi, Marios Hadjicharalambous, Khadija Ayed, Anthony C. Hackney, Juan Del Coso, Ismail Laher, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Hassane Zouhal
    Current Obesity Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Protein in Post-Menopausal Women on Muscle Mass and Strength: A Narrative Review
    Katherine Elizabeth Black, Penelope Matkin-Hussey
    Physiologia.2024; 4(3): 266.     CrossRef
Effectiveness of community-based interventions for older adults living alone: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Inhye Kim, Hyunseo An, Sohyeon Yun, Hae Yean Park
Epidemiol Health. 2024;46:e2024013.   Published online January 3, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2024013
  • 26,758 View
  • 381 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study examined the effectiveness of community-based interventions designed for older adults living alone through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
The study incorporated 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 5 non-RCTs to evaluate various interventions. The methodological quality of these studies was assessed using the Downs and Black checklist, while Q-statistic and I-square tests were performed to examine statistical heterogeneity. Additionally, visual inspection of funnel plots and the trim-and-fill method were employed to investigate potential publication bias. Of the 2,729 identified studies, 9 met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Independent variables were categorized into 5 groups (physical activity, nutrition, social relationships, social participation, and combined intervention) to examine their effects. Dependent variables were similarly classified into 5 subgroups to identify the specific effects of the interventions.
RESULTS
Interventions focusing on nutrition and combined approaches were the most effective, yielding effect sizes of 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66 to 1.25) and 0.43 (95% CI, 0.26 to 0.60), respectively. The interventions had the greatest impacts on the health behavior and mental health of the participants, with effect sizes of 0.98 (95% CI, 0.73 to 1.22) for health behavior and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.19 to 1.16) for mental health.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests a direction for the development of community-based interventions tailored to the needs of older adults living alone. Additionally, it provides evidence to inform policy decisions concerning this demographic.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 독거 노인들 대상으로 한 지역사회 기반 중재의 효과에 대하여 탐색하고 그 효과 크기를 확인하기 위하여 체계적고찰 및 메타분석을 실시하였다. 영양 및 복합 중재가 특히 효과적이었으며, 이는 건강 행동과 정신건강에 있어 중요한 긍정적 효과를 나타내어 추후 개별적 맞춤 중재의 잠재적 효과성을 나타낸다. 이러한 발견은 독거노인 집단의 웰빙 향상을 위한 프로그램과 정책 입안에 근거로 활용될 수 있다.
Key Message
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of community-based interventions for older adults living alone, incorporating 9 studies to assess effectiveness in areas like nutrition and combined strategies. Results indicated significant benefits, particularly in health behavior and mental health, demonstrating the potential of tailored interventions. These findings support the development of targeted programs and policy decisions aimed at improving the well-being of this demographic.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Falls among older adults: An exploration of trends, clinical outcomes, predisposing risk factors, and intervention strategies
    Sanjan Kumar, Francis Cruz, Zackary Yates, Quratulain Amin, Muhammad Usman Awan, Philip Lee, Sarthak Kumar, Adel Elkbuli
    The American Journal of Surgery.2025; 245: 116385.     CrossRef
  • A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON TRIGLYCERIDE AND BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN THE ELDERLY POPULATION
    Ika Ainur Rofiah, Lasiyati Yuswo Yani
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCE (IJNMS).2025; 9(1): 102.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and associated factors of physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity in Chinese community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study
    Lin Lin, Di-fei Duan, Linjia Yan, Hai yan He
    PeerJ.2025; 13: e19750.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of a resilience-building nursing intervention on psychological well-being in Arab community-dwelling older adults
    Walaa Badawy Mohamed Badawy, Amal Hashem Mohamed, Mostafa Shaban
    Geriatric Nursing.2024; 60: 338.     CrossRef
COVID-19: Original Article
Korea Seroprevalence Study of Monitoring of SARS-COV-2 Antibody Retention and Transmission (K-SEROSMART): findings from national representative sample
Jina Han, Hye Jin Baek, Eunbi Noh, Kyuhyun Yoon, Jung Ae Kim, Sukhyun Ryu, Kay O Lee, No Yai Park, Eunok Jung, Sangil Kim, Hyukmin Lee, Yoo-Sung Hwang, Jaehun Jung, Hun Jae Lee, Sung-il Cho, Sangcheol Oh, Migyeong Kim, Chang-Mo Oh, Byengchul Yu, Young-Seoub Hong, Keonyeop Kim, Sun Jae Jung, Mi Ah Han, Moo-Sik Lee, Jung-Jeung Lee, Young Hwangbo, Hyeon Woo Yim, Yu-Mi Kim, Joongyub Lee, Weon-Young Lee, Jae-Hyun Park, Sungsoo Oh, Heui Sug Jo, Hyeongsu Kim, Gilwon Kang, Hae-Sung Nam, Ju-Hyung Lee, Gyung-Jae Oh, Min-Ho Shin, Soyeon Ryu, Tae-Yoon Hwang, Soon-Woo Park, Sang Kyu Kim, Roma Seol, Ki-Soo Park, Su Young Kim, Jun-wook Kwon, Sung Soon Kim, Byoungguk Kim, June-Woo Lee, Eun Young Jang, Ah-Ra Kim, Jeonghyun Nam, The Korea Community Health Survey Group, Soon Young Lee, Dong-Hyun Kim
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023075.   Published online August 17, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023075
  • 20,560 View
  • 253 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 10 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
We estimated the population prevalence of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), including unreported infections, through a Korea Seroprevalence Study of Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Retention and Transmission (K-SEROSMART) in 258 communities throughout Korea.
METHODS
In August 2022, a survey was conducted among 10,000 household members aged 5 years and older, in households selected through two stage probability random sampling. During face-to-face household interviews, participants self-reported their health status, COVID-19 diagnosis and vaccination history, and general characteristics. Subsequently, participants visited a community health center or medical clinic for blood sampling. Blood samples were analyzed for the presence of antibodies to spike proteins (anti-S) and antibodies to nucleocapsid proteins (anti-N) SARS-CoV-2 proteins using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. To estimate the population prevalence, the PROC SURVEYMEANS statistical procedure was employed, with weighting to reflect demographic data from July 2022.
RESULTS
In total, 9,945 individuals from 5,041 households were surveyed across 258 communities, representing all basic local governments in Korea. The overall population-adjusted prevalence rates of anti-S and anti-N were 97.6% and 57.1%, respectively. Since the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency has reported a cumulative incidence of confirmed cases of 37.8% through July 31, 2022, the proportion of unreported infections among all COVID-19 infection was suggested to be 33.9%.
CONCLUSIONS
The K-SEROSMART represents the first nationwide, community-based seroepidemiologic survey of COVID-19, confirming that most individuals possess antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and that a significant number of unreported cases existed. Furthermore, this study lays the foundation for a surveillance system to continuously monitor transmission at the community level and the response to COVID-19.
Summary
Korean summary
인구집단을 기반으로 하여 대표성 있는 표본을 추출하여 COVID-19 항체유병률 조사를 전국적으로 수행함으로 지역사회 단위에서 지속적으로 모니터링할 수 있는 COVID-19 감시체계 구축의 기반을 마련하였다. 2022년 8월 우리나라 국민의 대부분이 COVID-19에 대한 항체를 보유하고 있었고 인구 3명 중 1명은 미확진 감염자로 추정되었다.
Key Message
The K-SEROSMART represents the first nationwide, community-based seroepidemiologic survey of COVID-19. In August 2022, most of the Korean people had antibodies to COVID-19, and one in three people was estimated to have an unreported infection. This study lays the foundation for a surveillance system to continuously monitor transmission at the community level and the response to COVID-19.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effectiveness of the 2023-2024 monovalent XBB.1.5 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection in people aged over 65 years in South Korea: a population-based cohort study
    Suyoung Jo, Seunghyun Lee, Huiseon Kim, Hyunji Won, Gi-eun Rhie, Hye-Sook Jeong, June-Woo Lee, Ah-Ra Kim, Byung Chul Chun, Kyong Ran Peck, Dong-Hyun Kim
    International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2026; 163: 108238.     CrossRef
  • Modeling vaccination prioritization strategies for post-pandemic COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea accounting for under-reporting and age-structure
    Geunsoo Jang, Jihyeon Kim, Robin N. Thompson, Hyojung Lee
    Journal of Infection and Public Health.2025; 18(4): 102688.     CrossRef
  • Limitations of neutralizing antibody titers in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy trials and a call for additional correlates of protection
    Young Hoon Hwang, Dal-Hee Min, Wan Beom Park
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluating the Effect of Public Health and Social Measures Under Rapid Changes in Population-level Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2: A Mathematical Modeling Study
    Sung-mok Jung, Jaehun Jung, Justin Lessler
    Epidemiology.2025; 36(3): 334.     CrossRef
  • Effect of anti-S antibody titers on newly confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Korea: a community-based cohort study (K-SEROSMART Wave 2)
    Jina Han, Jung Ae Kim, Hye Jin Baek, Eunbi Noh, Kay O. Lee, June-Woo Lee, Ah-Ra Kim, HyeonNam Do, Soon Young Lee, Dong-Hyun Kim
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Infection-mediated immune response in SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection and implications for next-generation COVID-19 vaccine development
    Sho Miyamoto, Tadaki Suzuki
    Vaccine.2024; 42(6): 1401.     CrossRef
  • Changes in the intrinsic severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 according to the emerging variant: a nationwide study from February 2020 to June 2022, including comparison with vaccinated populations
    Boyeong Ryu, Eunjeong Shin, Dong Hwi Kim, HyunJu Lee, So Young Choi, Seong-Sun Kim, Il-Hwan Kim, Eun-Jin Kim, Sangwon Lee, Jaehyun Jeon, Donghyok Kwon, Sungil Cho
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital setting
    Ploy Pattanakitsakul, Chanya Pongpatipat, Chavachol Setthaudom, Mongkol Kunakorn, Thiantip Sahakijpicharn, Anannit Visudtibhan, Nopporn Apiwattanakul, Surapat Assawawiroonhakarn, Uthen Pandee, Chonnamet Techasaensiri, Sophida Boonsathorn, Sujittra Chaisav
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(9): e0310860.     CrossRef
  • Realistic Estimation of COVID-19 Infection by Seroprevalence Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies: An Experience From Korea Metropolitan Area From January to May 2022
    In Hwa Jeong, Jong-Hun Kim, Min-Jung Kwon, Jayoung Kim, Hee Jin Huh, Byoungguk Kim, Junewoo Lee, Jeong-hyun Nam, Eun-Suk Kang
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 Vaccination Recommendations for 2024–2025 in Korea
    Wan Beom Park, Young Hoon Hwang, Ki Tae Kwon, Ji Yun Noh, Sun Hee Park, Joon Young Song, Eun Ju Choo, Min Joo Choi, Jun Yong Choi, Jung Yeon Heo, Won Suk Choi
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Cohort Profile
Integrated database-based Screening Cohort for Asian Nomadic descendants in China (Scan-China): Insights on prospective ethnicity-focused cancer screening
Yuelin Yu, Liying Qiao, Jing Han, Weiwei Wang, Weiwei Kang, Yunjing Zhang, Shu Shang, Ruogu Meng, Lin Zhuo, Siyan Zhan, Yunfeng Xi, Shengfeng Wang
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023048.   Published online April 18, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023048
  • 13,145 View
  • 103 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
Established in 2017, the Screening Cohort for Asian Nomadic descendants in China (Scan-China) has benefited over 180,000 members of a multi-ethnic population, particularly individuals of Mongolian descent compared with the general population (Han ethnicity), in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. This cohort study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of cancer screening and serve as a real-world data platform for cancer studies. The 6 most prevalent cancers in China are considered—namely, breast, lung, colorectal, gastric, liver and esophageal cancer. After baseline cancer risk assessments and screening tests, both active and passive follow-up (based on the healthcare insurance database, cancer registry, the front page of hospital medical records, and death certificates) will be conducted to trace participants’ onset and progression of cancers and other prevalent chronic diseases. Scan-China has preliminarily found a disproportionately lower screening participation rate and higher incidence/mortality rates of esophageal and breast cancer among the Mongolian population than among their Han counterparts. Further research will explore the cancer burden, natural history, treatment patterns, and risk factors of the target cancers.
Summary
Key Message
- Scan-China is the first and largest electronic health data (EHD)-integrated cancer screening program for the Mongolian ethnicity in Inner Mongolia. - Scan-China aims to evaluate the effectiveness of screening interventions, particularly on ethnic minorities, portray the natural history, explore risk factors and summarize treatment patterns and updated outcomes of prevalent tumors/other chronic diseases. - Scan-China database comprises baseline cancer risk assessment, screening tests results, active follow-up investigation for participants at high risk and EHD-integrated passive follow-up. Data sources for passive follow-up include healthcare insurance database, cancer registry, front page of hospital medical record and death certificates.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Comparison of survival outcomes between kidney transplant and dialysis in patients with previous cancer
    Guohua He, Yunfeng Xi, Xiaoyun Jiang, Liying Qiao, Yunjing Zhang, Weiwei Kang, Lu Xu, Yingzi Yang, Huziwei Zhou, Guozhen Liu, Mingyuan Wang, Shengfeng Wang
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COVID-19: Original Article
Effect of socioeconomic disparities on the risk of COVID-19 in 8 metropolitan cities in the Korea: a community-based study
Myung-Jae Hwang, Shin Young Park, Tae-Ho Yoon, Jinhwa Jang, Seon-Young Lee, Myeongsu Yoo, Yoo-Yeon Kim, Hae-Kwan Cheong, Donghyok Kwon, Jong-Hun Kim
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022107.   Published online November 15, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022107
  • 16,356 View
  • 219 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Socioeconomic disparities have been reported as major risk factors contributing to the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at the community level. We conducted an epidemiological study on COVID-19 incidence risk using area-based deprivation indices (DIs) reflecting the characteristics of the susceptible population.
METHODS
A database of the confirmed COVID-19 cases in 8 metropolitan cities in Korea from January 20, 2020 to December 31, 2021 was combined with area-based DI scores and standardized prevalence rates of diabetes and hypertension from the Korean Community Health Survey. Relative risk (RR) levels were estimated using a generalized linear model with a Poisson distribution by age group.
RESULTS
The risk of COVID-19 incidence generally increased with increasing age, especially in patients aged ≥75 years. The RR of COVID-19 incidence per interquartile range increment of the composite deprivation index (composite DI) was 1.54 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34 to 1.70). Notably, in the first wave, the risk of COVID-19 incidence was approximately 3 times higher in the region with the lowest socioeconomic status than in the region with the highest status (RR, 3.08; 95% CI, 2.42 to 3.78 based on the the composite DI and RR, 3.13; 95% CI, 2.53 to 3.83 based on the social deprivation index).
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides scientific evidence that socioeconomic deprivation is an important risk factor for the spread of COVID-19. This finding suggests that a mid-term to long-term strategy is needed to protect susceptible populations and reduce the burden of COVID-19 in the community.
Summary
Korean summary
한국의 COVID-19 발생 위험은 지역박탈수준이 높은 지역에서 증가하였고, 특히 유행 초기 75세이상 연령층에서 뚜렷하게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 지역사회수준에서 사회경제적 여건을 고려하여 취약집단에서의 발생위험을 감소시키기 위해 중장기 전략을 세워야 한다는 것을 시사한다.
Key Message
There is a need to develop long-term strategies to reduce the risk of COVID-19 outbreaks in vulnerable populations in areas with poor socioeconomic conditions

