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Original Articles
Association of the dietary inflammatory index with phenotypic age in the United States adults
Mengzi Sun, Jiaxin Fang, Wenhui Gao, Yue He, Yanan Ma, Lina Jin
Epidemiol Health. 2023;45:e2023051.   Published online May 4, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2023051
  • 3,925 View
  • 212 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
One of the underlying mechanisms of aging is chronic inflammation, which has been closely associated with daily diet. Phenotypic age (PhenoAge) has been used as an index to track the aging process before diseases show clinical symptoms. The present study aimed to explore the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and PhenoAge.
METHODS
In total, 9,275 adults aged 20 years old and over in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were involved in this study. Dietary patterns were classified as pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory according to the DII. PhenoAge was regarded as a continuous variable, and linear regression was used to explore its association with dietary inflammation. Stratified analyses by sex, age, race, physical exercise, smoking status, drinking status, and body mass index were used to test the sensitivity of these associations.
RESULTS
The median value of PhenoAge was 38.60 years and 39.76 years for the participants with anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory diets, respectively. A pro-inflammatory diet was positively associated with PhenoAge (β=0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.31 to 1.14), compared with participants who had an anti-inflammatory diet. There was an interaction between dietary inflammation and age for PhenoAge (p<sub>interaction</sub><0.001). The strength of the association between a pro-inflammatory diet and PhenoAge was stronger as age increased.
CONCLUSIONS
A pro-inflammatory diet was associated with a higher PhenoAge, and the association was strongest in the elderly. We recommended reducing dietary inflammation to delay phenotypic aging, especially for the elderly.
Summary
Key Message
One of the underlying mechanisms of aging is chronic inflammation, which has been closely associated with daily diet, and phenotypic age (PhenoAge) has been used as an index to track the aging process before diseases show clinical symptoms. The present study found that a pro-inflammatory diet was associated with a higher PhenoAge, and the association was strongest in the elderly. We recommended reducing dietary inflammation to delay phenotypic aging, especially for the elderly.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The association between methylmalonic acid, a biomarker of mitochondria dysfunction, and phenotypic age acceleration: A population-based study
    Bing Cao, Yu Xue, Dan Liu
    Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics.2024; 117: 105176.     CrossRef
  • Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of gallstone disease: a cross-sectional study of NHANES January 2017–March 2020
    Jinnian Cheng, Qian Zhuang, Weiyi Wang, Ji Li, Lu Zhou, Ying Xu, Haiqin Zhang, Zixu Zhang, Fengli Zhou, Daming Yang, Yimin Chu, Haixia Peng
    Frontiers in Nutrition.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Association of the inflammatory balance of diet and lifestyle with colorectal cancer among Korean adults: a case-control study
Shinyoung Jun, Jeonghee Lee, Jae Hwan Oh, Hee Jin Chang, Dae Kyung Sohn, Aesun Shin, Jeongseon Kim
Epidemiol Health. 2022;44:e2022084.   Published online September 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2022084
  • 4,441 View
  • 186 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Dietary and lifestyle exposures may affect the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) by promoting chronic inflammation. Therefore, we assessed the separate and joint associations of dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores (DIS and LIS, respectively) with CRC.
METHODS
Data from 919 pathologically confirmed CRC cases and 1,846 age- and sex-matched controls recruited at the National Cancer Center Korea were analyzed. We calculated the DIS and LIS, which characterize the collective contributions of 19 dietary and 4 lifestyle factors, respectively, to systemic inflammation by applying weights based on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. A higher score represented a higher balance of pro- to anti-inflammatory exposures. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CRC risk compared across the DIS and LIS tertile categories, with the lowest tertile as the reference group.
