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Systematic review
Guts of healthy humans, livestock, and pets harbor critical-priority and high-risk Escherichia coli clones
Idris Nasir Abdullahi, Islem Trabelsi
Epidemiol Health. 2025;e2025013.   Published online March 22, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2025013    [Accepted]
  • 884 View
  • 45 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
In May 2024, the World Health Organization classified carbapenem (CARB)- and third-generation cephalosporin (3GC) resistance (R) in Escherichia coli as a critical priority, whereas colistin (COL) is a "last resort" antibiotic for their treatment. This meta-analysis evaluated the pooled prevalence, high-risk lineages, genetic relatedness, and mechanisms of CARBR, COLR, and 3GCR in Escherichia coli from healthy humans and animals.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses following the PRISMA criteria on all eligible studies that reported the analysis of E. coli, and antimicrobial susceptibility to CARB, COL and 3GC in E. coli from gut samples of clinically healthy humans, livestock, and pets from June 2014 to June 2024. Random-effect models and CSI Phylogeny 1.4 were used to determine pooled prevalence rates (PPs) and the relatedness of publicly available E. coli genomes, respectively.
RESULTS
Of the 5034 identified articles, 55 studies were deemed eligible. The overall PPs of 3GCR, CARBR- and COLR E. coli were 19% (95% CI, 14.5%-24.4%), 1.6% (95% CI, 0.8%-3.5%), and 13.3% (95% CI, 8.4%-20.9%), respectively. The PPs of 3GCR-, COLR- and CARBR E. coli significantly varied by hosts, continent, and year of studies (p<0.05). Diverse E. coli lineages were found, including 13 high-risk E. coli sequence types (STs), within which ST10 predominated. Phylogenomic analyses produced 4 clusters of related CARBR- and COLR E. coli strains (< 25 SNP): ST940-blaOXA-181 from humans in Lebanon, ST617-mcr-1 from pigs in China, ST46-mcr-1 from poultry in Tanzania, and ST1720-mcr-1 from goats in France.
CONCLUSIONS
COLR and 3GCR are more frequent than CARBR in gut E. coli. These 10-year epidemiological data highlight the persistence and transmission of critical priority and high-risk E. coli strains in healthy humans and animals, raising significant One Health concerns.
Summary
Systematic Review
Distribution pattern and prevalence of West Nile virus infection in Nigeria from 1950 to 2020: a systematic review
Idris Nasir Abdullahi, Anthony Uchenna Emeribe, Peter Elisha Ghamba, Pius Omoruyi Omosigho, Zakariyya Muhammad Bello, Bamidele Soji Oderinde, Samuel Ayobami Fasogbon, Lawal Olayemi, Isa Muhammad Daneji, Muhammad Hamis Musa, Justin Onyebuchi Nwofe, Nkechi Blessing Onukegbe, Chukwudi Crescent Okume, Sanusi Musa, Abubakar Muhammad Gwarzo, Odunayo Oyetola Rahmat Ajagbe
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020071.   Published online November 26, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020071
  • 18,169 View
  • 262 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
West Nile virus (WNV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne viral infection. This study investigated the pooled prevalence pattern and risk factors of WNV infection among humans and animals in Nigeria.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted of eligible studies published in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science from January 1, 1950 to August 30, 2020. Peer-reviewed cross-sectional studies describing WNV infections in humans and animals were systematically reviewed. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q statistic.
RESULTS
Eighteen out of 432 available search output were eligible and included for this study. Of which 13 and 5 were WNV studies on humans and animals, respectively. Although 61.5% of the human studies had a low risk of bias, they all had high heterogeneity. The South West geopolitical zone of Nigeria had the highest pooled prevalence of anti-WNV immunoglobulin M (IgM; 7.8% in humans). The pooled seroprevalence of anti-WNV IgM and immunoglobulin G (IgG) was 7.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.9 to 8.3) and 76.5% (95% CI, 74.0 to 78.8), respectively. The WNV RNA prevalence was 1.9% (95% CI, 1.4 to 2.9), while 14.3% (95% CI, 12.9 to 15.8) had WNV-neutralizing antibodies. In animals, the pooled seroprevalence of anti-WNV IgM and IgG was 90.3% (95% CI, 84.3 to 94.6) and 3.5% (95% CI, 1.9 to 5.8), respectively, while 20.0% (95% CI, 12.9 to 21.4) had WNV-neutralizing antibodies. Age (odds ratio [OR], 3.73; 95% CI, 1.87 to 7.45; p<0.001) and level of education (no formal education: OR, 4.31; 95% CI, 1.08 to 17.2; p<0.05; primary: OR, 7.29; 95% CI, 1.80 to 29.6; p<0.01) were significant risk factors for WNV IgM seropositivity in humans.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study highlight the endemicity of WNV in animals and humans in Nigeria and underscore the need for the One Health prevention and control approach.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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