-
Epidemiological characteristics of and containment measures for COVID-19 in Busan, Korea
-
Hyunjin Son, Hyojung Lee, Miyoung Lee, Youngduck Eun, Kyounghee Park, Seungjin Kim, Wonseo Park, Sora Kwon, Byoungseon Ahn, Dongkeun Kim, Changhoon Kim
-
Epidemiol Health. 2020;42:e2020035. Published online June 1, 2020
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2020035
-
-
19,387
View
-
539
Download
-
24
Web of Science
-
14
Crossref
-
Abstract
Summary
PDFSupplementary Material
-
Abstract
Objectives To describe and evaluate epidemiological investigation results and containment measures implemented in Busan, where 108 cases were confirmed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between February 21, 2020 and March 24, 2020.
Methods Any individual who tested positive for COVID-19 was classified as a confirmed case. Measures were taken to identify the source of infection and trace and quarantine contacts. Serial intervals were estimated and the effective reproduction number was computed.
Results Of the total 18,303 COVID-19 tests performed between January 16, 2020 and March 24, 2020 in Busan, 108 yielded positive results (positive test rate, 0.6%). All confirmed cases were placed in isolation at hospitals. Of the 108 confirmed cases, 59 (54.6%) were female. The most common age group was 20-29 years with 37 cases (34.3%). Regarding symptoms at the time of diagnosis, cough (n=38, 35.2%) and fever (n=34, 31.5%) were most common; 12 cases (11.1%) were asymptomatic. The source of infection was identified in 99 cases (91.7%). A total of 3,223 contacts were identified and quarantined. Household contacts accounted for 196, and the household secondary attack rate was 8.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.7 to 12.9). The mean serial interval was estimated to be 5.54 days (95% CI, 4.08 to 7.01). After February 26, (R<sub>t</sub>) remained below 1 in Busan.
Conclusions The early containment strategy implemented in Busan shows that control is possible if outbreaks are of limited scope. In preparation for future outbreaks, public health and healthcare systems should be re-examined and put in a ready state.
-
Summary
Korean summary
2월 21일부터 3월 24일까지 부산시에서 보고된 108명의 코로나바이러스감염증-19 (코로나19) 확진 환자의 역학 조사 결과와 관리 조치를 기술하고 평가하였다. 초기에는 A 교회 클러스터와 다른 지역에서 유입된 사례로 인해 급격한 환자 증가가 있었고 이후 접촉자를 중심으로 2차 유행을 보였다. 2월 26일 이후 부산 지역의 Rt가 1보다 낮은 값을 보여 전파가 통제되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 부산에서 초기 containment 전략을 시행한 결과 제한된 발생 규모인 경우 통제가 가능하다는 점을 확인하였다. 이후 발생할 유행에 대비해 적극적으로 공중보건 및 보건의료 체계를 정비하고 준비해야 할 것으로 생각된다
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Age: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Bing Wang, Prabha Andraweera, Salenna Elliott, Hassen Mohammed, Zohra Lassi, Ashley Twigger, Chloe Borgas, Shehani Gunasekera, Shamez Ladhani, Helen Siobhan Marshall Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.2023; 42(3): 232. CrossRef - Evaluation of the EsteR Toolkit for COVID-19 Decision Support: Sensitivity Analysis and Usability Study
Rieke Alpers, Lisa Kühne, Hong-Phuc Truong, Hajo Zeeb, Max Westphal, Sonja Jäckle JMIR Formative Research.2023; 7: e44549. CrossRef - Improved time-varying reproduction numbers using the generation interval for COVID-19
Tobhin Kim, Hyojung Lee, Sungchan Kim, Changhoon Kim, Hyunjin Son, Sunmi Lee Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Assessing changes in incubation period, serial interval, and generation time of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Xiangyanyu Xu, Yanpeng Wu, Allisandra G. Kummer, Yuchen Zhao, Zexin Hu, Yan Wang, Hengcong Liu, Marco Ajelli, Hongjie Yu BMC Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Serial Intervals and Case Isolation Delays for Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Sheikh Taslim Ali, Amy Yeung, Songwei Shan, Lin Wang, Huizhi Gao, Zhanwei Du, Xiao-Ke Xu, Peng Wu, Eric H Y Lau, Benjamin J Cowling Clinical Infectious Diseases.2022; 74(4): 685. CrossRef - Core policies disparity response to COVID-19 among BRICS countries
Jun Jiao, Leiyu Shi, Yuyao Zhang, Haiqian Chen, Xiaohan Wang, Manfei Yang, Junyan Yang, Meiheng Liu, Gang Sun International Journal for Equity in Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - An update of serial interval estimates for COVID-19: a meta-analysis