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Original Articles
Differences in accuracy of height, weight, and body mass index between self-reported and measured using the 2018 Korea Community Health Survey data
Yoonsil Ko, Sunhye Choi, Jisoo Won, Yeon-Kyeng Lee, Dong-Hyun Kim, Seon Kui Lee
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022024.   Published online February 19, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022024
  • 24,991 View
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to determine an effective survey method for the accurate calculation of obesity prevalence by comparing the self-reported and measured height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) using the 2018 Korea Community Healthy Survey (CHS) data.
METHODS
Raw data from the 2018 CHS were used to analyze the differences, correlation, and agreement between self-reported and measured height, weight, and BMI.
RESULTS
The self-reported height was over-reported than the measured height (0.59 cm greater for men and 0.71 cm greater for women), while the self-reported weight was under-reported than the measured weight (0.55 kg less for men and 0.67 kg less for women). Subsequently, the self-reported BMI was under-estimated (0.35 kg/m<sup>2</sup> lower for men and 0.49 kg/m<sup>2</sup> lower for women) compared with the measured BMI. The kappa statistic and agreement between measured and self-reported values per BMI category (underweight, normal, overweight, and obesity) were 0.82 and 79.6%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of obesity should be calculated using the measured values provided in the CHS in order to promote local health projects based on accurate evidence.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 2018년 지역사회건강조사 원시자료를 이용하여, 자가보고된 신장, 체중, 그리고 체질량지수 값과 실제 측정한 값 간에 차이를 분석하고 상관성과 일치도를 확인하고자 하였으며, 확인결과 자가보고값 체질량지수는 측정값보다 과소측정(남자의 경우 측정값보다 자가보고값이 0.35kg/m2 낮게, 여자는 0.49kg/m2 낮게 측정)된것을 확인하였다.
Key Message
This study aimed to determine an effective survey method for the accurate calculation of obesity prevalence by comparing the self-reported and measured height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) using the 2018 Community Healthy Survey (CHS) data.

