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Original Articles
The associations of obesity phenotypes with the risk of hypertension and its transitions among middle-aged and older Chinese adults
Ziyue Sheng, Shang Lou, Jin Cao, Weidi Sun, Yaojia Shen, Yunhan Xu, Ziyang Ren, Wen Liu, Qian Yi, Peige Song
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023043.   Published online April 10, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023043
  • 3,514 View
  • 89 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to investigate the associations of obesity phenotypes with hypertension stages, phenotypes, and transitions among middle-aged and older Chinese.
METHODS
Using the 2011-2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis included 9,015 subjects and a longitudinal analysis included 4,961 subjects, with 4,872 having full data on the hypertension stage and 4,784 having full data on the hypertension phenotype. Based on body mass index and waist circumstance, subjects were categorized into 4 mutually exclusive obesity phenotypes: normal weight with no central obesity (NWNCO), abnormal weight with no central obesity (AWNCO), normal weight with central obesity (NWCO), and abnormal weight with central obesity (AWCO). Hypertension stages were classified into normotension, pre-hypertension, stage 1 hypertension, and stage 2 hypertension. Hypertension phenotypes were categorized as normotension, pre-hypertension, isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), and systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH). The association between obesity phenotypes and hypertension was estimated by logistic regression. A comparison between different sexes was conducted by testing the interaction effect of sex.
RESULTS
NWCO was associated with normal→stage 2 (odds ratio [OR], 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 3.42), maintained stage 1 (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.14 to 2.29), and normal→ISH (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.85). AWCO was associated with normal→stage 1 (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.40 to 2.19), maintained stage 1 (OR, 2.77; 95% CI, 2.06 to 3.72), maintained stage 2 (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.50 to 5.25), normal→ISH (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.20 to 2.02), and normal→SDH (OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.72 to 3.75). An interaction effect of sex existed in the association between obesity phenotypes and hypertension stages.
CONCLUSIONS
This study highlights the importance of various obesity phenotypes and sex differences in hypertension progression. Tailored interventions for different obesity phenotypes may be warranted in hypertension management, taking into account sex-specific differences to improve outcomes.
Summary
Key Message
This study elucidates the distinct associations between obesity phenotypes and various hypertension stages and phenotypes. Furthermore, it reveals significant sex differences in the risk for hypertension stages, phenotypes, and transitions, providing essential insights for targeted interventions and personalized medicine.
The influence of the dietary intake of vitamin C and vitamin E on the risk of gastric intestinal metaplasia in a cohort of Koreans
Sung Keun Park, Yeongu Chung, Chang-Mo Oh, Jae-Hong Ryoo, Ju Young Jung
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022062.   Published online July 29, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022062
  • 5,562 View
  • 193 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Studies have suggested that the dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins, such as vitamin C and vitamin E, has a potential role in inhibiting gastric carcinogenesis. The present study investigated the effect of antioxidant vitamins on the incidence of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM).
METHODS
This study included 67,657 Koreans free of GIM who periodically underwent health check-ups. Dietary intake was assessed by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants were categorized into 4 groups by quartiles of dietary vitamin C and vitamin E intake. The Cox proportional hazard assumption was used to determine the multivariable hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for GIM.
RESULTS
The third and fourth quartiles of vitamin C intake had a lower risk of GIM than the first quartile (multivariable-adjusted HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.03 in the second quartile, HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.97 in the third quartile, and HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.95 in the fourth quartile). Vitamin E intake greater than the second quartile level was significantly associated with a lower risk of GIM than the first quartile (multivariable-adjusted HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.97 in the second quartile, HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.99 in the third quartile, and HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.94 in the fourth quartile). This association was observed only in the subgroup analysis for men.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher dietary intake of vitamin C and vitamin E was associated with a lower risk of GIM.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구에서는 6만명 이상의 한국인을 대상으로 비타민 C와 비타민 E의 섭취량과 장기적인 위 장상피화생 (GIM) 발생 위험도의 상관 관계를 연구했다. 우리는 비타민 C와 E 섭취량이 많은 근로 연령대의 한국인에서 낮은 위 장상피화생 발생 위험을 확인했다. 이 연관성은 여성보다 남성에서 더 분명하게 나타났다.