RESULTS
The highest DIS tertile had significantly increased odds of having CRC (OR, 2.65; 95% CI, 2.10 to 3.36), and the odds increased with increasing DIS. The highest LIS tertile group had 1.28-fold higher odds of having CRC (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.58). In the cross-classification analysis, the odds of having CRC increased as the DIS and LIS jointly increased until the DIS reached the highest tertile, where the risk was very high (3-fold or more) regardless of the LIS.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, a higher balance of pro-inflammatory relative to anti-inflammatory dietary and lifestyle factors, especially dietary factors, was associated with higher CRC risk among Korean adults.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 국립암센터에서 수집한 대장암 환자-대조군 데이터를 활용하여, 새롭게 개발된 식이 염증 지수(Dietary Inflammation Score, DIS) 및 생활습관 염증 지수(Lifestyle Inflammation Score, LIS)와 대장암 발생 위험 간의 연관성을 탐색하였다. 분석 결과, 식이 염증 지수 혹은 생활습관 염증 지수가 높은 집단에서 대장암 위험이 더 높아, 식이와 생활습관이 체내 염증 수준을 높여 대장암 발생 위험을 높일 가능성이 제기되었다
Key Message
Dietary inflammation score (DIS) and lifestyle inflammation score (LIS) quantify the collective effect of dietary and lifestyle factors, respectively, on systemic inflammation. In this case-control study, we assessed the associations of DIS and LIS with colorectal cancer risk among Korean adults. Our results suggest that a higher balance of pro-to anti-inflammatory dietary and lifestyle factors may be associated with higher risk for colorectal cancer. The findings from our study support that reducing inflammation through dietary or lifestyle changes could potentially reduce the risk for colorectal cancer.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The association of diet-dependent acid load with colorectal cancer risk: a case–control study in Korea
    Tao Thi Tran, Madhawa Gunathilake, Jeonghee Lee, Jae Hwan Oh, Hee Jin Chang, Dae Kyung Sohn, Aesun Shin, Jeongseon Kim
    British Journal of Nutrition.2024; 131(2): 333.     CrossRef
  • Gout and Colorectal Cancer Likelihood: Insights from a Nested Case-Control Study of the Korean Population Utilizing the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort
    Mi Jung Kwon, Kyeong Min Han, Joo-Hee Kim, Ji Hee Kim, Min-Jeong Kim, Nan Young Kim, Hyo Geun Choi, Ho Suk Kang
    Cancers.2023; 15(23): 5602.     CrossRef
  • Dietary intake and cancer incidence in Korean adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
    Ji Hyun Kim, Shinyoung Jun, Jeongseon Kim
    Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023102.     CrossRef
Exploring the associations between cardiovascular health measured with the CANHEART model and early cognitive impairment in a middle-aged population in Korea
Ye Jin Jeon, Ji Heon Lee, Hyeon Chang Kim, Sun Jae Jung
Epidemiol Health. 2021;43:e2021044.   Published online July 13, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021044
  • 9,157 View
  • 275 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Both cardiovascular health (CVH) and inflammation are associated with cognition, and inflammation is also associated with CVH. However, limited information has been reported on these factors in the Korean population. The objective of our study was to investigate the influence of inflammation on the association between CVH and cognition using a cross-sectional design.
METHODS
Data were obtained from the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center baseline study. Participants who completed fasting serum analysis, questionnaires, and cognitive function tests were included in the analysis, whereas those with a history of autoimmune disease were excluded. The CVH in Ambulatory Care Research Team health index metrics, including smoking, physical activity, healthy diet, obesity, history of hypertension, and diabetes, were used to assess CVH. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Estimation for Dementia Screening. Inflammatory status was assessed based on a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) test.
RESULTS
Among 2,622 total participants (mean age, 57.2 years; 1,792 women), 13%, 58%, and 29% had poor, intermediate, and ideal CVH, respectively. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that CVH was significantly associated with cognitive function only in women. A stratified analysis showed that cognitive impairment due to CVH was not associated with hs-CRP levels. When the same analyses were conducted for each CVH component, the only component affecting the association was hypertension history in men.
CONCLUSIONS
CVH is not significantly associated with cognitive decline in the middle-aged Korean population. Inflammation did not play a significant modifying role in this relationship.
Summary
Korean summary
• 본 연구는 심뇌혈관 및 대상질환원인연구센터(Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center, CMERC) 코호트의 기반조사 데이터를 활용하여, 심혈관계건강과 인지기능 사이의 연관성을 한국 도시거주 중년인구에서 확인하고, 염증 지표인 고감도C반응단백 (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP) 수준에 따른 차이를 탐색하였다. • 남성과 여성 모두에서 CANHEART health index가 낮은 집단에서 인지기능이 평균적으로 더 낮았으나, 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. • 염증 수준에 따른 심혈관계건강과 인지기능 사이의 연관성은 해당 연구에서는 확인할 수 없었다.
Key Message
In the Korean middle-aged population, poor cardiovascular health (CVH) assessed by CANHEART health index was associated with low cognitive function, but not statistically significant. Further investigation is suggested to develop CVH index specified in Korean populations and to estimate the association between CVH and cognitive function in larger population.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Cardiovascular disease risk models and dementia or cognitive decline: a systematic review
    Ruirui Jia, Qing Wang, Hengyi Huang, Yanli Yang, Yuet Foon Chung, Tao Liang
    Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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