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    Qian Zhang, Nai-Jun Wan
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    진희 박, 길호 정
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  • Validity of Measured vs. Self-Reported Weight and Height and Practical Considerations for Enhancing Reliability in Clinical and Epidemiological Studies: A Systematic Review
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Associations of regional-level perceived stress and depression with health-related quality of life in Korean adults: a multilevel analysis of 2017 Korea Community Health Survey data
Eunsu Kim, Min-Ho Shin, Jung-Ho Yang, Soon-Ki Ahn, Baeg-Ju Na, Hae-Sung Nam
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021062.   Published online September 8, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021062
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
We examined the associations of individual and regional-level perceived stress and depression with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Korean adults.
METHODS
We used data from the 2017 Korea Community Health Survey, which included 216,713 adults living within 254 municipal districts. As individual-level independent variables, perceived stress (higher vs. lower) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ≥10) were defined. Regional-level age-adjusted rates of perceived stress (%) and depression (%) were created for 254 municipal districts and categorized into quartiles to generate regional levels of stress and depression. HRQOL was defined as the individual-level EuroQol 5-dimensional index×100. A multilevel analysis was performed to identify the relationship between individual or regional-level independent variables and individual HRQOL.
RESULTS
In the null model, the proportions of individual variation in the HRQOL explained by region were 1.7% and 2.7% for men and women, respectively. When adjusted with all individual-level variables, regional stress and depression, as well as individual-level perceived stress and depression, were significantly related to HRQOL for both genders. In the full model including all variables, the decrease in HRQOL from the first to the fourth quartile group of regional stress was greater in women (-1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.87 to -0.31) than in men (-0.65; 95% CI, -1.04 to -0.26).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that regional-level perceived stress and depression, as well as individual-level perceived stress and depression, are inversely associated with individual HRQOL.
Summary
Korean summary
시군구 단위 스트레스 인지율과 우울 유병률이 개인 단위 건강관련 삶의 질 수준과 연관성을 갖는지 파악하고자 지역사회건강조사 자료를 이용하여 다수준 분석을 수행하였다. 개인 수준에서 인지된 스트레스와 우울은 건강관련 삶의 질 감소와 관련이 있었다. 스트레스와 우울 수준이 높은 시군구일수록 개인의 건강관련 삶의 질은 낮아지는 관계를 보였는데, 이는 남성보다는 여성에서 더 저명하였다.
Key Message
This study examined the associations of regional-level perceived stress and depression with individual HRQOL measured in terms of the EQ-5D using a multilevel model. Individual-level perceived stress and depression were significantly related to individual HRQOL. Regional stress and depression were also significant factors and both had greater negative impacts on HRQOL among women than among men.

Citations

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  • Gender-specific secular trends and related factors of high perceived stress level among Korean older adults: a nation-wide serial cross-sectional study
    Eunjeong Choi, Hyun-Ju Seo, Kye Ha Kim, Sun-Young Jung
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    So Hyun Kim
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2025; 50(4): 370.     CrossRef
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    Myung-Ock Chae
    Research in Community and Public Health Nursing.2024; 35: 125.     CrossRef
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Factors associated with indoor smoking at home by adults across Korea: a focus on socioeconomic status
Bomgyeol Kim, Yejin Lee, Young Dae Kwon, Tae Hyun Kim, Jin Won Noh
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020067.   Published online October 28, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020067
  • 19,969 View
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  • 4 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Secondhand smoke is an issue that cannot be ignored due to its various negative effects. Especially, secondhand smoke inside the household is an area where health policy must pay attention as it can affect all age groups. This study aims to identify the factors associated with smoking inside the household focusing on socioeconomic status in Korea.
METHODS
We used data from the Community Health Survey of 2017 and a total of 33,462 participated in the study. Data were analyzed through IBM SPSS version 25.0 to conduct binary logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
Results indicated that indoor smoking had a significant association with socioeconomic status. This association was more marked in those participants who had low household income or those with elementary school education level or less. Furthermore, the study indicates that when the smoker is a woman, older, has higher stress, and is a heavier smoker, the probability of her smoking inside the house is higher.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results, it is meaningful that this study has found the factors of smoking inside household. The result identify the factors associated with indoor smoking at home, and it can be used as baseline data for developing new smoking cessation policies.
Summary
Korean summary
이 연구는 가정 실내 흡연과 관련된 다양한 요인들을 파악하였으며, 소득, 교육수준과 같은 사회경제적 요인과 가정 실내 흡연의 연관성을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 가정 실내 흡연 감소를 위한 금연 정책의 근거자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Citations

