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Original Article
- The association between obesity and glaucoma in older adults: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
- Xiaohuan Zhao, Qiyu Bo, Junran Sun, Jieqiong Chen, Tong Li, Xiaoxu Huang, Minwen Zhou, Jing Wang, Wenjia Liu, Xiaodong Sun
- Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023034. Published online March 9, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023034
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- 1 Web of Science
- 2 Crossref
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Abstract
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AbstractOBJECTIVES
This study evaluated the association between obesity and glaucoma in middle-aged and older people. A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.METHODSGlaucoma was assessed via self-reports. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and a Cox proportional hazards model were used to assess the relationship between obesity and glaucoma risk.RESULTSOlder males living in urban areas who were single, smokers, and non-drinkers were found to have a significantly higher incidence of glaucoma (all p<0.05). Diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease were also associated with higher glaucoma risk, while dyslipidemia was associated with lower risk (all p<0.05). After the model was adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related variables, obesity was significantly associated with a 10.2% decrease in glaucoma risk according to the Cox proportional hazards model (hazard ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 0.97) and an 11.8% risk reduction in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (odds ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.97). A further subgroup analysis showed that obesity was associated with a reduced risk of glaucoma in people living in rural areas, in smokers, and in those with kidney disease (all p<0.05). Obesity also reduced glaucoma risk in people with diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia more than in healthy controls (all p<0.05).CONCLUSIONSThis cohort study suggests that obesity was associated with a reduced risk of glaucoma, especially in rural residents, smokers, and people with kidney disease. Obesity exerted a stronger protective effect in people with diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia than in healthy people. -
SummaryKey Message
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease and the leading cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide. The diagnosis of glaucoma is frequently delayed, as it may be asymptomatic until a relatively late stage. Thus, there is a need to identify protective and risk factors for glaucoma. Glaucoma is a multifactorial disease, and the impact of obesity on glaucoma risk remains uncertain. This study evaluated the association between obesity and glaucoma in middle-aged and older people. This cohort study suggests that obesity was associated with a reduced risk of glaucoma, especially in rural residents, smokers, and people with kidney disease.Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Evaluating the impact of caloric restriction, body mass index and exercise on primary open-angle glaucoma: A review
Jonathan YM Lai, Patrick Mclarnon, Carl Sheridan, Neeru A Vallabh
European Journal of Ophthalmology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - The relationship between weight-adjusted-waist index, body mass index and diabetic retinopathy among American adults: a population-based analysis
Songtao Wang, Hecong Qin, Yu Zhang, Ning Yang, Jinsong Zhao
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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