Key Message
1. This study investigated the long-term effect of vitamin C and vitamin E intake on the longitudinal risk of GIM in more than 60,000 Koreans 2. We found increased intake of Vitamin C/E is associated with lower incidental risk of GIM in working aged Korean. 3. This association was more prominent in men than women.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Longitudinal analysis for the risk of depression according to the consumption of sugar-sweetened carbonated beverage in non-diabetic and diabetic population
    Sung Keun Park, Yeongu Chung, Yoosoo Chang, Chang-Mo Oh, Jae-Hong Ryoo, Ju Young Jung
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
COVID-19: Perspective
Dengue and COVID-19 infections in the ASEAN region: a concurrent outbreak of viral diseases
Lowilius Wiyono, Ian Christoper N. Rocha, Trisha Denise D. Cedeño, Adriana Viola Miranda, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno III
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021070.   Published online September 16, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021070
  • 10,295 View
  • 275 Download
  • 14 Web of Science
  • 15 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
Member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have faced dengue outbreaks for decades, and the region has one of the highest rates of dengue globally. Outbreaks continue to occur concurrently with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the 10 ASEAN countries. Both infectious diseases pose a tremendous burden in these countries related to both infection control and the economy. Increases in the number of dengue cases occurred in part due to disruptions in the pathogen-host-vector relationship caused by changes in human behaviour in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The spread of dengue was further aggravated by the implementation of lockdowns and social distancing policies. These measures limited the coverage of dengue preventive programs and delayed the medical management of both diseases due to co-infection and misdiagnosis. It is of the utmost importance for the population to remain aware of both diseases, and dengue vector control strategies must be devised to properly address outbreaks using digitalization and remote surveillance. Similarly, critical triage algorithms and further research are also needed to combat co-infection and misdiagnosis. Controlling the spread of COVID-19 though vaccination should also be undertaken to reduce the impact of the pandemic.
Summary
Key Message
The rising dengue infection amidst the COVID-19 pandemic has indicated the need of response to mitigate the dangers of both dengue and COVID-19. Appropriate measurement from all ASEAN countries are needed to lower the number of cases and ease the burden of both dengue and COVID-19 management."

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Dengue Dynamics: A Global Update
    Rabeya Yousuf, Md Wasek Salam, Shaima Akter, Susmita Sinha, Mainul Haque
    Advances in Human Biology.2024; 14(1): 5.     CrossRef
  • Health System Preparedness, Response, and Incidence of Dengue in District Mianwali
    Fatima Naseem, Muhammad Iftikhar Khattak, Faisal Rashid, Samia Nasim, Mustafa Khalid Waheed, Javaria Mustafa
    Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences.2024; : 55.     CrossRef
  • Potential inhibitors isolated from Curcuma aeruginosa against dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) NS2B-NS3 protease activity
    Siti Sarah Fazalul Rahiman, Mohammad Al-Amin, Noratiqah Mohtar, Iffah Izzati Zakaria, Ummirul Mukminin Kahar, Melati Khairuddean, Salizawati Muhamad Salhimi
    Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature.2024; 14(1): 64.     CrossRef
  • Genomic Characterization of Dengue Virus Outbreak in 2022 from Pakistan
    Massab Umair, Syed Adnan Haider, Zaira Rehman, Zunera Jamal, Qasim Ali, Rabia Hakim, Shaheen Bibi, Aamer Ikram, Muhammad Salman
    Vaccines.2023; 11(1): 163.     CrossRef
  • Rapid Appraisals of the Transformation Strategy Required to Sustain Dengue Vector Control During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
    Sulistyawati Sulistyawati, Herman Yuliansyah, Tri Wahyuni Sukesi, Arfiani Nur Khusna, Surahma Asti Mulasari, Fatwa Tentama, Bambang Sudarsono, Fanani Arief Ghozali
    Risk Management and Healthcare Policy.2023; Volume 16: 93.     CrossRef
  • Singapore’s Dengue Outbreak Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges, Responses, and Lessons