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  • Trends in the prevalence and factors associated with indoor smoking in 24 countries Party to the WHO FCTC: implications for equitable policy implementation
    Daniel Bogale Odo, Olalekan Ayo-Yusuf, Yonatan Dinku, Alemayehu Gonie Mekonnen, Raglan Maddox
    BMJ Global Health.2025; 10(2): e017110.     CrossRef
  • Factores asociados al consumo de cigarro en un distrito peruano de nivel socioeconómico alto
    Alberto Guevara-Tirado
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    Satomi Odani, Takahiro Tabuchi
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Gender difference in socioeconomic factors affecting suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts among community-dwelling elderly: based on the Korea Community Health Survey
Jin-Young Jeong
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020052.   Published online July 13, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020052
  • 21,227 View
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  • 6 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to explore socioeconomic factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts among the local community’s resident elderly.
METHODS
The subjects included 129,277 participants aged 65 years or above of the Korea Community Health Survey conducted in 2013 and 2017. Based on the questions for suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts, the subjects were divided into a no suicidal ideation group (n=111,344), a suicidal ideation group (n=17,487), and a suicidal attempt group (n=446). All analyses were stratified by gender, and a complex sample logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze associated factors. SAS version 9.4 was used for all analyses with a significance level of 0.05.
RESULTS
Common factors associated with suicidal ideation in both genders included marital status, frequency of contact with friends, social activity, and average monthly household income. Economic activity was demonstrated as relevant only to the elderly men subjects. According to the analysis, factors associated with suicidal attempts were the recipients of the National Basic Living Security Act for the elderly men compared to age, frequency of contact with family, frequency of contact with friends, and average monthly household income for the elderly women.
CONCLUSIONS
The study revealed that socioeconomic factors leading to suicidal ideation were similar in the elderly of both genders, while a difference was demonstrated for factors associated with suicidal attempts between the elderly of both genders. It is expected that the results of this study may be used as the basis for screening the local community’s elderly with a high suicidal risk, and in the development of suicide prevention services.
Summary
Korean summary
2013년과 2017년 지역사회건강조사에 참여한 129,277명의 노인을 대상으로 자살시도에 관련된 사회-경제적 요인을 탐색하였다. 분석결과, 남성 노인의 자살시도 관련요인은 국민기초생활수급자, 여성 노인의 자살시도 관련요인은 연령, 가족접촉빈도, 친구접촉빈도, 그리고 월평균가구소득으로 나타났다. 본 결과가 지역사회 거주 노인의 자살 고위험군 선별 및 자살 예방서비스 개발에 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

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  • Sex differences in lifetime suicide attempts in retired older adults between 2000 and 2021 in France: results from six national surveys
    Helen-Maria Vasiliadis, Christophe Léon, Mathilde Husky
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    Ismael Conejero, Alejandro Porras-Segovia, Lucía Albarracín-García, María Luisa Barrigón, Jorge Lopez-Castroman, Philippe Courtet, Enrique Baca-Garcia
    Frontiers in Psychiatry.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Myung Ki, Sylvie Lapierre, Boeun Gim, Minji Hwang, Minku Kang, Luc Dargis, Myoungjee Jung, Emily Jiali Koh, Brian Mishara
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Factors affecting awareness of myocardial infarction symptoms among the general public in Korea
Kyong Sil Park
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020032.   Published online May 18, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020032
  • 23,646 View
  • 261 Download
  • 17 Web of Science
  • 16 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to determine the level of awareness of myocardial infarction (MI) symptoms among the general public in Korea and identify factors affecting awareness of MI symptoms using data from the 2017 Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS).
METHODS
This is a cross-sectional study using KCHS data. Based on five questions about MI symptoms, participants were divided into an awareness group (replied ‘yes’ to all five questions) and an unawareness group (replied ‘no’ or ‘not sure’ to at least one of five questions) for analysis.
RESULTS
Of a total of 228,281 participants, 42.4% were aware of MI symptoms. There was a high level of awareness of chest pain and shortness of breath, but a low level of awareness of gastrointestinal symptoms and pain in the arm, shoulder, jaw, neck, and back. While women had a higher level of overall awareness relative to men, they showed a lower level of awareness regarding chest pain and discomfort. The factors affecting awareness of MI symptoms were gender, age, education level, occupation, smoking, drinking, physical inactivity, and cardiovascular disease risk factors.
CONCLUSIONS
In order to enhance awareness of MI symptoms among the general population, appropriate education and promotion efforts must be implemented based on gender, age, education level, and occupation. Moreover, active efforts by the government, educational institutions, and medical institutions are necessary to improve awareness of both typical and atypical MI symptoms. Furthermore, health policies to promote reduced smoking and drinking and increased physical activity, as well as continuous monitoring and management of individuals with cardiovascular disease risk factors, are required.
Summary
Korean summary
2017년 지역사회건강조사 자료를 분석한 결과, 한국의 심근경색증 증상의 인지율은 42%로 낮은 인식을 보였다. 한국의 지역사회 내 일반인들의 심근경색증 증상의 인지율을 제고하기 위해 성별, 연령, 교육수준, 직업을 고려하여 교육 및 홍보를 실시해야 한다. 그리고, 전형적인 심근경색증 증상뿐만 아니라 비전형적인 심근경색증 증상에 대한 인식에 대한 정부, 교육기관, 의료기관 등의 적극적인 노력이 필요하다. 또한, 금연, 금주, 신체활동 증진에 대한 보건정책적 관리방안과 심혈관질환 위험요인을 가진 대상자들의 지속적인 모니터링 및 관리가 필요하다.

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Characteristics of depressive symptoms in middle-aged family members of dementia patients: 2017 Korea Community Health Survey
Jinbeom Park, Won-Chul Lee, Hyunsuk Jeong, Nayoung Hong, BoYoung Bae, Hyeon Woo Yim
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020031.   Published online May 15, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020031
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The characteristics of depressive symptoms in the family members of home-dwelling patients with dementia have not been clearly reported. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of depressive symptoms in middle-aged family members living with a patient with dementia.
METHODS
This study used the data from the nationwide 2017 Korea Community Health Survey. Among the 228,381 survey participants, 77,276 participants in their 40s and 50s were finally selected for this study. The participants consisted of 760 family members of home-dwelling dementia patients and 76,516 general family members comprising a control group.
RESULTS
The positive rate of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)-measured depressive symptoms was significantly higher in the family members of home-dwelling dementia patients (4.4%; control group: 1.9%). After adjusting for potential confounders, the prevalence of PHQ-measured depressive symptoms was 1.72 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 2.85) higher in the family members of home-dwelling dementia patients compared to the control group. The positive rate of depressive symptoms was 2.26 times higher (95% CI, 1.26 to 4.05) in the female middle-aged family members of home-dwelling dementia patients compared to the control group. In addition, those who reported having symptoms almost every day in the PHQ-9 questions had significantly higher positive rates on questions about loss of interest, depression, sleep disturbance, fatigue, poor appetite, and suicidal ideation, and not on questions regarding feelings of worthlessness and psychomotor agitation, compared to the control group.
CONCLUSIONS
Active interventions are needed to relieve depression in the family members of home-dwelling dementia patients.
Summary