Jean-François Jusot 4open.2022; 5: 16. CrossRef - Subcritical Transmission in the Early Stage of COVID-19 in Korea
Yong Sul Won, Jong-Hoon Kim, Chi Young Ahn, Hyojung Lee International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(3): 1265. CrossRef - Constructing and adjusting estimates for household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from prior studies, widespread-testing and contact-tracing data
Mihaela Curmei, Andrew Ilyas, Owain Evans, Jacob Steinhardt International Journal of Epidemiology.2021; 50(5): 1444. CrossRef - Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Pratha Sah, Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Charlotte F. Zimmer, Elaheh Abdollahi, Lyndon Juden-Kelly, Seyed M. Moghadas, Burton H. Singer, Alison P. Galvani Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Effectiveness of Contact Tracing for Viral Disease Mitigation and Suppression: Evidence-Based Review
Kelly Jean Thomas Craig, Rubina Rizvi, Van C Willis, William J Kassler, Gretchen Purcell Jackson JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.2021; 7(10): e32468. CrossRef - Characteristics of COVID-19 Cases in Central Java as the 5th Most Populous Province in Indonesia
Dwi Sutiningsih, Nur Azizah Azzahra, Yulianto Prabowo, Aris Sugiharto, Mufti Agung Wibowo, Istirochah, Endah Sri Lestari, Estri Aurorina, Eka Pratiwi Maharani, T.R. Soeprobowati, B. Warsito, T. Triadi Putranto E3S Web of Conferences.2021; 317: 04030. CrossRef - Effectiveness of public health measures in reducing the incidence of covid-19, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and covid-19 mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis
Stella Talic, Shivangi Shah, Holly Wild, Danijela Gasevic, Ashika Maharaj, Zanfina Ademi, Xue Li, Wei Xu, Ines Mesa-Eguiagaray, Jasmin Rostron, Evropi Theodoratou, Xiaomeng Zhang, Ashmika Motee, Danny Liew, Dragan Ilic BMJ.2021; : e068302. CrossRef - Diagnostic serial interval as a novel indicator for contact tracing effectiveness exemplified with the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea
Sofia K. Mettler, Jihoo Kim, Marloes H. Maathuis International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2020; 99: 346. CrossRef
-
A large outbreak of Salmonella enterica serovar Thompson infections associated with chocolate cake in Busan, Korea
-
Youngduck Eun, Hyesun Jeong, Seungjin Kim, Wonseo Park, Byoungseon Ahn, Dongkeun Kim, Eunhee Kim, Eunhee Park, Sunhee Park, Inyeong Hwang, Hyunjin Son
-
Epidemiol Health. 2019;41:e2019002. Published online January 9, 2019
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019002
-
-
19,332
View
-
421
Download
-
34
Web of Science
-
36
Crossref
-
Abstract
Summary
PDFSupplementary Material
-
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to reveal the epidemiologic characteristics of the outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Thompson in Busan Metropolitan City and to identify points for improvement to prevent of food-borne disease outbreak.
METHODS This was a case-control study. The control group comprised asymptomatic students in the same classes of the cases. The presence or absence of symptoms, ingestion of each food provided by school meal service, and commonly ingested foods in addition to those foods in meal service were investigated. Moreover, specimens collected from rectal swab, preserved foods, and environmental surface were tested.
RESULTS Of the 6,092 subjects, 1,111 (1,083 students, 22 school personnel, and 6 foodservice employees) were included in the case group; this corresponded to an 18.4% attack rate. Symptoms included diarrhea (n=1,051, 94.6%), abdominal pain (n=931, 83.8%), febrile sensation (n=502, 45.2%), and vomiting (n=275, 24.8%). The epidemic curves of each 10 schools were unimodal. Investigation of food intake showed a significantly high odds ratio for chocolate cake in 5 out of the 10 schools. Laboratory test detected Salmonella enterica serovar Thompson both in rectal swab specimens of 9 schools and in collected preserved chocolate cakes of 9 schools. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis test result showed that Salmonella enterica seorvar Thompson isolated from human and foods were the same.