    Huzaifa Ahmad Cheema, Rustam Shariq Mujtaba, Amna Siddiqui, Laiba Imran Vohra, Abia Shahid, Jaffer Shah, Abdulqadir J Nashwan, Natasha Howard
    Infection and Drug Resistance.2023; Volume 16: 1081.     CrossRef
  • The Diagnostic Potential of RNA Aptamers against the NS1 Protein of Dengue Virus Serotype 2
    Ramesh Thevendran, Sivalingam Rogini, Glenn Leighton, Atherton Mutombwera, Sarah Shigdar, Thean-Hock Tang, Marimuthu Citartan
    Biology.2023; 12(5): 722.     CrossRef
  • Incidence and mortality trends of neglected tropical diseases and malaria in China and ASEAN countries from 1990 to 2019 and its association with the socio-demographic index
    Qiao Liu, Wenxin Yan, Chenyuan Qin, Min Du, Yaping Wang, Min Liu, Jue Liu
    Global Health Research and Policy.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Dengue in Pregnancy: A Southeast Asian Perspective
    Vanessa Chong, Jennifer Zi Ling Tan, Valliammai Jayanthi Thirunavuk Arasoo
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(2): 86.     CrossRef
  • The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on dengue cases in Malaysia
    Nuur Hafizah Md Iderus, Sarbhan Singh Lakha Singh, Sumarni Mohd Ghazali, Asrul Anuar Zulkifli, Nur Ain Mohd Ghazali, Mei Cheng Lim, Lonny Chen Rong Qi Ahmad, Mohamad Nadzmi Md Nadzri, Cia Vei Tan, Ahmed Syahmi Syafiq Md Zamri, Chee Herng Lai, Nur Shuhada
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The simultaneous crises of dengue and COVID-19 in Pakistan: a double hazard for the country’s debilitated healthcare system
    Govinda Khatri, Mohammad Mehedi Hasan, Somina Shaikh, Syeda Lamiya Mir, Abdul Moiz Sahito, Priya, Ian Christopher N. Rocha, Osman Kamal Osman Elmahi
    Tropical Medicine and Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Sayambhu Saita, Sasithan Maeakhian, Tassanee Silawan
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2022; 7(8): 171.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiology (2012-2019) and costs (2009-2019) of dengue in Malaysia: a systematic literature review
    Sazaly AbuBakar, Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh, Randee Kastner, Louisa Oliver, Shi Hao Lim, Riona Hanley, Elaine Gallagher
    International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2022; 124: 240.     CrossRef
  • Has COVID-19 suppressed dengue transmission in Nepal?
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Health Statistics
A comparison of breast cancer survival across different age groups: a multicentric database study in Penang, Malaysia
King Fang Tan, Farzaana Adam, Hasmah Hussin, Noor Mastura Mohd Mujar
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021038.   Published online May 25, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021038
  • 12,767 View
  • 375 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 10 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
This study compared breast cancer survival and the prognostic factors across different age groups of women in Penang, Malaysia. Data on 2,166 women with breast cancer who had been diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 were extracted from the Penang Breast Cancer Registry and stratified into 3 age groups: young (< 40 years old), middle-aged (40-59 years old), and elderly (≥ 60 years). The overall and relative survival rates were calculated using the life table method, median survival time was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and comparisons between groups were conducted using the log-rank test. Prognostic factors were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model. The 5-year overall and breast cancer-specific survival rates for women with breast cancer in Penang were 72.9% and 75.2%, with a mean survival time of 92.5 months and 95.1 months, respectively. The 5-year breast cancer-specific survival rates for young, middle-aged, and elderly women were 74.9%, 77.8%, and 71.4%, respectively, with a mean survival time of 95.7 months, 97.5 months, and 91.2 months. There was a significant difference in breast cancer survival between age groups, with elderly women showing the lowest survival rate, followed by young and middle-aged women. Disease stage was the most prominent prognostic factor for all age groups. Survival rates and prognostic factors differed according to age group. Treatment planning for breast cancer patients should be age-specific to promote better cancer care and survival.