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The effects of mental health on recurrent falls among elderly adults, based on Korean Community Health Survey data
Kyung Hee Jo, Jong Park, So Yeon Ryu
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020005.   Published online February 2, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020005
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to identify the effect of mental health on frequency of falls (single and recurrent falls) among elderly adults.
METHODS
Data were drawn from the 2015 Korean Community Health Survey. A chi-square test was conducted to compare differences in fall frequency according to health-related behaviors, chronic diseases, and mental health. Subsequently, multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify the effects of mental health on single and recurrent falls based on variables found to be significant in the chi-square test.
RESULTS
Recurrent falls were found to be more risky than single falls. Depression was significantly related to single falls (odds ratio [OR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 1.44). Depression (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.38 to 1.76), sleep disorder (5 hours or less: OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.23; more than 9 hours: OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.44, respectively), and subjective stress (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.90 to 2.78) were significantly related to recurrent falls.
CONCLUSIONS
The study’s findings suggest that specialized fall prevention programs are needed to address different types of falls in elderly adults. To prevent recurrent falls, systematic treatment strategies and rehabilitation training must improve physical function and mental health.
Summary
Korean summary
우리나라 노인에서 정신건강이 낙상에 미치는 영향을 확인하였고, 그 결과 단순낙상은 우울감 경험을 한 경우 낙상발생 위험이 증가했으며, 반복낙상은 우울감을 경험하고, 수면장애가 있으며(수면시간 6시간 미만, 9시간 이상), 주관적 스트레스가 커질수록 낙상 위험이 증가하였다. 최종적으로 노인의 정신건강이 반복낙상에 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과를 통해 낙상 예방 및 관리를 위한 보건사업을 제시하고, 반복낙상자의 정신적/신체적 기능 증진을 위한 치료전략과 재활훈련 계획의 근거자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

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Individual and regional factors associated with suicidal ideation among Korean elderly: a multilevel analysis of the Korea Community Health Survey
Sang Hee Jeong, Byung Chul Chun
Epidemiol Health. 2019;41:e2019022.   Published online May 26, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019022
  • 21,243 View
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to identify the individual and regional characteristics that influence suicidal ideation among the Korean elderly population.
METHODS
Using data collected from the 2013 Korea Community Health Survey, a multilevel analysis was performed to establish an understanding of individual behavioral patterns and regional influences on suicidal ideation.
RESULTS
Among the 77,407 individuals sampled, 11,236 (14.5%) elderly people over 60 years of age experienced suicidal ideation. Among individual factors, age, frequency of communication with friends, religious activity, social activity, leisure activity, trust in neighbors, subjective stress level, depressive symptoms, and subjective health status were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. The results showed that the lower the regional deprivation level, the higher the suicidal ideation odds ratio. In terms of regional size, the most significant effects were found in rural areas.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggested that suicidal ideation in the elderly is associated with community factors, such as the regional deprivation index, as well as personal factors.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 60세 이상 연령의 개인 요인에 따른 자살 생각에 영향을 미치는 요인과 지역 요인을 모두 반영하여 자살 생각에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하는 것으로 지역사회건강조사에 응답한 60대 이상 노인 77,407명 중 11,236(14.5%)명을 표본대상으로 선정하여 노인의 자살생각 가능성과 관련된 개인의 행태와 지역 또는 집단에서 영향력을 파악하기 위한 다수준 분석을 실시하였다. 결과적으로 본 연구는 60세이상의 노인에서 자살 생각에 개인적 요인 뿐 아니라 지역박탈지수와 같은 지역 요인이 관여한다는 점을 시사한다.

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Comparison of estimates and time series stability of Korea Community Health Survey and Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Ji Son Ki, Ho Kim
Epidemiol Health. 2019;41:e2019012.   Published online April 7, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019012
  • 23,503 View
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
In South Korea, there are two nationwide health surveys conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: the Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS) and Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The two surveys are directly comparable, as they have the same target population with some common items, and because both surveys are used in various analyses, identifying the similarities and disparities between the two surveys would promote their appropriate use. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the estimates of six variables in KCHS and eight variables in KNHANES over a six-year period and compare time series stability of region-specific and sex- and age-specific subgroup estimates.
METHODS
Data from adults aged 19 years or older in the 2010-2015 KCHS and KNHANES were examined to analyze the differences of estimates and 95% confidence interval for self-rated health, current smoking rate, monthly drinking rate, hypertension diagnosis rate, diabetes diagnosis rate, obesity prevalence, hypertension prevalence, and diabetes prevalence. The variables were then clustered into subgroups by city as well as sex and age to assess the time series stability of the estimates based on mean square error.
RESULTS
With the exception of self-rated health, the estimates taken based on questionnaires, namely current smoking rate, monthly drinking rate, hypertension diagnosis rate, and diabetes diagnosis rate, only differed by less than 1.0%p for both KCHS and KNHANES. However, for KNHANES, estimates taken from physical examination data, namely obesity prevalence, hypertension prevalence, and diabetes prevalence, differed by 1.9-8.4%p, which was greater than the gap in the estimates taken from questionnaires. KCHS had a greater time series stability for subgroup estimates than KNHANES.
CONCLUSIONS
When using the data from KCHS and KNHANES, the data should be selected and used based on the purpose of analysis and policy and in consideration of the various differences between the two data.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 지역사회건강조사와 국민건강영양조사의 2010년부터 2015년까지 6년간의 자료로 각각 6개, 8개 변수의 추정치를 비교하였다. 설문변수 간의 추정치 차이보다 설문변수와 검진변수간의 추정치의 더 차이가 컸고 하위그룹별 시계열 변동은 지역사회건강조사가 더 안정적이었다.

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    Yujin Song, Hoyoung Cha, Jongjin Baik, Changhyun Jun, Seokjoong Kim, Minjeong Kim, Sun-Young Jung
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Ambient air quality and subjective stress level using Community Health Survey data in Korea
Myung-Jae Hwang, Hae-Kwan Cheong, Jong-Hun Kim, Youn Seo Koo, Hui-Young Yun
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018028.   Published online June 28, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018028
  • 22,621 View
  • 223 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Air pollution causes various disease in exposed populations, and can lead to premorbid health effects manifested as both physical and psychological functional impairment. The present study investigated the subjective stress level in daily life in relation to the level of air pollution.
METHODS
Data from the Community Health Survey (2013), comprising 99,162 men, and 121,273 women residing in 253 healthcare administrative districts, were combined with air pollutant concentration modelling data from the Korean Air Quality Forecasting System, and were stratified by subjective stress levels into five strata for multiple logistic regression. Levels of exposure were divided into five quintiles according to the annual concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and were analyzed using a single-pollutant model using NO2 concentration only, and a multi-pollutant model adjusted for the concentration of particulate matter <10 μm in diameter.
RESULTS
Analysis of men and women in various age groups showed the highest odds ratio (OR) for subjective stress level at the highest NO2 concentration quintile in men and women aged 30–64 years (men: 2.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.12 to 4.01; women: 1.82; 95% CI, 1.32 to 2.51). As the NO2 concentration quintile increased, the OR increased. Men showed higher ORs than women in all strata.
CONCLUSIONS
In the present study, annual NO2 concentrations were found to be associated with subjective stress levels. This association was especially clear among socioeconomically active men and women aged 30-64 years.
Summary
Korean summary
2013년 지역사회건강조사를 이용하여 253개 보건행정지역단위로 Korean Air Quality Forecasting System (KAQFS) 대기물질농도 모델링자료를 결합하여 주관적 스트레스 정도에 따라 5분위로 범주화하여 다항로지스틱회귀을 하였다. 본 연구에서는 연평균 NO2농도와 주관적 스트레스 정도가 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 사회 경제적 활동이 활발한30세 이상 65세 미만의 남성과 여성에서 관련성이 뚜렷하게 나타났다.