CONCLUSIONS The source of infection for the Salmonella enterica serovar Thompson outbreak in the 10 schools of Busan Metropolitan City is chocolate cake. Traceback investigation for origin of contaminated food in food-borne disease outbreak and safety control during food production should be more enhanced.
-
Summary
Korean summary
이 연구는 2018년 9월 부산광역시 10개 학교에서 급식으로 제공된 초콜릿 케익으로 인해 발생한 살모넬라 톰슨 감염증 대규모 유행의 역학 조사 결과이다. 학교 급식과 같은 대규모 집단급식은 원재료에서 급식 제공까지 안전하게 관리되어야 하며 식품매개감염병 집단 발생 역학조사에 있어 오염원에 대한 체계적 역추적 조사와 기관 간 협업의 중요성을 강조하였다.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Salmonella prevalence in raw cocoa beans and a microbiological risk assessment to evaluate the impact of cocoa liquor processing on the reduction of Salmonella
Xingchen Zhao, Liesbeth Jacxsens, Vesela Tzeneva, Michiel Kokken, Anett Winkler, Cécile Vadier, Nicolau de Toledo, Tomasz Seliwiorstow, Mieke Uyttendaele Journal of Food Protection.2024; : 100327. CrossRef - Nontyphoidal Salmonella Outbreaks Associated With Chocolate Consumption: A Systematic Review
Zacharie Patà, Pietro B. Faré, Sebastiano A. G. Lava, Gregorio P. Milani, Mario G. Bianchetti, Simone Janett, Isabella Hunjan, Lisa Kottanattu Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.2024; 43(5): 420. CrossRef - Emergence and genomic characteristics of multi-drug-resistant Salmonella in pet turtles and children with diarrhoea
Wei Wang, Feng Liu, Hui Li, Menghan Li, Yujie Hu, Fengqin Li, Jing Xiao, Yinping Dong
Microbial Genomics
.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Epidemiology and genetic characterization of tet(X4)-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae isolated from raw meat in Chengdu City, China
Weishuai Zhai, Yiqing Wang, Honghu Sun, Bo Fu, Qidi Zhang, Congming Wu, Jianzhong Shen, Dejun Liu, Yang Wang Biosafety and Health.2024; 6(2): 116. CrossRef - Dissemination of IncC plasmids in Salmonella enterica serovar Thompson recovered from seafood and human diarrheic patients in China
Zengfeng Zhang, Dai Kuang, Xuebin Xu, Zeqiang Zhan, Hao Ren, Chunlei Shi International Journal of Food Microbiology.2024; 417: 110708. CrossRef - Characterization of Salmonella species from poultry slaughterhouses in South Korea: carry-over transmission of Salmonella Thompson ST292 in slaughtering process
Yewon Cheong, Jun Bong Lee, Se Kye Kim, Jang Won Yoon Journal of Veterinary Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Phylogenetic Analysis Based on Whole Genome Sequences, Antibiotic Resistance, and Virulence of Salmonella enterica Clinical Isolates from South Korea
Jihyun Choi, Jong Hyun Shin, Suyeon Park, Ji Young Choi, Jin Yang Baek, Kyungmin Huh, Doo Ryeon Chung, Ki Tae Kwon, Mi-Ran Seo, Seung-Hyun Jung, Yeun-Jun Chung, Kwan Soo Ko Foodborne Pathogens and Disease.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Rapid identification and absolute quantitation of zero tolerance-Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Thompson using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction
Eiseul Kim, Chang Hun Choi, Seung-Min Yang, Min-Ki Shin, Hae-Yeong Kim LWT.2023; 173: 114333. CrossRef - Prevalence and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus in raw eggs and it's growth and enterotoxin a production in egg contents
Pengfei Zhang, Panpan Wang, Xueting Fu, Xu Xu, Fuqian Ruan, Ting Wang, Guanhong Chang, Yangli Wan, Yao Zhang, Xin Wang LWT.2023; 174: 114379. CrossRef - An Extensive Review on the Exploration of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella and its Associated Infections