Summary
Key Message
The relationship between breast cancer survival and age at diagnosis has been explored, but information between survival at different age groups remains unclear, in addition to conflicting study results. This multicentre study was conducted to compare breast cancer survival across different age groups in an Asian setting.

Citations

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  • Illuminating the breast cancer survival rates among Southeast Asian women: A systematic review and meta-analysis spanning four decades
    Duc Tran Quang, Thanh Luong Thi, Khanh Nguyen Di, Chi Vu Thi Quynh, Huyen Nguyen Thi Hoa, Quang Phan Ngoc
    Current Problems in Cancer.2024; 48: 101062.     CrossRef
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    Han Lei, Baojie Hua, Yingying Mao, Wei Cui, Caiping Mao, Shaoxue Yang, Jiayu Li
    Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(4): 2985.     CrossRef
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    Bryan Valcarcel, J. Smith Torres-Roman, Daniel Enriquez-Vera, Gabriel De-la-Cruz-Ku
    Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology.2023; 12(5): 625.     CrossRef
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    Jun Lu, Pinbo Liu, Ran Zhang
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Original Article
Epidemiological distribution of primary central nervous system tumors in the Western Province of Saudi Arabia: a local registry from neuroscience-affiliated centers
Maher Kurdi, Nadeem Shafique Butt, Saleh Baeesa, Badrah Alghamdi, Yazid Maghrabi, Anas Bardeesi, Rothaina Saeedi, Ahmed I. Lary
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021037.   Published online May 23, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021037
  • 10,562 View
  • 336 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a major and growing global healthcare challenge. Western Saudi Arabia has an inconsistent data registry; therefore, the epidemiology of CNS tumors is unclear across the country. This study is aimed to assemble the epidemiological matrix of CNS tumors in the Western Province of Saudi Arabia.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis was performed using clinical data obtained from 3 neuroscience centers in Western Saudi Arabia in the period 2014-2019. The sample size included 663 adult and pediatric cases from the local and expatriate populations diagnosed with CNS tumors. The distributions of age, sex, clinical presentation, tumor location, type of surgery, histological subtype, genetic characteristics, and recurrence rate were explored.
RESULTS
The analysis included 500 adult cases and 163 pediatric cases up to 18 years of age with a male-to-female ratio of 1.16. The mean age at diagnosis was 38.0±22.6 years. The supratentorium was the most common location (n=515, 77.7%). Most patients presented with headache (n=298, 44.9%), followed by a focal neurological deficit (19.9%). The most common primary CNS tumor was glioblastoma (n=234, 35.3%), followed by meningioma (n=100, 15.1%). The recurrence rate after surgery was estimated to be 40.9% among all CNS tumors.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first tumor registry of Western Province of Saudi Arabia that describes the distribution of primary CNS tumors and highlights their epidemiological matrix. Several incidence trends in terms of histological type, age group, sex, location, and recurrence were determined, and some genetic characteristics were recognized.
