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Original Articles
Risk factors associated with the recent cholera outbreak in Yemen: a case-control study
Fekri Dureab, Albrecht Jahn, Johannes Krisam, Asma Dureab, Omer Zain, Sameh Al-Awlaqi, Olaf Müller
Epidemiol Health. 2019;41:e2019015.   Published online April 21, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2019015
  • 18,957 View
  • 489 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 9 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The cholera outbreak in Yemen has become the largest in the recent history of cholera records, having reached more than 1.4 million cases since it started in late 2016. This study aimed to identify risk factors for cholera in this outbreak.
METHODS
A case-control study was conducted in Aden in 2018 to investigate risk factors for cholera in this still-ongoing outbreak. In total, 59 cholera cases and 118 community controls were studied.
RESULTS
The following risk factors were associated with being a cholera case in the bivariate analysis: a history of travelling and having had visitors from outside Aden Province; eating outside the house; not washing fruit, vegetables, and khat (a local herbal stimulant) before consumption; using common-source water; and not using chlorine or soap in the household. In the multivariate analysis, not washing khat and the use of common-source water remained significant risk factors for being a cholera case.
CONCLUSIONS
Behavioural factors and unsafe water appear to be the major risk factors in the recent cholera outbreak in Yemen. In order to reduce the risk of cholera, hygiene practices for washing khat and vegetables and the use and accessibility of safe drinking water should be promoted at the community level.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward COVID-19 prevention in Yemen: a community-based cross-sectional study
    Ola El Hajj Hassan, Ahmed Asa’ad Al-Aghbari, Maureen McGowan, Maureen Dar Iang, Huda Omer Basaleem, Khaled Abdulla Al-Sakkaf, Dalia Hyzam, Albrecht Jahn, Fekri Dureab
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Inadequate Hand Washing, Lack of Clean Drinking Water and Latrines as Major Determinants of Cholera Outbreak in Somali Region, Ethiopia in 2019
    Jemal Mussa Challa, Tamirat Getachew, Adera Debella, Melkamu Merid, Genanaw Atnafe, Addis Eyeberu, Abdi Birhanu, Lemma Demissie Regassa
    Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Determining factors associated with cholera disease in Ethiopia using Bayesian hierarchical modeling
    Tsigereda Tilahun Letta, Denekew Bitew Belay, Endale Alemayehu Ali
    BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cholera outbreak investigation report in Mille woreda, Afar region, Ethiopia, 2019
    Hana Mekonen, Kefyalew Amene, Dr Samrawit Bisrat, Tesfahun Abye
    MOJ Women s Health.2022; 11(2): 63.     CrossRef
  • Risk Factors of Cholera Transmission in Al Hudaydah, Yemen: Case-Control Study
    Abdulqawi Mohammed Qaserah, Mohammed Abdullah Al Amad, Abdulwahed Abduljabbar Al Serouri, Yousef Saleh Khader
    JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.2021; 7(7): e27627.     CrossRef
  • Solar-powered desalination, a novel solar still directly connected to solar parabolic trough
    Ali M. Aqlan, Musaed Aklan, Abdulmalik E. Momin
    Energy Reports.2021; 7: 2245.     CrossRef
  • Cholera Outbreak in Hadhramout, Yemen: The Epidemiological Weeks 2019
    Eidha Ali Bin-Hameed, Huda Ameen Joban
    International Journal of Epidemiologic Research.2021; 8(1): 40.     CrossRef
  • Knowledge on and preventive practices of cholera in Al-Mahweet – Yemen, 2018: a cross-sectional study
    Fekri Dureab, Yasameen Al-Qadasi, Hani Nasr, Marwah Al-Zumair, Taha Al-Mahbashi
    Journal of Water and Health.2021; 19(6): 1002.     CrossRef
  • Reinventing the Wheel of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato Transmission to Humans
    Francesca Tamarozzi, Peter Deplazes, Adriano Casulli
    Trends in Parasitology.2020; 36(5): 427.     CrossRef
Oral symptoms significantly higher among long-term khat (Catha edulis) users in Ethiopia
Ayalew Astatkie, Meaza Demissie, Yemane Berhane, Alemayehu Worku
Epidemiol Health. 2015;37:e2015009.   Published online February 19, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015009
  • 19,400 View
  • 211 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Associations between khat (Catha edulis) chewing and different adverse oral-dental health conditions have been reported, yet evidence is still lacking. This study was designed to investigate the association between long-term regular khat chewing and self-reported oral symptoms.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 1,255 university students in southern Ethiopia. Data on khat chewing status, a range of oral symptoms and other pertinent variables were collected using self-administered questionnaires. The association between long-term regular khat chewing and oral symptom count was investigated using negative binomial regression.
RESULTS
The mean oral symptom count among long-term regular khat chewers was 1.75 (standard deviation [SD], 2.18; standard error [SE], 0.31), whereas that among those who were not long-term regular khat chewers was 1.18 (SD, 1.68; SE, 0.10). After adjustment for other variables, long-term regular khat chewers had approximately 50% more oral symptoms than those who were not long-term chewers did (adjusted count ratio, 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 2.10).
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term khat chewing negatively affects the oral health of young university students.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Awareness and practice of oral hygiene and its relation to socio-demographic factors among patients attending general OPD
    Tusneem Haider, Zeeshan Yousaf, Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Saman Fatima
    Pakistan BioMedical Journal.2022; 5(1): 311.     CrossRef
  • Effect of finishing protocols and staining solutions on color stability of dental resin composites
    Chamunorwa Marufu, Bernina K. Kisumbi, Olivia A. Osiro, Fred O. Otieno
    Clinical and Experimental Dental Research.2022; 8(2): 561.     CrossRef
  • Awareness and practice of oral hygiene and its relation to socio-demographic factors among patients attending general OPD
    Tusneem Haider, Zeeshan Yousaf, Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Saman Fatima
    Pakistan BioMedical Journal.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Determinants of dental caries among adolescent patients attending Hospitals in West Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia: A case-control study
    Tsega Tola Guracho, Emiru Merdassa Atomssa, Obsa Amante Megersa, Tadesse Tolossa, Zhaoqiang Zhang
    PLOS ONE.2021; 16(12): e0260427.     CrossRef
  • Social Habits and Other Risk Factors that Cause Tooth Loss: An Associative Study Conducted in Taiz Governorate, Yemen
    Fawzia I Shaabi, Nashwan A Noman, Adel A Aladimi, Baleegh A Alkadasi, Mohammed A Alraawi, Gassan M Al-Iryani, Asaad Khalid
    The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2019; 20(4): 428.     CrossRef
  • Khat (Catha edulis) and its oral health effects: An updated review
    Sadeq A. Al‐Maweri, Saman Warnakulasuriya, Abdulaziz Samran
    Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Khat and synthetic cathinones: emerging drugs of abuse with dental implications
    Worku Abebe
    Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Or.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Oral Lesions Induced by Chronic Khat Use Consist Essentially of Thickened Hyperkeratinized Epithelium
    Ochiba Mohammed Lukandu, Lionel Sang Koech, Paul Ngugi Kiarie
    International Journal of Dentistry.2015; 2015: 1.     CrossRef
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