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Factors related to cancer screening behaviors
Boyoung Choi, Tae Rim Um, Kwang-Soo Lee
Epidemiol Health. 2018;40:e2018011.   Published online March 29, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2018011
  • 25,105 View
  • 252 Download
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to investigate the factors related to cancer screening behaviors (CSB).
METHODS
The 2014 Korean Community Health Survey used for analysis. The dependent variable was CSB, and the independent variables were demographic, health behavioral, and regional factor. Propensity score matching (PSM) used to control health behavior and regional factors, which were influencing CSB. For statistical analysis, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis used.
RESULTS
Logistic regression analysis after PSM showed that gender, age, marital status, educational level, monthly household income, employment type, alcohol drinking, smoking, body mass index group, chronic disease, and subjective health status influenced the CSB, there were statistical differences.
CONCLUSIONS
To improve cancer screening (CS), it is necessary to educate individuals on the need for CS and to carry out a personalized CS program based on an individual’s demographic status and health behavior.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구의 목적은 암 검진 행태와 관련된 요인들을 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2014년 지역 사회 건강 조사 데이터를 활용하였으며, 건강 검진 행동에 영향을 미치는 건강 행동 및 지역 요인을 통제하기 위해 성향점수매칭 방법을 사용하였고, 통계 분석을 위해 카이 제곱 검정과 로지스틱 회귀 분석을 사용하였다. 성향점수 매칭 후 분석 결과에서 성별, 연령, 결혼 상태, 교육 수준, 월평균 가구 소득, 고용형태, 음주, 흡연, BMI 그룹, 만성 질환, 주관적 건강 상태가 암 검진 수진에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 암 검진 수진을 향상시키기 위해서 암 검진의 필요성에 대한 교육과 개인의 인구사회학적, 건강 행태를 고려한 맞춤형 암 검진 프로그램이 필요하다. 본 연구는 성향점수 매칭을 이용하여 교란요인을 통제한 후 암 검진 수진의 영향을 살펴보았다는 데에 의의가 있다.

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The association between smoking or passive smoking and cardiovascular diseases using a Bayesian hierarchical model: based on the 2008-2013 Korea Community Health Survey
Whanhee Lee, Sung-Hee Hwang, Hayoung Choi, Ho Kim
Epidemiol Health. 2017;39:e2017026.   Published online June 22, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2017026
  • 29,271 View
  • 427 Download
  • 32 Web of Science
  • 55 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Smoking and passive smoking have been extensively reported as risk factors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite the biological mechanisms underlying the impact of hazardous chemical substances contained in tobacco in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), studies investigating the association between smoking and passive smoking with morbidity are at an inchoate stage in Korea. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the risks of smoking and passive smoking on cardiovascular morbidity at the national and regional levels.
METHODS
This study calculated sex-standardized and age-standardized prevalence of CVD and smoking indices in 253 community health centers (si/gun/gu) in Korea using the 2008-2013 Korea Community Health Survey data. Furthermore, a Bayesian hierarchical model was used to estimate the association of smoking and passive smoking with the prevalence of CVD from the national and regional community health centers.
RESULTS
At the national level, smoking was significantly associated with stroke (relative risk [RR], 1.060) and hypertension (RR, 1.016) prevalence, whilst passive smoking at home and work were also significantly associated with prevalence of stroke (RR, 1.037/1.013), angina (RR, 1.016/1.006), and hypertension (RR, 1.010/1.004). Furthermore, the effects of smoking and passive smoking were greater in urban-industrial areas than in rural areas.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study would provide grounds for national policies that limit smoking and passive smoking, as well as regionally serve as the basis for region-specific healthcare policies in populations with high CVD vulnerability.
Summary
Korean summary
베이지안 계층화 방법을 이용하여 흡연 및 간접 흡연과 심혈관계 질환 유병의 전국 및 시/군/구별 연관성을 추정한 결과, 흡연은 뇌졸중 (RR=1.060) 과 고혈압 (RR=1.016) 유병에 유의하게 연관되었다.

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    Satoshi Umemura, Hisatomi Arima, Shuji Arima, Kei Asayama, Yasuaki Dohi, Yoshitaka Hirooka, Takeshi Horio, Satoshi Hoshide, Shunya Ikeda, Toshihiko Ishimitsu, Masaaki Ito, Sadayoshi Ito, Yoshio Iwashima, Hisashi Kai, Kei Kamide, Yoshihiko Kanno, Naoki Kas
    Hypertension Research.2019; 42(9): 1235.     CrossRef
  • Smoke-Free Policies and 30-Day Readmission Rates for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
    Sericea Stallings-Smith, Hanadi Y. Hamadi, Breck N. Peterson, Emma J.I. Apatu, Aaron C. Spaulding
    American Journal of Preventive Medicine.2019; 57(5): 621.     CrossRef
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    Carmela Protano, Vittoria Cammalleri, Arianna Antonucci, Alexandra Sabina Ungureanu, Francesa Santilli, Stefano Martellucci, Vincenzo Mattei, Matteo Vitali
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    Kalea Despoina, Ioannis Vogiatzis
    British Journal of Cardiac Nursing.2018; 13(3): 116.     CrossRef
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Factors affecting screening for diabetic complications in the community: a multilevel analysis
Jin A Han, Soo Jeong Kim, Gawon Kim, Eun Ji Kim, Soon Young Lee
Epidemiol Health. 2016;38:e2016017.   Published online May 3, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016017
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The objective of the present study was to identify the factors that affect screening for diabetic complications by sex in the community.
METHODS
This study used individual-level data from the 2013 Community Health Survey (CHS) for 20,806 (male, 9,958; female, 10,848) adults aged 30 years or older who were diagnosed with diabetes. Community-level data for 253 communities were derived from either CHS or national statistics. A chi-square test and multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in the rate of screening for diabetic complications according to individual-level and community-level variables. In the multilevel analysis, the community-level variance ratio of the null model was 7.4% and 9.2% for males and females, respectively. With regard to community-level variables, males were affected by the city type, number of physicians, and their living environment, while females were affected by number of physicians, natural and living environments, and public transportation.
CONCLUSIONS
The factors that influenced individual willingness to undergo screening for diabetic complications differed slightly by sex; however, both males and females were more likely to undergo screening when they recognized their health status as poor or when they actively sought to manage their health conditions. Moreover, in terms of community-level variables, both males and females were affected by the number of physicians. It is essential to provide sufficient and ongoing opportunities for education on diabetes and its management through collaboration with local communities and primary care medical centers.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 지역사회의 당뇨병 환자들의 성별에 따른 합병증검사 수진율을 파악하고 개인의 특성과 지역사회의 특성이 합병증 검사 수진여부에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 다수준 분석을 통해 살펴보고자 하였다. 당뇨병 치료자 중 약 1/3만이 합병증검사를 받았다. 성별에 따라 개인의 당뇨병 합병증 검사 수진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인이 다르긴 하지만 남성과 여성 모두 본인의 건강상태가 좋지 않다고 인지하거나 질병관리에 적극적인 행동을 취하는 경우, 그리고 지역변수로는 내과전문의 수에 영향을 받았다. 이는 지역사회와 1차 의료기관의 협업을 통해 당뇨병과 당뇨병 관리에 대한 충분하고 지속적인 학습기회의 제공이 중요하다고 할 수 있다.