Summary
Key Message
Incidence, prevalence and the recurrence of CNS tumors vary according to histological type, age at diagnosis, sex, and available treatments. Further research should be performed to identify potential risk factors for CNS tumors in Saudi Arabia. Genome technology provides an opportunity to relate incidence rates with risk factors.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Nuclear Factor-Kappa B in Gliomas as a Predictive Factor for Tumor Recurrence – A Clinicopathological Study
    Basant H. Sayed, Samia M. Gabal, Ahmed M. Abdalaziz, Dalia Abd El-Kareem
    Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences.2023; 11(A): 221.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiological Trends in Childhood Cancer in Saudi Arabia
    Nazim Faisal Hamid, Fayez Muawwadh Albalawi, Abdulrahman Abdullah Aloufi, Rawapy Ali Hamas, Nasser Awadh H Alanazi, Tariq Hulayyil Alanazi
    Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal.2022; 11(5): 42.     CrossRef
Review
The current status of Zika virus in Southeast Asia
Viroj Wiwanitkit
Epidemiol Health. 2016;38:e2016026.   Published online June 16, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2016026
  • 22,152 View
  • 291 Download
  • 33 Web of Science
  • 36 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Zika virus currently poses a global threat and is a major public health issue throughout Latin America and the Caribbean. However, Zika virus infections in humans have also been observed in other regions, including Southeast Asia, where arboviral diseases are very common. In this study, we summarize the current status of Zika virus in Southeast Asia. This review aims to provide an overview of the current situation and also to suggest ways of adequately managing the emergence of Zika virus in Southeast Asia.
METHODS
The literature searching for the reports on Zika virus in Southeast Asia was done using standard database PubMed and the re-analysis and summarization on the reports was done.
RESULTS
A limited number of reports have addressed Zika virus disease in Southeast Asia, but it is has been confirmed that a problem already exists. Individual case reports and outbreaks of Zika virus have been confirmed in Southeast Asia. Several reports have also described patients becoming infected after visiting Southeast Asia. In addition, the concurrent circulation of Zika virus with other arboviruses has been confirmed.
CONCLUSIONS
As a tropical region with a high prevalence of arboviral diseases, the emergence of Zika virus in Southeast Asia is a major concern. It is essential for local medical personnel to recognize this disease. Given the status of Southeast Asia as a globally important tourist destination, continuous updates on the status of Zika virus in Southeast Asia are required and should be incorporated into global health advisories regarding travel.
Summary

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Health Statistics
Stomach cancer incidence rates among Americans, Asian Americans and Native Asians from 1988 to 2011
Yeerae Kim, Jinju Park, Byung-Ho Nam, Moran Ki
Epidemiol Health. 2015;37:e2015006.   Published online February 16, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015006
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  • 216 Download
  • 36 Web of Science
  • 29 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Stomach cancer is the second most common cancer in Eastern Asia, accounting for approximately 50% of all new cases of stomach cancer worldwide. Our objective was to compare the stomach cancer incidence rates of Asian Americans in Los Angeles with those of native Asians to assess the etiology of stomach cancer from 1988 to 2011. To examine these differences, Asian Americans (Korean, Japanese, Chinese, and Filipino Americans living in Los Angeles, California, USA) and native Asians (from Korea, Japan, China, and the Philippines) were selected for this study. Using the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents database, stomach cancer incidence rates were examined. Data from the National Cancer Registry of Korea were used for native Koreans. Between native countries, the incidence rates in Japan, China, the Philippines, and the US declined over time, but the incidence in Korea has remained constant. The incidences among Asian immigrants were lower than those among native Asians. The incidence rates of males were approximately 2 times higher than those among females in Asian countries were. The effect of immigration on stomach cancer incidence suggests that lifestyle factors are a significant determinant of stomach cancer risk. However, the incidence in Korea remains the highest of these countries
Summary

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Review
An epidemiologic review of Japanese Encephalitis with a special focus on incidence and methods of control for South Korea.
Hee choul Ohrr, Sang Wook Lee, Jae Seok Hong
Korean J Epidemiol. 2005;27(1):69-80.
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  • 30 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis(JE) is the leading viral cause of encephalitis and disability in Asia. The disease primarily infects children under the age of 15, leaving up to 70% of these who develop illness either dead or with a long-term neurological disability. We reviewed not only JE disease burden, etiology, vector, mode of transmission, reservoir but also geographic distribution and incidence of the disease in Asia, with a focus on the South Korea. A special comment on the methods of control JE and perspective for South Korea also included.
Summary

Epidemiol Health : Epidemiology and Health