Pallavi Rawat, Vidya Chauhan, Juhi Chaudhary, Neha Chauhan Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology.2023; 17(1): 112. CrossRef - Rapid detection of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Thompson by real-time fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and colorimetric LAMP combined without DNA extraction in the field
Eiseul Kim, Seung-Min Yang, Hae-Yeong Kim LWT.2023; 182: 114850. CrossRef - Characterization of Salmonella Thompson-specific bacteriophages and their preventive application against Salmonella Thompson biofilm on eggshell as a promising antimicrobial agent in the food industry
Md. Ashrafudoulla, Hee Jeong Kim, Eun Her, Shanjida Shaila, Si Hong Park, Sang-Do Ha Food Control.2023; 154: 110008. CrossRef - Emergence of the fourth mobile sulfonamide resistance gene sul4 in clinical Salmonella enterica
Kai Peng, Jianping Deng, Nianli Zou, Xinran Sun, Weifeng Huang, Ruichao Li, Xiaorong Yang Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Development of rapid on-site detection of Salmonella Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Thompson in food samples using an ultrafast PCR system
Eiseul Kim, Seung-Min Yang, Hae-Yeong Kim Food Bioscience.2023; 56: 103242. CrossRef - Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Isolated from Breeder Poultry Farm Sources in China, 2020–2021
Zijing Ju, Lulu Cui, Changwei Lei, Mengze Song, Xuan Chen, Ziwei Liao, Tiejun Zhang, Hongning Wang Antibiotics.2023; 12(11): 1642. CrossRef - The Role of Suspension Array Technology in Rapid Detection of Foodborne Pollutants: Applications and Future Challenges
Xue-Xia Jia, Zi-Yi Yao, Zhi-Xian Gao, Zhen-Chuan Fan Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry.2022; 52(6): 1408. CrossRef - Efficacy of ficin and peroxyacetic acid against Salmonella enterica serovar Thompson biofilm on plastic, eggshell, and chicken skin
Shamsun Nahar, Ha Lim Jeong, Ah Jin Cho, Jun-Ha Park, Sangha Han, Younsoo Kim, Si-Hong Park, Sang-Do Ha Food Microbiology.2022; 104: 103997. CrossRef - Through the Looking Glass: Genome, Phenome, and Interactome of Salmonella enterica
Jean Guard Pathogens.2022; 11(5): 581. CrossRef - Revisiting the Biological Behavior of Salmonella enterica in Hydric Resources: A Meta-Analysis Study Addressing the Critical Role of Environmental Water on Food Safety and Public Health
Alan Douglas de Lima Rocha, Rafaela Gomes Ferrari, Walter Esfrain Pereira, Laiorayne Araújo de Lima, Patrícia Emília Naves Givisiez, Andrea Isabel Moreno-Switt, Magaly Toro, Enrique Jesús Delgado-Suárez, Jianghong Meng, Celso José Bruno de Oliveira Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Transcriptome analysis revealed the role of capsular polysaccharides in desiccation tolerance of foodborne Staphylococcus aureus
Hui Wang, Jiawei Shen, Kai Ma, Chengfeng Zhu, Mengcheng Fang, Xue Hou, Shijie Zhang, Wenhui Wang, Ting Xue Food Research International.2022; 159: 111602. CrossRef - Resistance and Pathogenicity of Salmonella Thompson Isolated from Incubation End of a Poultry Farm
Jingju Zhang, Jing Liu, Chen Chen, Yufeng Wang, Xiaojie Chen, Xiubo Li, Fei Xu Veterinary Sciences.2022; 9(7): 349. CrossRef - Outbreak of monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium Sequence Type 34 linked to chocolate products
Sejal Lund, Maliha Tahir, Laiba Imran Vohra, Amatul Hadi Hamdana, Shahzaib Ahmad Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Characterization of extended-spectrum cephalosporins and fluoroquinolone resistance of a Salmonella enterica serovar Thompson isolate from ready-to-eat pork product in China
