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Cohort Profiles
Cohort profile: a multicenter hospital-based cohort of tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in Korea, 2015–2024
Hyun Ji Woo, Min-Gul Kim, Gaeun Kang, Jaehee Lee, Jeongha Mok, Yeong Hun Choe, Yong-Soo Kwon
Epidemiol Health. 2026;48:e2026028.   Published online June 10, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2026028
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  • 46 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
Tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) are major causes of chronic respiratory morbidity, yet detailed multicenter clinical data remain limited. We established a retrospective multicenter cohort using electronic medical records from 4 national university-affiliated tertiary hospitals in Korea. Eligible participants included patients with tuberculosis registered in the Korean National Tuberculosis Surveillance System and patients who met modified 2007 American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America microbiological criteria for NTM-PD between 2015 and 2024. De-identified, standardized datasets were created using common data specifications and harmonized at a central coordinating center. The cohort included 11,790 patients with tuberculosis and 5,145 patients with NTM-PD. Tuberculosis notifications declined steadily from 1,657 cases in 2015 to 580 cases in 2024, whereas NTM-PD showed an overall upward trend despite a modest decrease in the final year. <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex accounted for 78.7% of NTM-PD cases, with <i>M. intracellulare</i> and <i>M. avium</i> as the predominant species. Macrolide-based multidrug regimens were used consistently throughout the study period. This cohort profile describes the registry design, case definitions, data structure, and key baseline findings; the registry provides a platform for future clinical, epidemiological, and health-services research on mycobacterial disease in Korea.
Summary
Korean summary
• 한국의 마이코박테리아 질환 역학은 변화하고 있으며, 지난 10년간 결핵 신고 건수는 지속적으로 감소한 반면 3차 의료기관에서의 비결핵 마이코박테리아 폐질환은 꾸준히 증가하고 있다. • 본 코호트는 4개 국립대학교병원의 전자의무기록 및 미생물학적 자료를 표준화하여 구축한 다기관 등록체계를 기반으로 하며, 결핵과 비결핵 마이코박테리아 폐질환 모두에 대하여 임상적 특성, 마이코박테리아 균종 분포, 진단 행태, 치료 및 의료이용에 관한 상세한 환자 단위 정보를 제공한다. • 비결핵 마이코박테리아 폐질환의 주된 원인균은 여전히 Mycobacterium avium complex이며, 그중 M. intracellulare가 지속적으로 대다수를 차지하였고, 실제 임상에서는 마크로라이드를 근간으로 한 다제 병합요법이 치료의 기본 축을 이루고 있다. • 본 등록체계는 비교효과 및 안전성 연구, 경제성 평가, 장기 예후 연구를 포함하여 국내 마이코박테리아 질환에 관한 향후 임상·역학·보건의료서비스 연구를 위한 유용한 기반을 제공한다.
Key Message
• The epidemiology of mycobacterial disease in Korea is changing, with a steady decline in tuberculosis notifications but a sustained increase in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in tertiary referral centers over the past decade. • Using a multicenter registry based on harmonized electronic medical records and microbiologic data from four national university hospitals, this cohort provides detailed, patient-level information on clinical characteristics, mycobacterial species distribution, diagnostic practices, treatments, and health service use for both tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease. • Mycobacterium avium complex remains the dominant cause of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease, with M. intracellulare consistently accounting for the majority of cases, while macrolide-based multidrug regimens are the backbone of treatment in routine practice. • This registry offers a valuable platform for future clinical, epidemiologic, and health- services research on mycobacterial disease in Korea, including comparative effectiveness
Cohort profile: the Kisalaya cohort of mother-infant dyads in rural south India (2008-2012)
Smitha Chandrashekarappa, Krupa Modi, Karl Krupp, Kavitha Ravi, Anisa Khan, Vijaya Srinivas, Poornima Jaykrishna, Anjali Arun, Murali Krishna, Purnima Madhivanan
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020010.   Published online March 11, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020010
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  • 2 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
The <i>Kisalaya</i> cohort was established in 2008, providing integrated antenatal care (ANC) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing in order to reduce adverse birth outcomes and pediatric HIV infections. The program used a mobile clinic model to deliver health education, ANC, and HIV/sexually transmitted infection testing and management to pregnant women in rural communities in southern India. This cohort includes pregnant women residing in 144 villages of the Mysuru <i>taluk (a rural region) who received ANC through the mobile clinic and delivered their infants between 2008 and 2011. Of the 1,940 women registered for ANC at primary healthcare centers during this time period, 1,675 (75.6%) were enrolled in the <i>Kisalaya</i> cohort. Once women enrolled in the <i>Kisalaya</i> cohort gave birth, the cohort expanded to include the mother-infant dyads with a retention rate of 100% at follow-up visits at 15 days and at 6 months post-delivery. The baseline data collected during the <i>Kisalaya</i> study included both questionnaire-based data and laboratory-based investigations. Presently, a study entitled “<i>Early life influences on adolescent mental health: a life course study of the Kisalaya birth cohort in south India</i>” is in the process of data collection (2019-2020).
Summary

Citations

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  • Vulnerability to Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) / Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among adolescent girls and young women in India: A rapid review
    Sohini Paul, Anupam Sharma, Radhika Dayal, Mahika Mehta, Sudeshna Maitra, Kuhika Seth, Monal Nagrath, Sowmya Ramesh, Niranjan Saggurti, Ajoke Basirat Akinola
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(2): e0298038.     CrossRef

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