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Effect of anti-smoking education on male high school students.
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Tack Min Kim, Sun Ha Jee, Heechoul Ohr
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1992;14(2):175-183.
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 Abstract
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Abstract
In order to examine the effect of an anti - smoking education method on smoking, a untreated control group design with pretest and posttest study were conducted with self - completing questionnaire in 1990 and 1991. A total of 247 male students from one high school in Wonju made the experimental group and another 236 students made the comparison group in this study. Anti - smoking education, with a forty - minute demonstration about danger of smoking and a twenty - minute - long video tape education, was given to the experiment group.
The results were as follows :
1. The smoking prevalence of the experiment group and the comparision group were 11.5% and 14.5% respectively at baseline. Smoking prevalence of the experiment group increased to 16.0% and that of comparison group increased to 16.4% respectively after one year interval of antismoking education to the experiment group.
2. The baseline smoking knowlege score of experiment group was 29.7 and that of comparison group was 31.9. Those scores collected after one year interval ware 31.9 and 33.2 respectively.
3. The odds ratios for smoking estimated from a unconditional logistic regression analysis were 4.8 (p<0.01) for students with a smoking friends as the best friend, 1.02 (p<0.05) for one score increase in knowledge of smoking health hazard and 0.8 (p<0.05) for anti - smoking education.
This study implicates it is unlikely that a common anti - smoking programme would be effective for male high school students. To devlelop effective measures for preventing high school boys’ smoking it is highly recommended to carry out further researches in details of anti - smoking education.
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Summary
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Smoking and female lung cancer by morphological types, a case-control study.
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Heechoul Ohr, Il Soon Kim, Sun Ha Jee, Tae Yong Sohn
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Korean J Epidemiol. 1992;14(2):151-159.
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Abstract
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Abstract
The relationship between smoking and female lung cancer was examined according to the morphological subtypes. Two data sets were analyzed. One is the data comprising 235 pathologically confirmed female primary lung cancer patients and 940 community control frequency matched at a ratio of 1 : 4 within ten-year-sized birth cohorts from Kangwha county female residents. The other is the data with 125 female lung cancer patients and 125 controls who are either patients’ sisters or friends where telephone surveys were used as the data collecting methods.
The telephone interview survey limited the number of the latter data which need information of the patients' sisters or friends who made the controls.
The morphology of the lung cancers were categorized in three types i. e. adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma. Odds ratios were estimated by unconditional logistic regression analysis controlling age at first diagnosis as a confounder.
Results are as follows：
1. The odds ratios of smoking were estimated to be 1.6(p>0.05) for adencoarcinama, 3.2 (p<0.01) for squamous cell carcinomas, and 7.1 (p<0.01) for small cell carcinomas in the logistic model with 235 cases and 940 controls The odds ration estimated in the model with 125 cases and 125 controls showed almost the same values as the former.
2. Females with less than 20 pack-year were estimated to have 1.8 times (p<0.05)higher risk of lung cancer than non-smokers and those with 20 or more pack-year were estimated to have 5.0 times (p<0.01) higher risk. The estimate for small cell carcinoma was 13.5(p<0.01) for females with 20 or more pack-year.
3. The odds ratio estimates of lung cancer were 1.8 (p<0.05) for those who began to smoke after their forties and 2.7(p<0.05) for those who began to smoke before forty-year old. This tendency was observed in every subtype of lung cancer.
This report reconfirms that there are different associations between smoking and morphological types of lung cancers, the absolute values of odds ratio being smaller than those of other countries, however. This finding implicates that further researches are needed to confirm the size of contribution of smoking to Korean female lung cancers. And the second step shall be the reason of low association between smoking and lung cancer, conditioned to this finding is true.
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Summary
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