Lili Li, Rikke Heidemann Olsen, Jian Xiao, Meidan Liang, Hecheng Meng, Shifu Peng Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Investigation of microbial contamination and use of food additives for pet foods in Gwangju, Korea
Daewoong Lim, Ji Yeon Kim, Ahjin An, Jiyeong Park, Hajin Jeong, Jinju Gwak, Doori Seo, Jae Gi Lee, Miseon Jang, Taekyeong Ji, Yonghwan Kim Korean Journal of Veterinary Service.2022; 45(3): 155. CrossRef - Genomic characteristics and comparative genomics analysis of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Thompson isolated from an outbreak in South Korea
Woojung Lee, Eiseul Kim, Hyunwoo Zin, Soohyun Sung, Jungha Woo, Min Jung Lee, Seung-Min Yang, Seung Hwan Kim, Soon Han Kim, Hae-Yeong Kim Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Comparative Analysis of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Thompson Isolates associated with Outbreaks Using PFGE and wgMLST
Youngho Koh, Yunyoung Bae, Min-Jung Lee, Yu-Si Lee, Dong-Hyun Kang, Soon Han Kim Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.2022; 32(12): 1605. CrossRef - A Comparison of Salmonella Survival and Detection Using an Enrichment Technique in Dry- and Wet-Inoculated Rendered Chicken Fat Treated with Sodium Bisulfate
Janak Dhakal, Charles G. Aldrich Journal of Food Protection.2021; 84(2): 249. CrossRef - Predictive Modeling for the Growth of Salmonella spp. in Liquid Egg White and Application of Scenario-Based Risk Estimation
Mi Seon Kang, Jin Hwa Park, Hyun Jung Kim Microorganisms.2021; 9(3): 486. CrossRef - Mathematical Modeling for the Growth of Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus in Cake at Fluctuating Temperatures
Heeyoung Lee, Jin Hwa Park, Yu Kyoung Park, Hyun Jung Kim Applied Sciences.2021; 11(6): 2475. CrossRef - Rapid Detection of Salmonella Enteritidis, Typhimurium, and Thompson by Specific Peak Analysis Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
Seung-Min Yang, Eiseul Kim, Dayoung Kim, Jiwon Baek, Hyunjin Yoon, Hae-Yeong Kim Foods.2021; 10(5): 933. CrossRef - Parvoviral enteritis and salmonellosis in raccoons with sudden death
Chun-Ming Lin, Benjamin Hause, Deanna Gualtieri, Nicholas Robinson Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation.2021; 33(6): 1172. CrossRef - Assessment of the Microbial Quality of Industrial Ready-to-Eat Salads Containing Meat Products
Mohammadreza Koushki, Paliz Koohy-Kamaly, Sara Sohrabvandi Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal.2021; 9(2): 662. CrossRef - A dynamic predictive model for the growth of Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus in fresh egg yolk and scenario-based risk estimation
Jin Hwa Park, Mi Seon Kang, Kyung Min Park, Hee Young Lee, Gyeong Sik Ok, Min Seon Koo, Seok In Hong, Hyun Jung Kim Food Control.2020; 118: 107421. CrossRef - Nationwide surveillance on serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars isolated from food-producing animals in South Korea
Abraham Fikru Mechesso, Dong Chan Moon, Su-Jeong Kim, Hyun-Ju Song, Hee Young Kang, Seok Hyeon Na, Ji-Hyun Choi, Ha-Young Kim, Soon-Seek Yoon, Suk-Kyung Lim International Journal of Food Microbiology.2020; 335: 108893. CrossRef - Survival of Salmonella and Enterococcus faecium in High Fructose Corn Syrup and Honey at Room Temperature (22 °C)
Jaza Alshammari, Nitin Dhowlaghar, Yucen Xie, Jie Xu, Juming Tang, Shyam Sablani, Mei-Jun Zhu Food Control.2020; : 107765. CrossRef - A quantitative risk assessment model for salmonellosis due to milk chocolate consumption in Brazil
Fernanda B. Campagnollo, Marianna M. Furtado, Beatriz S. Silva, Larissa P. Margalho, Joyce A. Carminati, Anderson S. Sant’Ana, Maristela S. Nascimento Food Control.2019; : 106804. CrossRef
|