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The association between metabolic syndrome and heart failure in middle-aged men and women : population-based study of 2 million individuals
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Tae-Eun Kim, Hyeongsu Kim, JiDong Sung, Duk-Kyung Kim, Myoung-Soon Lee, Seong Woo Han, Hyun-Joong Kim, Sung Hea Kim, Kyu-Hyung Ryu
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Epidemiol Health. 2022;e2022078. Published online September 21, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022078
[Accepted]
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 Abstract
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Abstract
Objectives
Although the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and heart failure (HF) risk is known, large longitudinal studies are limited. In this study, we investigated metabolic status as a risk factor for HF in middle-aged men and women and considered sex differences in various risk factors for HF using nationwide real-world data.
Methods Data obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2009 to 2016 were analyzed. A total of 2151597 middle-age subjects (between 50 and 59 years old) were enrolled. Subjects were divided into three groups (normal, Pre‐MetS and MetS). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association between MetS and incident HF after adjusting for clinical risk factors.
Results At baseline, MetS existed in 23,77% of men and 10.58% of women. Pre-MetS and MetS increased the risk of HF: the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of pre-MetS was 1.508 (1.287-1.767) in men and 1.395 (1.158-1.681) in women; the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of MetS was 1.711 (1.433-2.044) in men and 2.144 (1.674-2.747) in women. Current smoking, low hemoglobin level, underweight (BMI<18.5) and high creatinine level as well as acute myocardial infarction were also predictors of HF in both men and women.
Conclusions This study confirmed that pre-MetS and MetS are risk factors for HF in middle-aged men and women. The effect of MetS on the occurrence of HF was stronger in women than in men. Pre-MetS was also a predictor of HF but was associated with a lower risk than MetS.
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Summary
Korean summary
Key Message
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Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen and Antibody in High School Students in Chungju-city.
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Hyeongsu Kim, Kun Sei Lee, Soung Hoon Chang, Suekyung Park, Cheongsik Kim, Chang Hee Lee, Hyuk Jung Kweon, Soon Sup Chung
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Korean J Epidemiol. 2002;24(2):107-112.
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Abstract
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Since Korea has been known to be one of the endemic area for hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection, vaccination for HBV has been recommended for all neonates in Korea. After starting vaccination in 1983, the change of sero-positivity of HBsAg and HBsAb is expected. This study was carried out to investigate the seropositive rate of hepatitis B virus surface antigen and antibody in high school freshmen students in Chungju-city.METHODS AND MATERIALS: From 1998 to 2001, a total of 11,735 who were born in 1982 to 1986, were enrolled in this study.
HBsAg and anti-HBs were tested by reversed passive hemagglutination and passive hemagglutination, respectively.
PESULTS: The study population was 11,735 students who were composed of 5,813 males (49.6%) and 5,914 females (50.4%).
The HBsAg sero-positivity of male and female students was 3.25% (n=381) and 2.59% (n=153) respectively. The anti-HBs sero-positivity of male and female students was 62.2% (n=3,154) and 64.1% (n=2,969) respectively. There are significant difference observed in comparison of HBsAg and anti-HBs seropositivity according to sex (p<0.05). From 1982 to 1986 on birth year, anti-HBs sero-positivity has been increased significantly from 63.3% to 73.3%. But the change of HBsAg sero-positivity has not been changed significantly.CONCLUSIONS As compared with previous studies of HBsAg and anti-HBs, the sero-positive rate of HBsAg has not been changed but that of HBsAb has been increased significantly.
This result revealed that the effect of HBV vaccination program was successful.
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Summary
Korean summary
Key Message
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