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  • The association between health literacy and screening for disease-specific complications among community-dwelling adults with diabetes
    Fatima Nari, Jae Kwan Jun, Kyoung Hee Oh, Wonjeong Jeong
    Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Haewon Byeon
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MERS-Epidemiologic Investigation
Epidemiological investigation of the 119th confirmed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus case with an indefinite mode of transmission during the Pyeongtaek outbreak in Korea
Jong Hyuk Choi, Byoungin Yoo, Soon Young Lee, Eun Gyu Lee, Moran Ki, Woncheol Lee, Jong Rak Jung, Kyujin Chang
Epidemiol Health. 2015;37:e2015054.   Published online December 10, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015054
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
Since the first case was diagnosed on May 20, 2015, there were 186 confirmed cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) until the end of outbreak in South Korea. Although medical institutions were the most identifiable sources of MERS transmission in South Korea, similar to other countries, in-depth epidemiological investigation was required for some confirmed cases with indefinite contact history or hospital visit records. The subject of epidemiological investigation in the present study was a 35 year-old male patient diagnosed with MERS (#119) who lived in Asan-city and worked in Pyeongtaek-city. Various potential sources of transmission were carefully investigated. While he could have been exposed to MERS through a friend from Saudi Arabia or confirmed MERS cases in his workplace, neighboring areas, and medical institutions, as well as contacts in his home, the chances of transmission were low; however, the potential for transmission through his local community could not be excluded. Practically, it was difficult to determine the modes of transmission for all outbreak cases in communicable disease that occurred in this short period of time. The investigation to identify the mode of transmission in this case was ultimately unsuccessful. However, the various data collected and analyzed to reveal modes of transmission provided detailed information that could not be collected using only interview surveys.
Summary
Korean summary
2015년 한국에서 유행한 메르스 환자들 중, 감염 경로가 불분명한 119번째 환자에 대한 심층 역학조사를 통해 다양한 감염경로의 가능성을 검토하였다. 감염경로를 명확하게 밝혀내지 못한 한계점이 있지만, 지역사회 전파에 대한 가능성을 제시하였다. 감염병 대유행시 효율적인 감염경로 파악을 위해서는 다방면의 자료에 대한 확보체계와 이를 신속히 분석하고 판단할 수 있는 전문 인력 확충이 필요하다.

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  • A database of geopositioned Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus occurrences
    Rebecca E. Ramshaw, Ian D. Letourneau, Amy Y. Hong, Julia Hon, Julia D. Morgan, Joshua C. P. Osborne, Shreya Shirude, Maria D. Van Kerkhove, Simon I. Hay, David M. Pigott
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Original Article
Community mental health status six months after the Sewol ferry disaster in Ansan, Korea
Hee Jung Yang, Hae Kwan Cheong, Bo Youl Choi, Min-Ho Shin, Hyeon Woo Yim, Dong-Hyun Kim, Gawon Kim, Soon Young Lee
Epidemiol Health. 2015;37:e2015046.   Published online October 23, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015046
  • 29,760 View
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  • 23 Web of Science
  • 23 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The disaster of the Sewol ferry that sank at sea off Korea’s southern coast of the Yellow Sea on April 16, 2014 was a tragedy that brought grief and despair to the whole country. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mental health effects of this disaster on the community of Ansan, where most victims and survivors resided.
METHODS
The self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted 4 to 6 months after the accident using the Korean Community Health Survey system, an annual nationwide cross-sectional survey. Subjects were 7,076 adults (≥19 years) living in two victimized communities in Ansan, four control communities from Gyeonggi-do, Jindo and Haenam near the accident site. Depression, stress, somatic symptoms, anxiety, and suicidal ideation were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument, Patient Health Questionnaire-15, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale, respectively.
RESULTS
The depression rate among the respondents from Ansan was 11.8%, and 18.4% reported suicidal ideation. Prevalence of other psychiatric disturbances was also higher compared with the other areas. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed significantly higher odds ratios (ORs) in depression (1.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36 to 2.04), stress (1.37; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.71), somatic symptoms (1.31; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.58), anxiety (1.82; 95% CI, 1.39 to 2.39), and suicidal ideation (1.33; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.56) compared with Gyeonggi-do. In contrast, the accident areas of Jindo and Haenam showed the lowest prevalence and ORs.
CONCLUSIONS
Residents in the victimized area of Ansan had a significantly higher prevalence of psychiatric disturbances than in the control communities.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 2014년 4월 16일 발생한 세월호 침몰 사고가 지역사회의 정신건강 수준에 미친 영향을 평가하기 위해 실시하였다. 2014년 지역사회건강조사를 활용, 사고 후 6개월 시점에 조사를 시행하였다. 대부분의 희생자가 발생한 안산시 대상자의 11.8%가 우울군으로 분류되었으며, 18.4%가 자살생각을 호소하였고, 그 밖의 유병률도 대조 지역에 비해 높았다.

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Health Statistics
Trends in health-related behaviors of Korean adults: study based on data from the 2008 - 2014 Community Health Surveys
Yang Wha Kang, Yun Sil Ko, Keon Yeop Kim, Changhyun Sung, Dong Han Lee, Eunkyeong Jeong
Epidemiol Health. 2015;37:e2015042.   Published online September 29, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015042
  • 28,051 View
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity (multiple risks) often lead to serious health consequence and impaired health status. The purpose of this study was to investigate the trend in health-related behavioral factors over time among adults in South Korea (hereafter Korea). The data of 1,595,842 Koreans older than 19 years who participated in the 2008-2014 Korea Community Health Survey were analyzed to assess the trend in the prevalence of behavioral risk factors. Individual or clustering health-related behaviors were assessed according to sex, age, and region among 228,712 adults who participated in the 2014 survey. From 2008 to 2014, the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity and high-risk alcohol use increased the prevalence of male current smoking and marginally decreased walking ability. Over 7 years, the percentage of adults who reported having all three healthy behaviors (i.e., currently not smoking, not consuming alcohol or having high-risk alcohol use, and engaging in walking) decreased from 35.2% in 2008 to 29.6% in 2014. Increased efforts to emphasize multiple health-related behavioral risk factors, including reducing alcohol use and smoking, and to encourage walking are needed in the thirties and forties age groups in Korea.
Summary
Korean summary
본 논문은 지역사회건강조사를 기반으로 한 우리나라 성인의 지난 7년간 주요건강행태변화와 주요 건강위험요인에 대한 결과를 보여주고 있으며, 각 지역간의 차이를 제시함으로써 지역 보건사업의 필요성을 제시하였다.

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Original Article
The effects of community environmental factors on obesity among Korean adults: a multilevel analysis
Nan-He Yoon, Soonman Kwon
Epidemiol Health. 2014;36:e2014036.   Published online December 24, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2014036
  • 32,467 View
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  • 11 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study explored multidimensional factors related to obesity by dividing them into individual and environmental factors, and performed multilevel analysis to investigate community environmental effects.
METHODS
Data from the 2011 and 2012 Community Health Surveys were used for the analysis. Community-level variables, constructed from various regional statistics, were included in the model as environmental factors. Respondents with body mass index (BMI)≥25 were defined as obese, and a multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze individual and environmental factors related to obesity. Moreover, a stratified analysis was conducted to compare factors related to obesity between men and women.
RESULTS
Of 337,136 samples, 82,887 (24.6%) were obese, with BMI≥25. Sociodemographic characteristics at the individual level were mostly significantly related to obesity; however, while there were more obese men subjects among those with high socioeconomic status, there were more obese women among those with low socioeconomic status. There were fewer obese respondents among those who regularly walked and more obese respondents among those who reported short sleep duration or were highly stressed. At the community level, people living in areas with high socioeconomic status, high satisfaction with safety and public transportation, and high accessibility to sports facilities in their community had lower obesity risks.
CONCLUSIONS
Community-level environmental factors affected obesity, especially perceived community environment, more significant than physical environment. Thus, it is necessary to develop effective obesity prevention and management strategies by considering potential community environmental factors that affect obesity.
Summary
Korean summary
다수준 분석을 통해 개인의 비만 발생에 영향을 미치는 다차원의 요인들을 탐색한 결과, 비만과 개인적 요인들의 관계는 성별에 따라 다르게 나타났고, 지역사회 환경에 대한 주관적 인식이 개인의 비만 발생과 유의한 관계가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 보다 효과적인 비만 예방 및 관리를 위해 다양한 차원의 환경적 특성과 배경, 맥락을 반영한 전략의 개발이 필요하다.

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    Jieun Kim, Hooyeon Lee
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Brief Communication
A community-level Communicable Disease Surveillance System in a Metropolitan city.
Sun Seog Kweon, Hyung Cheol Park, Hyun Nam, Jin Su Choi
Korean J Epidemiol. 2008;30(2):294-300.   Published online December 31, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/kje.2008.30.2.294
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The surveillance of infectious diseases, which is crucial in public health, may also suffer from poor community support. In South Korea, the government operates several national surveillance system for the National notifiable infectious diseases(NNID). Some programs work satisfactorily but other programs may not be fully accepted at the community level which result in low participation and delayed report.
METHODS
May 2003, to improve the blind side of the National Surveillance System, a district health agency initiated a community based surveillance system for infectious diseases called as Communicable Disease Information Sharing System (CDISS) to complement the national program. As the name suggests, it underscores the mutual benefit of surveillance for public and private health sectors through partnership. With collaboration of participating private clinics and hospitals around the district, the health agency collects data and provides the health practitioners more up-to-dated information on the trend of infectious diseases than National level information. Total population of study area, Dong-gu which locate in the center of Gwangju-metropolitan city, is about 120,000 in 2005. Reporting facilities consist of 6 daycare clinics, 3 hospitals, and 1 university hospital, 2 local public health organizations.
RESULTS
CDISS was introduced in May 2003, and full system has been successfully operated since March 2004 with 10 participating facilities. Each reporting facility regularly sends the weekly reporting form, filled with the number of patients in last week, to Dong-gu District Health Center in every Wednesday. All data were organized in tables and graphs by weekly summarizing the reporting data and interpreted information. Feedback is done to reporting facilities until Friday through faxes, email, website (http://kjdisweb.richis.org) ?at least a week earlier than National Surveillance System.If reported data exceeded epidemic alert level, the community warnings are issued through mass-media and other means of public communication.During the period of CDISS operation, some epidemic events and sporadic outbreak occurred in Dong-gu were detected well-earlier than the notification at national level, such as chickenpox, viral enteritis, and epidemic keratoconjunctivitis(EKC).
CONCLUSIONS
The program has been functioning successfully with active community participation and revealed to be economic and effective way of disease surveillance in the community. Several episodes of disease epidemic were reported by the program well before the recognition of the epidemic at the national level. We suggest that the community surveillance program may well complement national surveillance system.
Summary
Original Articles
Status on Influenza Vaccination in Some Community Health Centers.
Hyun Sul Lim, Geun Ryang Bae, Young Sun Min, Young Taek Kim, Yeon Kyeng Lee
Korean J Epidemiol. 2004;26(2):62-70.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to improve the Korean influenza management system and to determine the status of influenza vaccination in some community health centers through a survey of the officers in charge of influenza vaccination.
METHODS
The authors conducted a questionnaire survey by e-mail for the officers in charge of influenza vaccination of 8 community health centers in Daegu-si, 5 community health centers in Ulsan-si and 25 community health centers in Gyeongsangbuk-do. The authors developed a questionnaire including selection methods of the influenza vaccination objects, results of influenza vaccination in 2002, problems of influenza vaccination, the population within the respondents`jurisdiction and so on.
RESULTS
The proportion of influenza vaccination at community health centers among all residents in the 2002-2003 influenza season was 3.8% in Daegu-si, 14.8% in Ulsan-si, 15.1% in urban Gyeongsangbuk-do and 24.9% in rural Gyeongsangbuk-do. The proportion of influenza vaccination at community health centers among priority cases for vaccination was 12.9% in Daegu-si, 43.1% in Ulsan-si, 39.3% in urban Gyeongsangbuk and 41.6% in rural Gyeongsangbuk-do. The officers in charge of influenza vaccination stated that the problems of influenza vaccination were deficiencies in preparatory examination such as manpower shortage. Twenty-five persons stated as a problem that influenza vaccinations conducted in the hospitals were hardly reported, and fifteen of these clarified that this was due to hospital indifference.
CONCLUSIONS
The authors examined all community health centers of Daegu-si, Ulsan-si, and Gyeongsangbuk-do, and investigated the vaccination states and problems that health officers were dealing with. Therefore, this study is meaningful with its basic data for the management of domestic influenza vaccination.
Summary
Prevalence of Stroke in Pyongchang County.
Jong Ku Park, Kyung Sook Cho, Chun Bae Kim, Jin Back Kim, Ha Ja Song, Kee Ho Park, Seong Gyu Ko
Korean J Epidemiol. 2001;23(1):69-79.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of stroke in Pyongchang county, Kangwon do.
METHODS
The presumptive stroke patients of Pyongchang county were identified with a key-person method in October 2000. And then, medical records of these patients were reviewed by well-trained two students who major in the science of medical record.
RESULTS
In the year 2000, there were 92 males and 68 females of self-diagnosed stroke. Of these, stroke patients based on physician's diagnosis were 102, and stroke patients based on CT/MRI findings or Minnesota criteria were 93. Prevalence rate of self-reported stroke, stroke based on physician's diagnosis, and stroke based on CT/MRI findings or Minnesota criteria were 0.33%, 0.29%, and 0.26% respectively.
CONCLUSION
We conclude that verifying process of diagnosis is needed to estimate the prevalence of stroke in community.
Summary
Factors Related to Health Behaviors of the People in an Urban Community: Based on the Health Belief Model.
Byung Mann Cho
Korean J Epidemiol. 1999;21(2):151-158.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Variables derived from the health belief model were studied in relation to practices of health behavior, which was measured in terms of thoroughness. Data were collected from the sample of 984 adults living in A-Gu of Pusan, during in-home interviews using structured questionnaires. Women practiced more health behaviors than men. The significant negative relationship was found between perceived barriers to health behavior and practices of health behavior in men and women. In addition, emotional support in men and perceived benefits of health behavior in women were also significant predictors of health behaviors. These findings suggest that in the study population, perceived barriers is the most powerful predictor for practices of health behavior and social support is also important for facilitating positive health behaviors.
Summary
Epidemiol Health : Epidemiology and Health
© Korean Society of Epidemiology.
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